
Featured Episodes
S2:01 Spiritual Violence and the Fight for Liberated Faith
Reverend Sex and Nadia Arellano introduce the central themes explored in Soulforce’s new book Spiritual Violence, creating shared language for the powerful conversations shaping this season.
S2:02 When Faith Becomes Control: Puerto Rico’s Christian Colonial History
Yolanda Santiago Correa explores how Christian rhetoric, colonialism, and political control shaped Puerto Rico’s history and created enduring systems of dependency and resistance.
S1:01 Divine Pleasure After Purity Culture with Rev. Dr. Lis Valle-Ruiz
In this first English episode of TSV, Reverend Sex introduces the vibrant world of Queer and feminist theology, focusing on communities from Latin America and its diaspora.
Browse by Season
Season 1
Episodes 0–11
+
Season 1
Episodes 0–11
▶ S1:00 — Introducing Teología Sin Vergüenza10 min 19 sec
▶ S1:01 — Divine Pleasure After Purity Culture with Rev. Dr. Lis Valle-Ruiz58 min 21 sec
▶ S1:02 — Decolonial Theology and Queer Feminism w/ Dr. Nancy Bedford1 hr 8 min 58 sec
▶ S1:03 — Spiritual Autonomy: Living Shamelessly After White Fundamentalism w/ Belén Morales1 hr 4 min 1 sec
▶ S1:04 — “The Shame” of the Undocumented: Identity, Healing, and Hope w/ Dr. Norma Ramirez59 min 7 sec
▶ S1:05 — Practicing Presence Amidst Capitalism’s Death-dealing Systems w/ ana59 min 28 sec
▶ S1:06 — Sacred Questioning: Liberation in Deconstruction w/ Karla Perez1 hr 4 min 17 sec
▶ S1:07 — Spiritual Justice + the Ministry of Protecting Migrants from ICE w/ Arelis Figueroa46 min 18 sec
▶ S1:08 — The Home We Carry: The Beautiful Agony of Diasporic Identity w/Jessica Vazquez Torres1 hr 18 min 20 sec
▶ S1:09 — Radical Inclusion: Redefining Religious Borders w/ Rev. Yadi Martínez-Reyna1 hr 3 min 16 sec
▶ S1:10 — Embracing Identity & Rejecting Racial Binaries w/ CasSandra Calin54 min 9 sec
▶ S1:11 — Celebrating Shamelessness: Reflections on Our First English Season with Nadia Arellano57 min 35 sec
Season 2
Episodes 1–10
+
Season 2
Episodes 1–10
▶ S2:01 — Spiritual Violence and the Fight for Liberated Faith42 min 6 sec
Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, who is an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA plus people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the executive director at Soulforce, and I am honored and delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it.
This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, religious phenomena that defile the faith. Together we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together we name the harm, not as abstract theories but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing, and we'll be doing plenty of that too. These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony.
You'll hear stories of resilience, liminality, code switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged, persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business and pleasure with Shameless Theology.
Hey y'all, welcome back to a new season of Shameless Theology, known to many of you as Teología Sin Vergüenza, or TSV, because our first eight seasons were in Spanish. So for anyone who is new to our community of La Sinvergüenza, you might want to go back and check out English Season 1, where we explain some of the cultural meaning and nuance behind the term Sinvergüenza and its significance to our work. Basically though, a Sinvergüenza is someone who sheds the expectations and judgment from the world around us and dares to live into the truest, most self-possessed version of ourselves, shamelessly.
This season, we're going to have more scandalous conversations with incredible guests about the ideas presented in our new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena that defile the faith.
The work of the book is to introduce our communities to some new concepts like spiritual terrorism and religious abuse and white Christian supremacy. While the work of this season of Shameless Theology is to take those ideas and contextualize them through the brilliance and lived experience of this season's guests. It's going to be amazing. So many people have had a hand on working on this book project, and I am very excited to introduce it and share these conversations with you. Today's episode is going to be a little bit different than the rest of the season, because today we want to ground everything we're talking about in shared language and start by telling you a bit more about the content of the book.
Nadia and I will introduce concepts, talk about the work that went into creating the book content, and close out with our hopes for how it might help us live into this current moment. Now more than ever, it's important to name violence clearly, to understand the power dynamics behind that violence, and to encourage conversations about how we respond and heal. Now the rest of the season's episodes will share longer, more nuanced conversations with expert scholars and activists about their lived work connected to the themes in the book.
These are amazing, in-depth conversations that we hope will encourage you to continue understanding and combating spiritual violence in your own community and in your own spirit. Okay, now let's get into today's episode with an intro to spiritual violence and religious phenomena that defile the faith.
Hi friends, we are very happy to be in another season. Thank you for joining us. This new season of the podcast is going to be very exciting for us, and I hope that it is exciting to you as well, because it will be centered on a book that we are recently launching, and that we are super, super excited about, and that we hope can ignite conversations between many different people. So first, my name is Nadia, and I am here today with the main writer of the book, Rev.
Alba Onofrio, Reverend Sex.
Welcome, Alba!
Thank you!
Would you like to share some more about the book?
Yes, I would love to. This is a book that has been adapted and interpreted. It was originally created as an idea, a transnational collaboration between queer and feminist Latines in three different countries and edited by a couple of people in a couple more countries. And we created this beautiful project a few years ago in Spanish, and it was for a general population audience. Now we have the same conceptual content, but adapted and fully rewritten for a U.S. context. So it's a way of introducing the concepts that Soulforce has been working on for decades in a book format that gives you really cool conceptual ideas, rigorous thinking through of those ideas of white Christian supremacy, spiritual violence, spiritual terrorism, religious abuse, and spiritual trauma.
And then we also have other ways of learning in there, like, for example, each concept has at least one case study of somebody's real lived experience, including yours that's in the book that folks can understand. How do we apply this idea in real life? How has this affected real people and real humans in our in our generation, in our time period? And then it also has somatic body practices, which was done. Those were all created by Dr. Judith Fajardo, and she is in Colombia.
And those are done to help us move through the emotions that may come up as we talk about these really hard things in the book.
Yes. And as you were saying, this book is an adaptation. And it was, to me, it was amazing to see people's response to the book in Spanish. I don't think we were expecting so many diverse people to feel excited and interested in the book.
Yeah, I think there's a thing about naming something. So so many people, we have this experience a time and time again. And I know you have had this experience with our people also where it's these lived experiences that we have, but we don't necessarily have a name to talk about those things. So one of the main things of this book is just helping us all have a dialogue around the same vocabulary words. And so we see that all the time, right?
Like people are like, oh, that's spiritual violence that I experienced. Or that's religious abuse that I experienced. It was like, I know something isn't right and it feels bad in my body, but I don't have any way to talk about it because I don't know how to name it other than it didn't feel good.
And that feels very, very, very important. Well, first of all, we haven't said the name of the title. Yes. So the title of the book is spiritual violence, religious phenomena that defile the faith. Yes. And as you were saying, a big part of the book is conceptualizing, like systematizing things, putting words into concepts that we have experienced in our bodies and especially with something like spirituality. Sometimes people associate spirituality with something that is abstract, that is like untouchable and undefinable. Yes.
Like something that is blurry and that cannot be described.
Yeah. And in a sense, it is, but that is also a trap. Yes. That is also a way to to make it even less reachable, like accessible and it is less accountable. Right. Right. Because you, how would you start creating laws or creating protocols? Yep. I guess something that is so blurry, so confusing. And so, yeah, like, unreachable.
Yes. Or diverse. And so everybody's is so different and unique that we can't possibly put any boundaries around what is unacceptable forms of handling spirituality. But there's a piece that happens around power that is always identifiable. And that is what we're talking about so much in this book is how people misuse and abuse both religion and particularly Christianity and how power gets abused and how that power is the thing that we can look at, name and call out when it's not OK.
And that is something that I deeply value about this book, that the concepts are both very broad in terms of allowing us to name different experiences of different religious traditions, different contexts, different backgrounds, but they are also very specific and they are also very like, I know there was a lot of work into crafting definitions that could actually help spiritual violence in particular is a concept that so many people once we name it, yes, many people have experienced it. And so many people can point it out in their life stories, in their bodies.
And it's so interesting to me, maybe because I talk about this every day and we we do a lot of work relating to this. It's so surprising to me how often people will hear spiritual violence and that sounds like they get they're surprised like they are like, what is that? I didn't know that existed. What do you mean, spiritual? Like those two concepts, spirituality and violence are not usually put together, even though what it's naming is everywhere. It's basically the water that we swim in.
Yeah, and maybe we should say a little bit about what spiritual violence is. And the book goes into it more, but we're talking about this. Reality that happens at all levels of society from your random cat call on the street all the way up to entire governments and global systems to intimate relationships like with your parents, for example. And it's any time that the human dignity and sacred worth of a person is harmed, basically, in many different ways. Emotional harm, physical harm, psychological harm.
But it's done in the name of God or in the name of the Bible says, etc., etc. But it's a way of weaponizing God and weaponizing Christianity in this context to degrade someone else or to cause them harm or hurt that comes with this authority of God behind it. And so I think that's the thing that feels so hard is because we're taught that God is always good and churches are always good and pastors are always good and faith leaders are always good.
And what this book, I feel like bravely does is name that that can't be taken as a given because just like anything else, the Bible can be used to affirm and it can be used to tear down. It can be used to heal and it can be used to violate and to harm.
Right. And I love that concept specifically because it is helpful even if you do not believe in anything spiritual. Whatever you believe, I think the concept makes a really good job. Like trying to define spirituality. But it's something that you cannot deny. Like this when we talk about sacred dignity or apparent worth of a person. Yes. And how that is connected to something that is it's not fully psychological. It's not fully emotional. It's not fully physical, but it's all of those combined.
Yeah, I think the spiritual violence as a concept feels very undeniable. Yes. And if you are not a believer. Yes. And for those of us who might not be familiar with the work of so forth. We talk a lot about spiritual violence. We also talk about white Christian supremacy as a system of power. And those are two of the biggest concepts in this concept in this book. Yes. And after that, the book tries to untangle different ways to look in real life in every in cultures, in interpersonal and institutional relationships.
So would you tell us a little bit more about the other concepts and how they fit into this narrative?
Yeah, I feel like if you're a person of faith, this book is really important because this is our God, especially Christians. This is our God that's been stolen and co-opted. If you're somebody who comes out of a religious upbringing, particularly Christian upbringing of any denomination because nobody gets off the hook in this book. So if you come out of that and you feel like you were ever labeled an outsider or the black sheep, or you felt like you had to leave because it didn't feel good and it didn't feel right or something changed in your identity.
You didn't feel like you belong like all of those. This book is would be a healing resource for you. And if you are not a person of faith, or even if you don't have any faith background, I feel like you could come to this book to be like, this is a thing that is at play in our society, in our laws, in our systems, in our culture, in our pop culture, in our beauty standards. And then it gives you insight into what's going on in this world of religion talk that I can't quite name, but it feels icky.
So I feel like it's a book really for almost anybody who's interested and alive today in our hemisphere. And part of the thing that goes along that so clearly for me is this concept of spiritual terrorism. So when we started using this concept way back in the first Trump administration, we got a lot of pushback around. This is a very incendiary language.
And it's true that you're exaggerating.
Yeah. And and we understand that terrorists and terrorism is very racialized in our country. And we understand that that has been used as a weapon against particularly people of color and immigrants. And that is part of why we use it, because we are saying that concept, that terrorizing concept of putting entire communities in fear for their lives and their safeties constantly and without fail. That's actually something that's done way more often by system and a government. And right now at this moment, it feels like a concept like spiritual terrorism, which is the full on assault against a group of people because they share a particular identity.
That is so relevant in the United States right now, because we have trans people who are under attack, queer people who are under attack, immigrants, people of color who have always been under attack. But now it's really coming through even the courts to give just unquestioned power to vigilantes with guns in the name of, quote unquote, the police. So I think that's a concept that has never been more relative. And recently we've gotten no pushback on using that kind of language.
And it feels like the lived experience we use in that chapter is around family separation at the border. And that felt extreme at the moment when we were writing this book several years ago. And now in this moment in this year, seeing what's happening with ICE and immigrants all around, it feels like that was just the tip of the iceberg. And so it feels undeniable at this point that spiritual terrorism is a thing, not only the physical terror of always feeling unsafe, but what happens in our spirits when people are not only labeled bad, but labeled evil that should be taken out and silenced completely.
So that's one of the main concepts of spiritual terrorism.
Yeah. And something that I also love about this book and about this content is that it is always very, very, very systemic understanding, the broader picture, the power behind it, like talking about structural systems of oppression. And at the same time, it's deeply intimate, deeply personal, deeply embodied. So you can you can see it as something that is historical, that is centuries old, that has traveled through generations and at the same time lives in your body. And yeah, that's when other concepts in the book appear such as spiritual trauma, which is I think a very important way of describing how our nervous system reacts to that to that trauma, to that spiritual violence and also religious abuse, which is a very interpersonal way of relating to power in specifically religious institutions.
Yeah, I wanted to talk to you about that because for the spiritual not for spiritual trauma, but for that one, but connected to religious abuse, you wrote about your own story. So the narrative in those chapters is very connected to your own personal story. How was it for you writing about that very real lived experience in your body of spiritual trauma connected with religious abuse?
It was actually way less scary than I thought it would be for everyone that hasn't read the book yet.
Go read it. Go read it.
But I talk about my experience of sexual abuse by a prophet and a pastor, Pentecostal prophet, 10 years ago. And it's something that I've worked enough in therapy and through Soulforce's content and my own lived experience. I think I feel safe enough to talk about it and to analyze it. And I've done so in like through other, like through sociology or anthropology, I've I've done this work of connecting the dots on what happened to me to the broader system. But this book in particular was very important to me.
And it meant a lot to me to be able to write down what happened with this perspective and trying to, yeah, like do more of this connecting work of sharing what happened to me in a way that can also shed light on the structures that allowed it and the way that it affects your life after the fact. So we tried to, well, you and I and the team and everyone that has been involved in this book really helped putting that together in a way that feels like it is about my story, but it is not just about my story.
And it is about something that is bigger than my story. So, yeah, it was really it was really beautiful and exciting to be able to write about it. And I do believe that it feels helpful when I read it. It feels helpful. Even if it wasn't my if it even if it wasn't my story, it feels like illuminating in a sense that we're not talking about like abstract things that happen somewhere far away, but things that happen very, very frequently to a lot of people that we know and love.
Yeah. And I we have probably six case studies of people's experiences that have happened, and that is the whole point is to be like, we do this rigorous intellectual work of defining a concept and telling its history and how it shows up and what the even we talk about some of the healing strategies of how you begin the journey of healing. But all of that is still conceptual work until you were located in the body. So even how we start the book with talking about the consequence of spiritual violence and white Christian supremacy feels like it's important because we are saying we're starting with the body and we're situating this crisis of our generation and generations prior in the body and what happens to our bodies.
And then from there, we do the historical deep dive around where did this come from, the possibility of this kind of violence. And it comes from these ideologies of white Christian supremacy. And then what are the so the ideas are white Christian supremacy and then the behaviors are spiritual violence. And then within this big umbrella of spiritual violence, there are few extreme versions of spiritual violence, which are spiritual terrorism and religious abuse. And then the consequence of spiritual violence is spiritual trauma.
Right. So we kind of try to bring it full circle. And that feels really important because it feels irresponsible to just focus on saying this is terrible, this is the problem, but not get to how we got here or what we should do going forward. And both of those feel like a very delicate balance between here is the problem and identifying it and going deep in that. And also now what?
Right. And something that usually happens when we share these concepts at workshops or conferences is that people. Because it is a diverse book, like internally diverse book in the approaches and the topics and the concepts. People really resonate with different parts of it. Yeah. So there's people that really, really, really needed to hear something about religious abuse and then there's people that really, really needed to hear something about spiritual trauma. And there are people whose lives, whose life experience is very similar to one of the study, the case study.
So they feel very like they go back to it and quote it often. And that happens all the time when we share this content. And that is intentional in a way that I think the book is crafted to be a catalyst for other conversations. And that differentiates it from other academic pieces of work that are like thought of as the means to an end. This is like the full completion of a research project or whatever. And this book is very intentionally not that we are not wanting to be the ultimate guidelines for what to do about spiritual violence.
We are putting together 30 years of work, hoping it can start other conversations. And that's why we are here. We are wanting to do this De Oloquia Asimberg-Huenza season with people that have read the book and that have things to say about how it relates to their lives as sinvergüenzas.
Yes.
And we are planning to do a bunch of workshops and a bunch of presentations and we are just like eager to see people interacting with this content. Yeah. I was also going to ask you about the tools that the book provides.
Yeah.
Because that is, I think it goes in line with what I was saying. This book is supposed to be a gift for people to keep talking about this. So it's a very interactive book. Yes. And it's filled with gifts that I would say are very, very valuable and helpful. So there's a bunch of little pieces that people can like actually like take and just share in a book club or in like a gathering with their friends and themselves are exercises for healing.
Would you like to share more about those?
Yes. Thank you for saying that. The appendices of this book are bulky and helpful. We hope there is notes where I give more context about things or other books that people can read if you're really interested in, like, tell me more about complex PTSD. This isn't a book about mental health specifically. So we don't go deep in there. Here's three paragraphs. If you want more, here's three or four more books that you can read. So I would say the notes section slash bibliography is a really helpful further reading kind of place or understanding if we're using words, for example, that are like Spanglish, that might be helpful there.
And then we have the things, I think, that get most often used in all of Soul Force work and in all of the work we do in the world, which we're finally putting pen to paper and giving out in the book, which are self assessment tools. So when we talk about spiritual violence, we're talking about them for 15 pages, whatever, and then you can turn to the back and there's like a checklist of like, have you ever experienced this? Were you ever taught that men were the head of household and therefore women's roles were to be submissive to them?
Were you ever told that God hated you because of your sexuality? Were you ever made to feel unwelcome because of how you dressed, etc., etc. So we have dozens of examples where folks can read these and be like, oh, that is an attack on my integrity as a human being, my human dignity in the name of God, because I was told the Bible said so without any more context than that. So a lot of times, our folks who have been identified as the black sheep of the group or the family, they're the rebels, they're the ones that are brave enough to ask questions or to not be satisfied with because God said so.
Kind of answer. So that we have that kind of checklist or self assessment for both spiritual violence and religious abuse. And I feel like that's really helpful. And then we have more appendices for each of those concepts that's like, OK, now I am having language that I can use to talk about these things that happen to me and I can name myself as a survivor of spiritual violence. Or I think I might have been and then what? And that feels like the last appendices that we do, which is healing strategies of where to start.
They're not that be all end all. It's not here is your personal mental health plan. It's here strategies that have worked for us, us being same vergüenzas that come from many different cultures, many different generations. And this is where you start. It's the beginning of the journey. It's the first step of, well, maybe you could do this, maybe you could do that and that's an entry point. And then the other appendices that we should mention is the visual analogy, which is very intense for some people, but it's also very helpful for those of us who are visual learners and need an analogy to understand the denser conceptual work.
Yes. Do you want to share more about that?
Yeah, I I think it's better if you look at the pictures. But basically we create this visual analogy with diagrams, making this comparison of white Christian supremacy to a weapons factory. So what does a weapons factory produce? It produces weapons. So what does white Christian supremacy produce? It produces spiritual violence and spiritual violence looks different in different forms and shapes. So we have different kinds of weapons and different kinds of ammunition that represent different kinds of spiritual violences to help us understand that there's spiritual violence that maybe feels like a BB gun pellet from across the backyard that's painful, it hurts, it's not lethal, it's not intended to be lethal, and maybe that's like what it feels like when you walk down the street holding, like when I walk down the street holding my partner's hand and
someone yells a slur at us because they think that we're not as good as them based in religious ideologies. All the way up to nuclear bomb, which is compared to genocide and colonization and enslavement, things like that. So it has it's a very short little diagram, but for many of us, it's helpful to have this analogy to be able to put the other concepts and its expressions in a concrete form. And we often get asked, like, why that violent metaphor? And I think part of it is because this is the only metaphor I could think of that talks about the thing that we're talking about with the seriousness that it deserves, because spiritual violence is one of those things that kills us, whether we kill ourselves by our own hand, whether the world kills us through
laws or just through exclusion in places like church or families or communities, this is a life or death conversation and the weapons factory, this intentional construction of things that cause harm through ideologies that are existing just to create these hierarchies and these binaries of good and bad. It feels like an appropriate analogy, even though it can be intense for some readers.
And right now, it's not the time to try to soften something that is just killing a lot of people. And I do believe that that visual analogy is so powerful, so helpful. I think it can spark a lot of conversations with people that might not be super interested in reading the concepts. We are very thankful for Bryony, the illustrator.
Yeah, amazing, Bryony.
And yes, I think that the whole book is usually with books that talk about so such complex topics, there's a bunch of work that you have to do to get into, to finally understand, like there's a bunch of layers that you have to dig through, which is also, which is exciting and fun. But what I love about this book is that you can take a chapter and read it to someone, and that chapter is enough to shed light on something and create a conversation that is meaningful, that is transformative.
And then someone else will read a couple of pages, will read a story out of the case studies, like whatever it is, like every part of the book is created as a gift that in itself can spark a lot of conversations. So it is, yeah, I like thinking of it like that, like gifts for many different people in many different parts of life.
Yeah, I could imagine it being really helpful for a book club to talk about these really tough issues that are happening in our communities, in our societies. If you are a social justice organization or group, I can imagine this being something that you study and read to be able to sharpen your language around what you do when the opposition is using religious and particularly Christian language to harm our people. I could imagine this being used in a classroom, whether it's a psychology classroom, whether it's a seminary, whether it's a social issues 101.
I actually can't think of a single social justice issue in our country right now that this book wouldn't benefit. Like if you're doing environmental justice or climate change work, then understanding how dominion is used in the Bible or in Christianity to say that humans get to just rape and exploit the earth, understanding how that works theologically or understanding how that works in our popular culture helps understand how we create a different narrative around that, like being caregivers for the world or being responsible for the world all the way through from reproductive justice to LGBT issues to gender justice to class and economy.
I mean, really, I can't think of a single area of work in this political moment all the way through fascism that isn't directly relevant to what we're talking about in this book.
Right. And it can and it can and should be also read by believers and churches. Yes. And that's the other thing that I want to highlight and thank you for because it is a book that talks about awful, complex topics and it does it through love and understanding and it doesn't feel like it's not debating believers is not trying to convert the believers into whatever. It's not trying to like it's not. I don't know how to explain this, but it's it doesn't feel like confront confrontational.
It feels it I think it's very clear as you read the book that it was written by people that care, yes, and that really love theology and love spiritual spirituality and love faith spaces and have experience inhabiting those spaces. And that is something that can be so, so helpful. I can see I can imagine people bringing one of the case studies to brunch with their family, their Christian family. I mean, like just sharing. And would you like to talk to me about how can we make this stop?
How how how why does this happen? Yes, why is this not biblical?
Yes, and I think it's so important to name that it's written by a Christian pastor. And we say this is a deeply faithful project. And for example, in the chapter about religious abuse, which is super difficult because we are talking about violation of of relationships, of intimate relationships and power dynamics between a faith leader and a congregate or a follower, it is some of the most icky and it includes child sexual abuse and grooming. I mean, it is really just some of the most icky, disgusting, morbid kind of conversations that we could have.
And we're not doing it as a finger pointing shame on you, church. We literally start the chapter by saying, because these are our sacred and precious spaces, we should be working over time to make sure that all the enter there are safe and protected.
Yes, yes. And I think you can feel that throughout the book. And I hope that through this conversation and through the rest of the episodes of this season, you can hear other perspectives and how it has impacted other people.
I'm so excited that we have episodes talking about voodoo culture and Brazilian Afro-Latine kinds of spiritual expressions that come out of African context and religions, many, many, many generations back. We have folks talking about what it feels like to live in a mixed status household around immigrants and really right now kind of lived experience and what that spiritually feels like. We have folks talking about what it's like to be part of a colony of Puerto Rico and connected to the US, which is another relevant conversation right now.
So we have the book and it is beautiful and so much love poured into that book.
And then hopefully the rest of the episodes from this season of The Teología Sin vergüenza are connected, not in that all of the season's episodes are going to be talking about the book. We're the only one that's going to be doing that. But we're talking about the same thing that's in the book. We're using those concepts to be like, OK, what is spiritual terrorism look like right now as an undocumented person or part of a family that has undocumented people in it right now?
How does that look feel in this moment? And that lived experience and the same thing. We do that through multiple lenses and hopefully for folks who are wanting more after they read the book, the podcast will give you more depth or a different insight and vice versa. Maybe you'll listen to an episode and be like, wow, that was so brilliant. What that person was talking about because my goodness, we have brilliant people who are guests appearing this season and that will make you want to understand more about what's going on in the book so that you can talk about it even more fluidly.
Yes. So thank you. Thank you. Thank you for staying. Thank you for joining us again on this new season. We hope you stay. As we were saying this season, we'll talk about the concepts in the book, but you don't have to read, have read the book to listen to this. It's not just us promoting the book. Although we should because it's amazing, but it's not just that it's more like expanding our understanding of spiritual violence through the lived experience of amazing humans, brilliant humans who have a lot of things to say.
Yes.
If you want to share more about your thoughts, if you want to maybe share your opinion on the book, we would love to hear your review. We would love to chat so you can email us at hello at soulforce.org or through our social media, Facebook or Instagram.
And you can look on the website, soulforce.org forward slash resources. And there's a preview so you can read the prologue, the intro, see the breakdown of the chapters, what we're doing there to see if this book is right for you.
Yes, there's all the information about the book will be listed in the description of this episode, wherever you are listening to it. And we will always be super excited to hear more about you. So make sure to to reach out. We are all humans behind the social media ready to to read your comments and engage in conversation with you.
Thank you so much.
Thank you. Bye. Bye.
Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology. I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences and imagine faith beyond violence. If you want to go deeper, you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena that Defile the Faith here in the show notes. You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org, where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction.
If something in today's dialogue resonated with you, maybe it stirred something and settled something or helped you find language for your own story, then you have found yourself in the right place.
Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content. Whoever you are and wherever you find yourself in this time, questioning, grieving, rebuilding or reclaiming, I am so grateful that you are here. May your theological imagination remain ever alive and may you find spaces that honor your full blessed humanity with hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding. Until next time, I'm Reverend Sex, and this is Shameless Theology.
▶ S2:02 — When Faith Becomes Control: Puerto Rico’s Christian Colonial History with Yolanda Santiago-Correa, Part 145 min 25 sec
Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, who is an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA plus people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the Executive Director at Soulforce, and I am honored and delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it.
This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith. Together we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together we name the harm, not as abstract theories, but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing, and we'll be doing plenty of that too. These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony.
You'll hear stories of resilience, liminality, code switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred, even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions, or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business, and pleasure, with Shameless Theology. Today we're talking about spiritual violence, not as an abstract idea, but as lived reality in bodies, churches, and nations.
Our guest, Yolanda Santiago Correa, grew up as a pastor's kid in Borinquen, who now does religious scholarship at the intersections of race, religion, and colonialism. In this conversation, she helps us name the embedded dependency between the U.S. and Puerto Rico, and how Christianity has been woven into that story in ways that shape Puerto Rican racial imagination and religious practice. One of my favorite things about Yolanda is that she always encourages us to keep asking questions, demanding that we move beyond reductive ways of thinking and into taking responsibility for ourselves, our communities, and our faith.
We're going to share this conversation in two parts. So today, we'll talk about spiritual violence as it relates to Puerto Rico's forced reliance on the United States, along with the historical entanglement of colonialism and Christianity. And then we'll dig into the messy politics of Latinidad. Yolanda helps us wrap our minds around rejecting binary thinking about purity and belonging, and ask what it might mean to queer the tools we've inherited for understanding race, identity, and faith. From reggaeton to racial gatekeeping, this conversation moves, and it refuses easy answers.
So buckle up, buttercup, because this is a juicy conversation. And without further ado, here is Yolanda Santiago-Correa. I just want to say hi, and thank you so much for being with us today. It's super, super cool to be here. And I am Alba Onofrio. I'm coming to y'all today from Durham, North Carolina, and tell us where y'all are.
Yeah, Yolanda Santiago-Correa, she/her pronouns. I'm coming from Spring Hope, North Carolina. So just about an hour away from where Alba is.
Yeah, how about you, Nadia?
I am a little bit further away. My name is Nadia. I am in Mexico City. I am very excited for this conversation. I love hearing you talk about your faith and your sinvergüenzura. That first time we had a conversation, and I am super excited to delve deeper into spiritual violence and your perspective or your experiences. Because I know there's a lot of it. So, yeah, let's start.
Yeah, let's go. OK, so I want to know, like, tell us a little bit about what you're thinking about for your writing for the spiritual violence book. And like, particularly, I thought you would be an amazing fit because you are you have this, like, long formation, both in Christianity and also, like, and it's like cultural resistance that comes out of the most creative, deep beings and also like African ancestry of Caribbean peoples. And so I'm like, you throw all this stuff together in a pot and make it look like this is what makes sense to me.
And so for a lot of our folks, maybe they don't know how Puerto Rico has been colonized, particularly in connection with Christianity. And a lot of folks don't even they're like, oh, it's a territory. It's like that's a colony. That is a colony. And we understand this as we understand the US as a colonizing. Yeah. So I want to just check in, like, tell us where you are, what you're thinking at this moment, wherever you want to start.
I was born and raised in Puerto Rico. And then after I finished college, I moved to North Carolina for divinity school with the intention to go back. And I didn't go back. It'll be 10 years this August since I left. And I didn't go back because the opportunity opened for doctoral work. And so I'm finishing now a Ph.D. in religion and culture. And I took the opportunity precisely because a lot of as I was doing my end to end of and this was between 2015 and 2018.
So you can kind of imagine politically what was going on in the United States. And I was in the US South. It was my first time living in the United States. I had never lived outside of Puerto Rico. And so, like, that's what I came into. And so it was a very intense experience. I was only 21 years old. And so I was also very young. And so coming into that, I feel like divinity school ended up creating a lot more questions for me that a Ph.D.
seemed like a good opportunity to explore and not only explore, but then also like answer. Not not because I had the answer, but because I realized that there is a very specific notion of what Puerto Rico is or what Puerto Ricans are in the United States that is very misinformed and that a lot of time it it's standing on very specific stereotypes of what it means to be what it was, what it means to look like about equal, like how we move in the world and the privileges that we have, which is very important to note that we are very privileged because we do have U.S.
citizenship by birth. But that is much more complicated than just saying that Puerto Ricans are U.S. citizens. There's a story of colonialism.
Tell us about that.
Yeah.
So Puerto Rico has never been free since the colonial times. And that's very important for me to always say, because I think that forms the imagination of Puerto Ricans in and outside the archipelago in a very particular way. So 1493, the Spanish came. They say it's Christopher Columbus. There is historical evidence that he actually never stepped on the island. But that's, you know, Spain was there. Yeah. We were colonized by Spain. And then in 1898, we were granted as a as a like war prize to the United States.
Obviously, there's more complicated, you know, points to that. But the gist is that. And since then, we've been a property of the United States. And so it's been more than 130 years at this point. And through all of that, we've gone through different periods, right, of recolonization, even though we've always been under that colonial power. And so citizenship was part of that. It was during the war. And so there's there's running theories that part of the the reasoning behind it was precisely so Puerto Ricans could go into the U.S.
military. And so you have scholars of Puerto Rican history that suggest that like that this was also part of the project is sending Puerto Ricans with this idea of like belonging to fight for the United States and die. People from the U.S. could come back as heroes and then the Puerto Rican would never come back. And so there's like the sacrificial lamb. Yeah, exactly. And people have contested this, but but I think it's it's important to know, right, that there's complications, that it's not that simple.
And that since the beginning, especially under the colonial rule of the United States, like Christianity and religion have been at the forefront of the U.S. project, colonial project, and that all of the decisions that are made over Puerto Rico have always had that undertone. So you can see, for example, during the text of the of 1898, the Spanish-American war, there were pastors in the United States preaching about what the United States taking over Puerto Rico and using the passages that refer to Joshua and taking over the land.
And like once God gives them this land, you know, it'll be ours. And the sort of like everything that you step on, that sort of rhetoric and saying like this is not only just politics, this is our divine right to a land that these people who are there, who are, you know, underdeveloped, dumb, lazy, all of these things don't have the like humanity, mental capacity to really take advantage of, appreciate whatever you want to say. And so it is the U.S.'s divine task to take over and wants to take it to never let it go.
And so you see that rhetoric repeated with like, you know, forced sterilization of women during a big time where women were being forced sterilized without their knowledge. And you see it in different iterations. And we're seeing it now with massive gentrification where people from the United States are coming and buying property. And and there has been explicit messaging from the Puerto Rican government saying, you know, we dream of a Puerto Rico when there is no Puerto Ricans. And so and that's been heavily backed up by Christian supremacist, you know, rhetoric.
And so it's really important that it became really important to me as I kept kind of having this conversation about Puerto Rico and understanding and seeing how people really did not know anything about about this tiny island and all of their point of reference to us was reggaeton or very specific like people in the public eye. Yeah. Then it became real important to me to also like do that work for myself and for my people, but also to say, like, no, we like if we're going to talk about Latinidad as a project, which is another thing, then we really need to talk very well about like what it means and not only for Puerto Rico, but for other places.
You know, it's not a monolith. We need to be specific and understand that each of us, like even within the same countries, like it can be really different if you come from the mountain than if you come from the city or if you come from the jungle or, you know. And so it was really important for me to do that work as I was being confronted by question. And so to sort of challenge the notion that the United States population, both within and outside of theological education, have about Puerto Rico, about Latinos, about the Caribbean and about the U.S.
and sort of like what the U.S. is doing for us, Puerto Ricans. Newsflash, they're not doing a lot. And I think we maybe the general population of the U.S. saw that much more after Hurricane Maria.
But I wanted to say, like a lot of times Christianity gets used as an excuse to colonize places historically because of indigenous practices and religious spiritualities in that place. It's like, well, they need to be converted to Christianity. But in the case of Puerto Rico, it was already Christian. So it wasn't like it was like these are these like indigenous religions that we have to like squash out in the name of Jesus. It was like already Christian when the U.S. colonized Puerto Rico.
And I don't know if you can tell us more about this, but I feel like the most important moment of impact for me around white Christian supremacy and how it functioned on Puerto Rico in particular was this map that exists where it's like of the Protestant churches. Yeah. And it's like got all for people who haven't seen this, like it's got literally the map of Puerto Rico and like little boxes, like it's like a grid almost. And each box is assigned a different denomination and denominations that like are generally justice seeking or like denominations like Disciples of Christ and like the Quakers.
And like they are literally assigned a piece of Puerto Rico. And I remember visiting the Levitt's there and literally it's like a line of like this town, San Sebastian, has this is, you know, Presbyterian because the Presbyterians were assigned that chunk of land literally to colonize. And like that's still true a lot today in that. So do you do you know the map I'm talking about?
Yeah, yeah, yeah, I do. I do. I have the picture somewhere. I can share it if you ever want to keep it. Yeah. So it's really interesting. So I'm not a historian by trade, but but that's always been something that really interesting because another part of that, of this, of my story that sort of gets me into this is that I'm a pastor's kid. My mom is an ordained minister of the Methodist Church. My dad was an ordained elder as well until he passed.
And I'm an only child. I grew up sort of in that, you know, my mom became a pastor first. Her first appointment she got 25 years ago. So I was like five, six years old. Yeah. And then my dad became a pastor right after. But even before they became ordained ministers, they were active leaders in the church. And so ever since I was born, sort of that was my life. But because my life was within a pastoral family, I also got, I don't know if you want to call it privilege or not, you can sort of decide of seeing a lot of the backstage, like operational, very institutional ways that churches work.
And because of that, like I caught wind of things like this very early and was kind of in that conversation as well. And so, yeah. So this map, I don't know the specific year, but you can find online after, you know, the United States was taking over, which is another thing that's really interesting. So you mentioned, right, Puerto Rico was already Christian, but it was Catholic. And so it's really interesting that in Puerto Rico's case, you see that in other places of Latin America, Catholicism predominates very intensely in terms of the Christian faith.
And in Puerto Rico, although the Catholic church is very strong and Catholic practices had also bled into our cultural practices, which is another thing that we can talk at another time. Protestantism and especially Pentecostalism took hold very, very intensely. And part of it initially was that the heads of the Protestant churches met at that point. I don't know if there were bishops or anything, I don't, don't quote me on this, but it was just sort of the people who were assigned and it was not only connected to them, divided the island in terms of ministry, but it was also I learned about land ownership.
So it was also connected to the specific businesses that were in each area. So what were the specific like agricultural like things that were being grown? Was it sugar? Was it agriculture? Was it the cities, you know, and the education? What what was the thing? So it was more than just like proselytizing or evangelizing. It also had a business and sort of political and economic reasoning behind it, which is really interesting. And so they sat down around the table and they looked at a map and they split it in parts.
And it's like all the Methodists are going to go here and all the disciples of Christ are going to go here and the Baptists are going to go here. And so the interesting thing is that when Pentecostalism came, it took Puerto Rico by storm, but it did not really like alter sort of the holds that these denominations have over specific areas. And so even though the influence of Pentecostalism is wide and it has like not only strengthened Pentecostal churches and movements, but also influence, you know, these mainline denominations to the point where as a Methodist myself, when I moved to the United States and interacted with Methodism here, I was just like, yeah, this is weird.
I don't like this. They were like, oh, Methodists don't do that. And I was like, well, maybe not in the U.S., but I know a lot of Methodists that do this. So, yeah. But beyond that, like it's state. And so you can still sort of see the remnants of that. So, for example, La Iglesia Metodista Methodist Church was the north. And so in Arecibo, in one of the towns, there's 14 Methodist churches in a single town. And so you can kind of still see the echoes of this decision that was made and that even though things have shifted over time and everything, like it's sort of the colonial and history, like the echoes of it are still there and you kind of can still see the skeletons of of churches deciding to to do that and it being motivated by more than just, you know, their perceived divine, you know, task of evangelizing people out of Catholicism because of whatever perspectives or perceptions they had about the Catholic Church.
It was also economic and it was also in the interest of connecting back to the establishment of institutions and all of that, and feeding back into U.S. politics and white nationalism and supremacy and all of that.
Right, because, like, I've spent a little bit of time on the island, but my biggest experience, as they said on the island, which I found to be exactly true, just hanging out with people on farms and stuff is like you can they said you can stick your thumb in the ground and plant a seed and literally anything will grow because the soil is such a fertile land. And yet what the people imports, like, I don't know, 85, 90 percent of its food.
And it's like that is that like economic dependency model that makes it so it seems like the U.S. is offering like we're taking care of Puerto Rico who can't take care of themselves. But it's this embedded dependency model that makes that's like built into a Christian like motif of charity and care.
And yeah, and it's like that across everything, you know, because it's it's the it's the you can tell, you know, with agriculture, it's the case. And yeah, I think if I'm not mistaken, I might be wrong, but I think in total, if there was ever a crisis and we couldn't import food, I think there's enough food in Puerto Rico for like two weeks for everybody to eat and then it would be done. There will be no more food because in case you don't know, there's some there's laws that impede Puerto Rico from receiving anything from anything anywhere that is not any ships that is not the U.S.
And so, for example, if a product that we are getting is from Colombia and Puerto Rico, it did not come directly to us from Colombia. It goes from Colombia to the U.S. to get a change to a U.S. boat and then come back to Puerto Rico. So we paid double the taxes.
Yeah, and that's what happened with even relief for things like hurricane.
Yeah, yeah. And so it was only lifted for 14 days. So La Ley Foraker, the Jones Act, all of these, you can kind of do your research. It was lifted for 14 days under the previous Trump administration and then it was closed down again. And so there was a lot of aid that didn't excuse me, didn't get to make it to the island that a lot of countries were wanting to send stuff but were unable to. And then on top of that, a lot of it got went to waste.
And so you can there's still pictures, aerial pictures of like water and food and all sorts of like medical resources that would send that weren't distributed for whatever reason. And they went to waste. And so 4,000, almost 5,000 people died during Hurricane Maria or because of the direct effects of the hurricane. And a lot of them could have been avoided if infrastructurally we were better. But but as I'm saying, like it's everywhere, you know, it's the same situation that we're having with the privatization of electrical energy in Luma, where there is projects that have been done to research that says that Puerto Rico could potentially run fully on renewable energy.
And that's because of the sun, right, the amount of sun that we get during the year because we're an island, there's no winter or not in the same way that everyone else. But also because archipelago surrounded by water. So you have hydroelectric systems that could potentially like run a full island on a renewable electrical grid. But obviously that doesn't benefit U.S. interests. It doesn't benefit like political interest in Puerto Rico because that's the other thing that goes into all of this is that the colonial mentality is so strong and influences so much that you can not only blame people from the United States or governments from the United States.
You also have to look at how Puerto Ricans themselves, especially Puerto Ricans in power, have adopted this mentality and have fed into this colonial matrix of power and see themselves as active members of this sort of utopic Puerto Rico with no Puerto Ricans. And so, like, if you ever caught wind of what was happening in 2019 in Puerto Rico with Governor Ricky Rosselló at that point and how he was taken down from the office by the people, by the people. Yeah.
Part of what motivated or a big like what motivated that was the public, the sharing of a chat, a private chat where they were, you know, admitted to all sorts of things. And among all of those like crimes and messages and all sorts of things that they were saying, you know, derogatory things, sexist things, homophobic things, racist things, all of that. There was a message that I believe it was Edwin Miranda who said, like, you know, I saw the future and it was beautiful.
There was a Puerto Rico without Puerto Ricans and this is a Puerto Rican man. But he like is feeding into that into that mentality of like it's detaching from Puerto Rico as an identity and seeing themselves as like outside of that or or wanting to redeem that in a way that like extracts from it, you know, any sort of trace of anything other that is not whiteness and sort of the United States and all of this. And so to me, it's mind boggling because then you have all of these messages that clearly tells you that the U.S.
does not care about Puerto Rico, like most of its inhabitants, especially its government, don't care. Like you have, you know, examples of this comedian a couple of months ago that said that Puerto Rican was a floating island of garbage and all of these things that clearly message that this dream that they've been sold is literally just like a dream meant to co-opt the mentality of the people. And yet they're still like, no, we're going to get there. You know, we're going to it's going to be better, you know, and they're going to help us and they're going to save us.
And a lot of that rhetoric comes from Christianity, unfortunately.
Yeah. And that seems like it's connected to what I hear a lot of times with Latinos, Latinas and Latinas who come to the U.S. of like in the countries that we come from, we are not Latino, Latina, Latina, like that doesn't exist. We are Puerto Rican. We are Colombian. We are Mexican, whatever. And then we come here and there's something that I feel really passionately about is this absorption of that thing that or like you get labeled this thing that's cultural.
But if you like fit on this end of the spectrum, then you assimilate to whiteness with this promise of the American dream that is very connected with like prosperity, gospel, like God blessing us as good people. And if you don't fit into that, you get put in this category of black or some other form of non whiteness. And that's really shocking for a lot of folks who are like, I mean, in many years of being in community, it's just like I was never any of this over there and now I am.
And there's this project to like literally put this cultural label of like Hispanic or whatever. But really, it's this like now we're racialized into these categories that don't make any damn sense. And it allows for whiteness to swallow up huge pieces of us that then makes so many of us vote against our own best interests and against our community's best interests because we're doing this assimilation model. And I remember like. Having another conversation with Guyla from the Afro-Latina Theology Project, where she was like there was this moment where I realized like.
Oh, God can love me as a black woman, like as a Latina and a black woman, and this like imposed idea that God was white forever, like forever without us even knowing. And that kind of weird like doesn't fit racial stuff, but that like has so many of our people colluding with white supremacy. And it sounds like exactly what you were saying about this elected official being like Puerto Rico without Puerto Ricans, even though that person is Puerto Rican.
Yeah.
And very weird thing. Right.
Yeah. I feel like the sort of identity politics of Latinidad itself are just like such an interesting thing, because even when you're saying like and, you know, and I think about my experience in Puerto Rico, it's not even about like, oh, I was there, I was Puerto Rican. Not even like it's just about what town are you from? Like you talk to people and it's like, oh, de donde tu eres? De Bayamon, de Ponce, you know, and it's the same for other people.
You know, I've interacted with people from Mexico and it's like, oh, yo soy de Mexico, but they would be like, yo soy Oaxaqueño, yo soy Sonorense, like it's very important to claim that specific thing, because, again, not a monolith. And then you get here and Latino becomes this thing. Right. And I say Latino specifically with an O, with a purpose. And it becomes like Latino. And this is sort of the thing, you know, mi gente Latino sort of mentality. And it's just totally homogenous.
Yeah. And so now you have to feed into here and you have to sort of accustom to this existence. And depending on where you are in the United States, that might mean that you are not even represented by that sort of Latino brought in mentality, because like, for example, I live in North Carolina now and lived before, but I lived in Texas for five years. And in Texas, the predominantly Latinx culture in Texas is Mexican. Amazing does not represent anything that I am.
And so every time people would be like, oh, we're celebrating Latinos. And then I walk into a room and it's mariachi and papel picado and tamales and pique. I'm like, I love this business, not celebrating me at all. I do not relate to this. I did not learn any of this until I came to the United States. So my point of reference in interaction with this culture is the same as you, as any other person who is non-Mexican. And so the same, you know, it can be said true for people who go to the North.
And it's like it's full of Dominicans and Puerto Ricans. And so, for example, somebody from Paraguay maybe goes there and they're like, this is not like I don't eat mofongo, I don't eat mangú, I don't like.
There's no other words.
Exactly. And the expectation is like there's this umbrella that came because of the census. Right. So we got Latino because the census needed. To put all of these people under who because again of the colonial history of Latin America, we're not identifying themselves as black and or definitely not as black or we're identifying themselves as white and the white people are like, wait, but they're not. They're not white and so they need another category. So Latinidad is a colonial project. I'm sorry if that makes you upset.
Just FYI, it is. And it's a homogenizing project, right? Because it's a project that is erasing all of these differences, even within countries themselves, cultures within countries themselves, and then saying we all fit into this model. And because we're all seeking the American dream, what is hidden under that is projects of blanqueamiento, right? And you see that in history where it's like each of our generations is lighter than the previous and more disconnected than the previous until that is gone.
And that's a good thing.
Yes, and that is a great thing, right? It's the thing that we aspire to because that means progress. It means access. It means more money. It means jobs. And so, and the problem is that, again, it becomes really complicated because we can't necessarily police. For example, I interact with students who are like, ah, my parents no me enseñaron español, right? I don't speak Spanish. I only speak English, blah, blah, blah. And it's like, yeah. And also we can't necessarily police their decision because they're living into a reality where they know that you are persecuted for speaking Spanish.
That's still a thing-speaking English without an accent.
Exactly. And so it's how that becomes necessary and how we don't clock that as we are trying to survive, we're also feeding into that project. As we're trying to kind of get further, like do stuff for our people, we also end up like working in favor of all of these things like, you know, with Latinidad, with mestizaje, you know, with the use of the word brown. And it's like, oh, we're all brown. It's like, no, we're not all brown. You know, what are you saying when you say that?
Like, we're not all mixed people. And like, what is behind us failing to claim black when we are black? So saying, no, no, no, yo soy brown. It's like, okay, so anti-blackness first. And then second of all, where are we failing also in terms of like exploring what is happening when Latinos who are light skinned or are white are like, no, I'm brown. And it's like, no, it doesn't make you any less Latino, but you do benefit from being a white person and moving in the world in that way.
But we were like, we're not comfortable with that conversation again, because we have been fed this rhetoric of like, you might not be white, but at least you're not black like the black persons. So we're a minoritized community, African Americans or Africans themselves. And then we're like, and because you're not here, you get to keep aspiring because at some point, you know, seven generations into the future, 10, it'll get to a point where your kids will be white. And you'll get to thank God because you did that.
And so we have representations, for example, like there's this painting in Brazil. I'm trying to remember the name. If it comes to me, I'll say it. But it's this grandmother, black, visibly black woman. And then her daughter is mixed and marries a white man and her grandchild is white. And so it's a picture of all of them. And she's sort of like lifting her hands in praise, because we like in three generations, they erased the blackness. So you have a very visibly black mother, a mixed daughter, and then a white grandchild.
So it's like three generations, we achieved it, we did it. And so it's like, that's what's behind it, right? It's wanting to do that. And how all of these other things like patriarchy, anti-blackness, anti-indigeneity, you know, racism, ableism, all of these things fit into that same project. And we continue to play into it. And Christianity is a big tool of that, unfortunately.
Yeah, and it's complicated. So complicated. Because for me, for example, as half Colombian, half Appalachian, white, Southern Mountain, whatever, it's like, for those of us not raised in community or not, who don't speak Spanish or who don't know the food or who aren't in any kind of hub of community, Latinidad for me was the way that I understood what was happening to me. In a Scotch-Irish context, where I was always the dark one. And that is a very different thing than in Miami, where I'm like, way on the light side, could be white, whatever.
And so that's really complicated. And also the Latinidad of like, I'm trying to figure out, and this is a little bit adjacent, but I think it has to do with this Latin American and US as its diaspora of Latin America conversation. Or when we talk about white Christian supremacy and spiritual violence, it's like, they're all these folks that I talk to who because they don't speak Spanish, or because they don't know the food, or because they aren't connected with their home country, or with their madre tierra, through family lines, are like, I guess I'm just white, so I'm just going to be white.
And it's like, your ancestors are not happy about this. I am very committed that your ancestors want to be claimed also. But doing that, where our only option in this frame is Latinidad, which was literally constructed for this assimilationist project, that's where that stuff gets really complicated. So I'm always trying to think about like, how do we capture more of our white Latinos back? It's okay that you don't speak Spanish. It's okay that you've never been home. It's okay. Those things don't make the blood that runs through your veins any less connected to where you come from.
It just means we have work to do. And especially when I'm going to deal with the thought into a narrative of improving anything about our race, our culture, our family, our people, whatever. And it's like, so it's a super complicated conversation because we use the tools we have. But also, we got to clear the tools because that was exactly what you say of like, so many folks that I have in community, like newly arrived immigrants who come from the Caribbean, particularly Dominican Republic, and they're like, what do you mean African American?
Right? Because in the US South, there is no context for Latinos apart from Mexican in general. And so it's like, you don't fit the only category of white, Black, Mexican is Black. And then we have all these conversations, right? And so it's like, that imperialist project clearly does not fit at all. But then Christianity kind of comes and is like, we're all one in Christ.
Yeah, and it's complicated, because then you have also conversations about ways in which there's also the gatekeeping of Blackness in the United States. And saying like, oh, you know, Black people from the United States, African Americans, don't want Latinos to claim Black. And it's like, yes. And also, there's a history of anti-Blackness within the Latinx community. So there's also a distrust that is totally fair. Because it's like, why are you wanting to utilize this? Do you understand the history of what it means to be Black in the United States?
Because if you do get racialized that way, the people who are racist don't really care what language you speak. And that's not their point of reference, right? They don't care. They don't. So it's also like our responsibility as well to understand that when we're coming into the United States. And at the same time, to fight against that. Because I think what this goes back to, which also connects to Christianity, is the concept of purity, right? And it's like, there's pure categories that we must fit into, right?
And that has to do with gender, has to do with race, it has to do with everything. And so it's like, there is this box, and you must fit in there, because we need, and it's also an impulse, a human impulse that our brains have, this is my psychology major coming through, we like to see patterns, right? We recognize patterns, our brains are wired to recognize patterns. And so because of that, that has fed into our social operations. And so socially, we're like, we need the pattern, right?
I need a category, I need a word, I need the thing. And so the concept of purity comes into that. And so then it's like, it's a colonial project, but we don't have anything for children who are mixed and don't get to like purely say, I was born in this country, or I speak this language, or I belong to this indigenous place. It's like, no. So then how do we expand our conversation to see how we are being gatekeepers, how we are essentializing certain things, and at the same time, place emphasis on how important it is to, if you don't have those things, make the effort to try to return to them, not because they will make you more Latino or less or whatever, but because this is part of preservation against the colonial project that's seeking to erase it.
How do we reframe that and also fight against this notion of purity that is misinterpreted, right, from the concept of Christianity, that is also influencing you because you're being shown a Christ who was white. And so I always think about children, right? And I was, again, I'm very privileged because as two parents that are ministers, I get to have a lot of this conversations with a lot of nuance early. And so I feel like some of these things didn't affect me in the same way.
And so I need to recognize that publicly, because that was a privilege, right? There were certain protections that I had from spiritual violence and religious trauma and all of that because of, like, my parents' own commitments in their role. But, you know, think of the mind of children. Children are very literal. And so if you are being like, este Jesu, right, and you're showing them a Jesus that is white, and then you're like, you know, we are all created in the image of Christ, because this Christ is holy.
And then you look at a picture of this Christ, and this Christ looks nothing like you. Cognitively, that has an effect, because it's like, the divine doesn't look like me, the divine looks like this person. And so that means that if I don't have it, I need to make sure that my future generations have it, and that they can be closer to the divine. And so you have whole books from, especially the African American community in the United States, that are talking about, like, what does it mean when we racialize Christ a certain way?
And with our stained glass windows, and the pictures that your grandma has in the house, and the coloring books, and the Bibles that are graphically illustrated, that you are shown this Christ is white, with straight hair, you know, and it looks nothing like you. Like, that has an impact, cognitively. And so if you're a child, especially growing up in this tradition, you're like, I'm not created in the image of Christ, it's not for me, because I don't look like them. And then you get fed all of this socially as well, that it's like, oh, and then I'm also like, not fitting into this category purely, because I'm either like, too white, or not white enough, or too black, or like, speak this way, or like, we're centralizing Spanish.
And then you have people who don't even speak Spanish, because they speak like, Quechua, or Nahua, or other languages, or, you know, you have people in Brazil who speak Portuguese, and then it's just like, how does the Latino project also is anti-black in like, a centralizing Hispanic ancestry, and like, Haiti no importa, and Suriname no importa, and Brazil no importa, and Guyana no importa, and it's like they're there. If we're talking about Latino, in terms of how they define it as a category, it's about geographical location.
So like, yeah, how do we how do we do that? But again, we're queering it. We need the purity and also the colonial matrix of power needs the purity, because that's what helps with categorizing, that's what helps with, you know, all of the rhetoric that we're seeing politically right now, especially in the context of the United States, and sometimes even in Latin America itself, where it's just like, this is the dream. And you need to do everything religiously, socially, economically, until you can you can get to that point.
Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology. I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences, and imagine faith beyond violence. If you want to go deeper, you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence Religious Phenomena that Defile the Faith here in the show notes. You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org, where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction.
If something in today's dialogue resonated with you, maybe it stirred something and settled something or helped you find language for your own story, then you have found yourself in the right place. Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content. Whoever you are, and wherever you find yourself in this time-questioning, grieving, rebuilding, or reclaiming-I am so grateful that you are here. May your theological imagination remain ever alive, and may you find spaces that honor your full, blessed humanity.
With hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding, until next time, I'm Rev. Sex, and this is Shameless Theology.
▶ S2:03 — Their Calling, My Body: A Pastor’s Kid Story with Yolanda Santiago-Correa, Part 235 min 56 sec
Axis Mundi. Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA+ people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the executive director at Soulforce and I am honored and
delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it. This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith. Together we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together we name the harm, not as abstract theories but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing and we'll be doing plenty of that too.
These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony. You'll hear stories of
resilience, liminality, code-switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred, even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business and pleasure with Shameless Theology.
All right, as promised, today's episode continues the conversation that we started last week with the incredible Yolanda Santiago-Correa, una sinvergüenza scholar, survivor of spiritual violence, and a preacher's kid. If you haven't listened to last week's episode, you may want to go back and get caught up. Today our conversation takes a more personal turn. We spend some time talking about the expectations that are often put on pastor's kids to become some extension of their parents' ministries, the important ways in which Yolanda's parents try to protect her from that, and the struggles she experienced anyway growing up in a world where she was expected to fit into one box or another,
even though none of them were truly safe. We talk about the dangers of white Christian supremacist pursuit of purity and why this is a harmful system that appeals to the disenfranchised. We consider the importance of enfleshment and how we might reduce harm, but keep the faith. I love that we get to share her wisdom and experience with our community. And now, the second part of our conversation with Yolanda Santiago-Correa. Will you tell us a little bit more about your experience of like, I think it's so critical because children are literal.
We think that means they're simple and like they can't handle nuance,
but you've said like, I had nuance conversations from the time I was young and that provided a lot of protection against the spiritual violence that happens when we go through that process of being like, we're not good enough or we're not like Christ enough or we're too this or not enough. We can talk about, you talk about your experience with the PKs and I would love to hear more about that. I would love to like, connect the dots for us around that and your experience.
Growing up as a pastor's kid, I feel like, I won't say that I was completely, ¿cómo se dice? Like, safe is not the right word.
You weren't like immune to it.
Immune, that's the word. I wasn't completely immune to it because there's dynamics, right, that are not the responsibility of my parents and just happened. And I think this also has to do with the fact that my mom was a pastor first. I think that also has a really big part of it. Both my parents, unfortunately, in many ways, had been victims of spiritual and religious violence and trauma in ways. And so as they received their call to ministry, especially my mom, was very committed to, you are not the pastor.
So you do not need to respond to these people. They do not pay you. You are not a topic. And that is a thing up to this day. Like, still to this day, every time she goes into a new church, she's like, I have a daughter. This is what she does. Not a topic of conversation. Not the pastor. Doesn't owe you anything. And so even that granted me a lot of freedoms from spiritual trauma and religious trauma that pastor's kids and also the children of anybody in ministry, because we talk about pastors, but just leadership in the church in general, like the pressures that the church can impose that end up being traumatic and the ways that people
can utilize pastor's children. That's from everything to imposing, you know, this, this idea of perfection is like, you're the pastor's kid. So you're subjected to a higher moral and ethical rule than everybody else. And so you need to, you stop being a kid and then you become another member of the ministerial team. And so everybody's looking at you and everything that you do, like it's, it's more policed and more judged than everybody else because it's like, it's almost like it, it becomes an extension of your parents position for you to also act as the chosen of God, you know?
And it's a very, and it's a very like,
you're like the proof of whether or not what they're preaching is true.
It's true. Yes, exactly. And so my mom specifically wanted very badly to protect me from that. Every time I had questions, we would have conversations about it because especially I was growing up in the early two thousands, I was an avid reader, still am, and was a very obsessed with like fantasy and things like that. So I was reading like Harry Potter and all these things that during that time, like that's demonic, you know, like you cannot do that, you know, and I was obsessed with like vampires.
So I was watching all the Twilight movies and reading the books. And I was, you know, I, I thought, I swore that I was emo. So I was wearing like black eyeliner and all these things. And that was very shocking. Culturally, it was normal,
but at church, it was just like, I was walking around being like Expelliarmus and they're like, oh my gosh, she's invoking the things, you know? But I think one of the strategies, and I say this because I think it's important for us communally, whether we are parents or we provide care or support to anybody, this is a strategy that always works, is that my mom, she was like, oh, you want to read this? Cool. I'm not going to tell you that you can do it.
I'm going to go and sit down and read it to you. Tell me what are you reading? Mira que fueron and they did this thing and she's like, oh, really cool. What happened next? Instead of censorship and extreme repression, which is usually what happens with, especially with pastor's kids,
with children in church in general, but with pastor's kids, their strategy was like, cool, let us accompany you through this. And then let us recommend you, like, maybe you shouldn't interact with this. And these are the reasons why. So it wasn't just, “Ah, que eso es del diablo.”. It's like, no, no, this is the explanation. And sometimes I was like, I really don't agree. And they would be like, cool. The rule of this house is this thing. Like, this is as much as you can do.
And so it was a negotiation constantly where I had agency and power. And I think that, like, formed me a lot. And also enabled that I'm still within the church, like a lot of pastor's kids end up leaving precisely because there's not that level of protection. And mind you, I said,
not completely immune. Like, I was heavily, like, people would comment about my clothing, like, the first time that I had a boyfriend, he was from the church too. And it was just a mess. Like, everything was just, like, the first time I ever got my period, I will never forget. Thankfully, bless God forever for my mom. But thankfully, like, when I got to that age, like, the women in the church were, like, invested. And they're like, ¡Ay, le cantó el gallo!.
She's like, period. And I was just like, you don't need to know if I got my period. Like, that's not none of your business. But it's these things that, like, sometimes even may seem, like, innocent. It's just like, oh, that's what we culturally do.
But then it's this constant thing of, like, everything that you do is being watched. Everything that you do is being judged. And you can't participate socially in the same way, because you're supposed to be separated. And that can affect you in many ways. Like, when I was in seventh grade, I will never forget, there was this kid, one of the most popular kids was having a birthday party. And he was handing out invitations. And he gave one to everybody.
And then when he got to me, he was like, ah, pero tu eres santita, so you don't go. And he took it away. So I was the only person in my classroom, I think, in my whole grade that wasn't invited to that party. That wasn't my parents' fault. But it's a direct, you know, effect of, like, this is what happens when you're, like, identified in a certain way socially. It provided me a lot of privileges in certain ways. But it also, like, made me be a particular way.
And I think, cognitively, it fed into my need to be perfect. Because even though I wasn't receiving that messaging from my parents, I was receiving it socially. And so I felt very responsible to be the, like, el ejemplo, you know, tu eres el ejemplo, like, you are the example you need to be. And it's still something that I'm fighting against, that the church very heavily added to, because I was just like, everybody's looking at me, I need to always, and I become not just Yolanda, the representative of this family, who ultimately, like, is being paid by the church.
So I think, and this is the other thing, and especially for Methodism, like, the house that I lived in,
the food that I ate, everything was dependent on my mom and my dad staying employed by the church. So I also silently received the messaging, I can't screw this up. Because if they get fired, I don't have a house. Like, there's no money on our table. And contrary to sometimes what ministry looks like in the United States, in Puerto Rico, you're not gaining a lot of money by being a pastor. Like, you're not going to become rich. You're like- Which is why you live in the church's house.
Exactly. And so it's like, these are things that I obviously, I'm been, I realized as an adult, but they were there. And so it's messaging that now I realized that, dang, this is trauma. Because this was messaging that I was receiving that was putting this burden on me, that even with all of the protections that my parents provided, was still there. And so then I imagine for people who don't have those protections, because they don't have a parent, or a caretaker, or somebody who knows that these things happen within the church, that people, like, utilize Christianity for harm.
And not only for harm psychologically or emotionally, but also, unfortunately, sexually, like physical harm. If you don't have those protections, obviously,
you're going to be gone. Because then you're seeing this God, and it's like, they're preaching all these things from the altar. But I'm living this life that feels like I don't know myself, my body, everything that my body is doing is wrong. Everything that my friends are doing is wrong. So I'm isolated from community. And it's just like, it's the church or nothing. And that can be very
harmful. It can be very, very harmful. It's almost like a form of spiritual terrorism. When we talk about spiritual terrorism as this intersection of like many identities that are targeted as like, that's evil, that's bad. And it kind of like creates this surround of like, there's nowhere to escape, or there's nowhere to be safe. And it sounds like in this different way, which is totally how a lot of us who grow up in like, very, very strict religious cults, or fundamentalist homes, feel that same kind of terrorism, even when it isn't the same kind of structural level out in the world.
But it's like, especially in places where churches are
the center of community. And church is it like surrounds you because you're not free from it at school, like you talked about the experience with that boy and his birthday party, you're certainly not free from it at church. But when the house that you live in and the food that you eat is provided by the church, even at home is inescapable from that pressure from that, like, you know, that loop, that loop, like the microscope on your everyday life, all of that stuff.
And what's at stake is like, so high. Of course, I'm sure if something happened, your parents would be like, you're the fault, it's your fault that we're not, don't have our jobs. But as the person, as the child, in that scenario, I know that it certainly feels like that. And it's a danger when
it is so connected to your employment, which is like, yeah, totally connected to the Industrial Revolution, where people had to have a signed note from their pastor in order to get a job in a factory to be like, this is an upstanding citizen. And those things were connected to each
other, right? Those of us who currently are at some point, like depended on the church for survival, monetary wise, it makes your relationship with Christianity, very different. So we were talking about me being a pastor's kid, right? And sort of how that happened, and how even with certain protections that I was privileged to have, I still experienced that. And I think something that was added to that, that maybe connects to all of this is also, again, the particular time that I was growing up.
And I talked about the markers in US culture, right? That was fed into Puerto Rico. So like Harry Potter, and, you know, The Hunger Games, all of these things like Twilight and vampires and all of that. But then I also have to talk about the other side, which was
what was happening in Puerto Rican culture at that point. So when my mom started pastoring, I was two, the year 2000. So this is when reggaeton is on the rise, right? So socially, you're seeing the transition from reggaeton being like, this thing that mostly black persons or poor persons do, that is heavily policed. And when I mean police, when I say police, I mean that literally, so like people weren't, were being legally prosecuted for participating, distributing, whatever it was, like, if you want to hear more about this really interesting history, you can look, there's a podcast called Loud, that is narrated by Ivy Queen on the history of this
development, super interesting. So go do that. But she talks about how, you know, initially, a lot of the funders of this because of how like negatively viewed it was, was, you know, narcotrafico, drug money, it was sort of like this underworld scene. And in the early 2000s, you start seeing the transition from this being something that's like, understood that way, to being something that is still understood as negative, but now is exploding all over the world.
And so you're having exponentes del género like Daddy Yankee, like Tego Calderón with teams like Gasolina, like “Rompe”, like El Abayarde as an album, that suddenly it's like, this thing got extracted, and these people are getting rich. And so the church, and like the government is still saying like, this is wrong. Like this is influencing the minds of our youth.
Like it's like terrible. But now it's like our popular culture. As a child, you are heavily immersed when you're growing up that constantly, every school party, every celebration, like every bus drive that we took for a for a road trip, whatever it was, it was reggaeton. And this was influencing not only our music, but it was influencing fashion, it was influencing the like la jerga, so like the the slang of the time, it was our point of reference, it was everything.
And so when this is also happening, and then you have the messaging of the church that's already saying and policing all these things, and focusing on particular things of your identity that are wrong, whether that is racially, in terms of gender, sex, or anything like that. Now it's like also focusing on the thing that everybody around you is doing, because it's the cool thing. And it's just like, dang, okay, now what do you do? Because it's like this notion of like, ser recatado, and purity, and saving yourself, especially around the topic of sex, right?
And your sexuality.
And then you're having a society, a popular culture, that's heavily sexual, extremely connected to the body, while receiving this messaging of the church that, although it like one of its basic tenets is the incarnation of Christ, and the fact that Jesus became flesh, is saying like, no, you need to separate from anything that is of the flesh, to like, focus on the spirit, right? And your soul, which can have its value, right? And this is the thing that all these things needs to be nuanced.
But in the sort of like, very strict, like, extreme place, you're having a very detached culture, and then a very embodied culture. And they're both who you are,
because it's like, yo soy cristiano, and this is part of my identity, whether I'm a kid growing in that, you know, is that my parents taught, or I arrived at it as a teenager, which also happened, or anything like that, that it's like, pero yo soy puertorriqueño. Y alrededor del mundo, what are Puerto Ricans being known for? Still, to this day, I traveled to Latin America, and they're like, oh, you speak like Daddy Yankee. Like, oh, I've been told, like, oh, my God, you speak just like Anuel, you know, all of these things, like, that's the cultural reference that a lot of people had.
And that has its positive things, and its negative things. But ultimately, it's like, this is the global representation at this moment of time that represents the people who are ethnically and racially being told that I'm part of. And this other group that I'm also part of, that is my community that I like, engage with so fully, because at this time, the culture in Puerto Rico of the church, which still predominates, but especially during this time was still very strong, is like, you're going to church almost every day of the week, regardless.
Or if you're not going any every day, at least three times a week, you're at church, because you're going para el culto de oración, you're going to like, kids or youth ministry, and then you're going to
service. And then there's like the anniversary or something like that. So it's like, very heavy. And then you're having this other one, that is also at the same time doing what the church is doing, which is the other side of it. Even the non-Christian people who are at church, when they see you engaging in culture, they're like, pero tú no eres de la iglesia, what are you doing here? So it's also you're receiving rejection. Because if you're trying to make that connection, they're like, no, no, no, you have to choose a side.
You cannot be both things at the same time, either tú eres puertorriqueño, or you are Christian. And so that also then creates an identity, because then you're like, these are all the things that racially, ethnically form your
identity, who you are. And they also form your gender expression, you know, all of these other things, all of that. So all of it is being pushed. And so you're in the middle like, okay, what am I going to do? How am I going to live into this? And how am I going to form, especially during such a like formative time as your childhood and your teenage years, who I am, when everybody like is telling me what I need to be, or how I need to perform this, even if it's not explicitly being said, I'm receiving all this messaging that is telling me, you have to make a decision.
And this is going to define who you're going to be and how successful
you're going to be and what you're going to be able to do for the rest of your life, because you're going to be marked forever by the choices that you make, even though you're hasn't fully developed yet. But it's still like, everything is at stake. And so it feels like life or death, you know, it feels catastrophic. And so it's abuse, it's terrorism, because to a mind that is still developing, where everything already feels like it's the end of the world, because your hormones are out of control and everything like that.
Now you're receiving all this messaging. And it's just like, I don't know what I'm gonna do. I feel so guilty for everything. I feel so disconnected. And so me, again, had the blessing of having other outlets and parents who were not against it were and were very much like, these are our reasonings for saying what we say, this is how you can interact. These are the things. But then I also had music as a percussionist that was then giving me another outlet to connect to Puerto Rican culture from a different perspective.
But that still was just like, Oh, this, this is the thing that I'm able to grasp. And like, understand myself with the
other messaging that I'm receiving, as I started realizing that I was, you know, being racialized as a black woman in Puerto Rico, and what that meant for my life and all of that. It's a terrible cognitive dissonance. And it's an experience where just words, it can become, for lack of a better word, but I mean it with all the intent, like life ending, like, people can just be I can't do it anymore. Because if you're experiencing all of this, and then you don't have protection, whether that's by partners, parents, friends, or whatever, then you're just isolated in this world that's giving you all this messaging that
ultimately is making you feel like, Oh, I don't have a purpose. I wasn't meant to be here. Like, I can't do this properly. Like, everything that I am is wrong. Everything that I feel is wrong. I should feel guilty for everything. Like, I don't have any friends. And that's how it needs to be because I need to keep myself away. It can cognitively be catastrophic.
Totally, because it's, again, the purity and the binaries, this or that. And I have heard from so many theologians, yourself included, of this concept of things that are embodied, cultures that are embodied, traditions that are embodied, music that is embodied, culture that's embodied, should actually, at least for me, when I got deep into theological work, I was like, Oh, incarnation is a thing. Enfleshment, like the flesh, is actually critically important to the divine. Like, if we believe in a God who took a human form and a human body, then that means God cares about the body, not just the afterlife, but like right here.
And so it's like that same thing
of like, you have to be pure in the culture, just like in the church, right? Like, you have to be pure as opposed to being like, these things actually help support and form and like balance each other and possibly in really positive ways. And so I just feel like I want to pull back that thread of purity and find your thinking again. Like, that's how that causes, that can cause that
splitting that is super- Yeah, and I think for like a note there, that then it's important for us to recognize this thing too, because then when we're trying to understand historically how Christianity has worked, that's why Pentecostalism keeps being so popular in Latin America, because although it is giving you all this messaging, it's still providing a very embodied experience that is telling you like, your experience of Christ, it's very connected to your body. So if you're coming from a culture that's very connected to your body, and then you're telling like, this is not it, but then it's like, I'm giving you an alternative.
Like, Christ is not just the esoteric
thing, it's something that you feel, that takes hold of yourself. And so that can fulfill that thing that you're missing from your cultural practices. Because it's like, ah, Christo no es algo lejos, like, he's my friend. And so that's why you have theologians. There's this article, I wish I remember the name, that talks about how Latino Corritos speak about God almost erotically, so that to the point that if you replace Jesus's name for like, a popular name, it would work as a love song.
And as you go and you see it, it's like, you know, está tan cerca que lo respiro,
like está en el aire, like, you know, you sing like, oh, el Espíritu de Dios viene y te toca. So it's like very physical, very connected. So that's why like, beyond many other things, why Pentecostalism and charismatic movements as a whole, keep being so successful, because it's like, oh, está aquí, está aquí. And then I'm, you know, I'm being oppressed, not only within the church, right, but governmentally everything. I don't have anything, everything feels like it, like I don't have any hope.
And then I have a friend. And this friend, not somebody that's out there, but it's right here. Y yo lo siento, y me llena, y me sana, like very physical, like me redime, like think about it.
And it's powerful.
Yes, yes.
In the face of powerlessness.
So much power. And so it's also important for us to keep in mind, not only thinking about, you know, spiritual violence and all of that, but then thinking about, oh, like historically, this is why it works. Like when we're like, we don't get like white people. You should, like, because it's like, this person here-he's here, right? So, tiene su marca en su cuerpo, and I can feel him, and he can touch me, and he can hug me.
So like, if I'm a person in grief, and then they're praying for me, and it's like, Dios, en este momento, que sienta tu abrazo, you're being embraced and held. Of course, especially if you feel disenfranchised, especially if you feel like you don't belong, that you're not pure, that you need to, like, do all these things. When you have a God that will still embrace you and hold you, claro, claro.
So that's why these connections are really important to make. So we can understand, like, how violence gets perpetuated, and also how history, like, is working, and how that this model, for better or worse, continues to live on, and how it gets preserved generationally.
Is there anything else that we should talk about? This has been a phenomenally delicious conversation. I'm so grateful. I can't wait for our folks to listen and engage with it in all the ways. But is there anything else we missed?
Oh, I don't know. There's so much, for sure. I mean, the topic of race, obviously, is one that I touched on a little bit, but it has so much to say on that. But I think, ultimately, what's important is for us to keep making these connections, right, and to really take the time to think through, like, OK, why do we do this this way? And why do we say this this way? And how is this connected to this way?
And also, what are the ways that these things that also can be negative can also be very positive? Because we look at it at lenses, right, negatively. And, for example, Pentecostalism is one, and we talk about las manifestaciones del espíritu and all these things. And you have people that have written also about, like, that is also echoes of us preserving our African ancestors' cultures, right, and living through that.
And we see how people have very effectively, like, turned Christianity and all these things into models of resistance and positive things and have said, like, no, this physicality is good. And we can connect. And I can feel God bailando una salsa bien buena en la plaza and then going to church and raising my hands and crying in the presence of God. And that's real. And that demands, like, a different reality.
I think that's what it leads to, is that when we make those connections, then we can, it's not about redeeming or not redeeming, but then we can say, like, this is not what it was meant to be. And we can define what it can be and the tools that it can give us to say something different. And that's why we can still be theologians, even holding all the identities that we do. And why we can confidently say there is a different reality.
There is something different to say. And even while we're receiving all this messaging, we can still work to say, like, no, this is not, this is not the message of the kingdom. This is not what the Bible has said. Like, however. With whatever, yeah. But-and that's why I think it's important-we make those connections because they become tools. And so recognize the negative and call it out, and make sure that we're reducing harm as much as possible, and also say, “These are the things that it gives us that can become tools to further reduce harm and deconstruct systems of oppression and colonialism and all of that,” and that being our divine task.
Right. But that is the work of Christ, right? It's doing that labor of trying to unlearn, pulling things apart, not believing purity, not believing binaries, but being like, all right, if we're claiming this thing and it's ours by force or by birthright or by choice, it is ours, and then we do that work with it. Yeah, a thousand percent. That's so important and hopeful. I hope also for people of faith to be like, you don't have to let go of the faith, but you do have to be responsible if you're going to claim that as your belief system.
It's responsibility. And that becomes true for all of the identities that we hold. It's being responsible and saying, okay, if this I got by choice, by birth, whatever, my responsibility is to know, to understand, especially the history, for both the good and the bad, so that when I'm speaking in whatever space, I'm not just being like-it's, one, not the oppression Olympics, being like, “I'm the most suffering person in the whole wide world,” and recognizing privilege, but also saying, “These are the ways in which this has been harmful.”
And so these are the ways that I, as a person, am responsible to other people. Because we love to say that we don't owe anything to anybody, and to a certain point, we don't, right? La gente que vive su vida y deja a la otra gente tranquila. But then I think part of living in community-and I think it's a value that Christianity has as well-is that we are responsible for each other, right? And it is our responsibility to not perpetuate these things because we're misinformed or because we're living into what we've been told without doing our own work.
And that doesn't mean that you have to go to school. Most of the things that we know, we don't get by formal education. Do not get in debt to go get a Ph.D. It's not worth it. But what I do mean is, we have resources, right? Community, online, elders, too. And so let's be in conversation. And I think that that's our responsibility-to then make sure that we're creating a more just, equitable world and especially reducing harm.
And harm can be-that it's not just like, “I'm misgendering someone.” It can be like, it ends lives. And that's devastating, and we need to take that seriously. And so I think ultimately that that's our responsibility. And that helps us all. You know, as I discover myself more and learn more, I become more empathetic to you and want to learn more about you and the communities that you're part of that maybe I'm not. And that informs, you know, the work that we do, whether that's ministerially, socially, educationally, right, in the academy-whatever that looks like.
Thank you so much for your time. This is awesome.
I'm excited.
What a powerful conversation. Thanks so much for listening. Yolanda's story is important in part because it shows us how easily spiritual violence coexists with so many expressions of Christianity, and the harm that it can cause, especially at a young age. The systems of power and oppression that are in place are not the world we want to live in. This isn't how it should be. Beloveds like Yolanda, and conversations like these, help me imagine something different-something better.
The system we've been given is broken. It wasn't made for our survival, much less our thriving. And the more clearly we can name what's wrong and understand how it works, the better we can reshape the narrative and our imagination about what's possible together. So thank you for being here with us. I can't wait to see where we go next. Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology.
I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences, and imagine faith beyond violence. If you want to go deeper, you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence: Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith here in the show notes. You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org, where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders, and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction.
If something in today's dialogue resonated with you- maybe it stirred something, unsettled something, or helped you find language for your own story-then you have found yourself in the right place. Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it, and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content. Whoever you are and wherever you find yourself in this time- questioning, grieving, rebuilding, or reclaiming-I am so grateful that you are here.
May your theological imagination remain ever alive, and may you find spaces that honor your full, blessed humanity. With hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding, until next time, I'm Reverend Sex, and this is Shameless Theology.
▶ S2:04 — Faith as Costly Love with Rev. Rhina Ramos55 min 28 sec
Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, who is an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA plus people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the executive director at Soulforce, and I am honored and delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it.
This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith. Together we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together we name the harm, not as abstract theories, but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing, and we'll be doing plenty of that too. These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony.
You'll hear stories of resilience, liminality, code switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred, even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions, or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business, and pleasure, with Shameless Theology. Today I'm excited to share with you a conversation with a beloved sinvergüenza, Reverend Rhina Ramos.
Rhina is someone that I just adore and also admire very much. She brings light and joy to the community around her. She has been an advocate and an activist who has spent years on the front lines of the fight against spiritual violence and injustice. Rhina is the co-founder and leader of the only Spanish-speaking, queer-led United Church of Christ congregation in the country called Ministerio Latino, and it is a wonderful congregation that offers spiritual and material support to newly arrived immigrants, as well as healing and affirming spaces for queer and trans people.
Her journey to this moment in her calling is truly fascinating. She arrived in the U.S. as an undocumented immigrant child who made a deal with God to keep going to church if her family could only arrive safely. Well, she kept her part of the deal. She has been seeking deep faith and always has been willing to ask the really hard questions. When she couldn't find herself reflected in the churches around her, she worked to build one where others could find safety, the same safety that she had been searching for.
Today we'll get to hear a little bit of that story. We'll also hear stories about the effects of spiritual violence happening in our country today. We'll consider what we can do to resist and prepare, and what work is ours to do and when we find ourselves on the front lines or not yet. Rhina also reminds us to take care of ourselves, to celebrate, and to find joy wherever we can for heaven's sake. I'm delighted to introduce you to my dear friend, Reverend Rhina Ramos.
Hi, Rhina. Welcome to Teología sinvergüenza, now in English called Shameless Theology. I am so excited to have you here because you were one of our very first guests when we started this six years ago in Spanish. You were, I think, guest invitation number one, and you've been our number fan since then. So I am so excited to have you today in English.
Yes, I'm very happy to join. Yes, definitely, the kickoff conversation was so great, and then I just couldn't wait for the next episode with all the people you brought from all over Latin America.
Yes, we really got our whole community involved. Okay, so we'll start as we always do. Will you please tell us a little bit about yourself and your relationship to this concept of being a sinvergüenza? I know that for folks who maybe don't speak Spanish, that's a new word for them. So maybe you could tell us what you know or what, when we say sinvergüenza, what does that mean to you and what's your relationship to it?
Shamelessly is my second name, and it's just this idea that you are very free in your way of exploring the world, and the way of exploring ideas and growing and engaging, and you are not rigid, and you dare to be blasphemous, because blasphemy, you know, is a good thing sometimes to enrich life, I mean, the concept of blasphemy sometimes is by religious authorities, and then if you dare to do it, it's that you are challenging very established ideas. So sinvergüenza to me just means a lot of freedom to be.
I love that you're saying that as you're wearing a collar, like you, for our guests who aren't watching, who are listening, I'm like, you look like a pastora very clearly, and for you to be like, sometimes you just have to be a little blasphemous. I kind of love that.
Yeah, take your clothes off in the pulpit. That's what sinvergüenza means, and I mean, spiritually.
Yes, yes, of course, of course. But was sinvergüenza always a positive thing for you?
No, well, no, because being named sinvergüenza meant somebody who wasn't Christian enough, right, that wasn't abiding by the rules, wasn't proper. But now that I embrace it, it's all good.
So tell us a little bit about where you come from and how you got to this particular place of Sin Vergüenzura, because now folks will know you as a pastor, a leader of Ministerio Latino, as somebody who accompanies queer and trans folks who are in detention, who is a central part of the community, who is queer, who has a beautiful wife, lovely family. But how did that trajectory from where you started get you to here? You have a new book out that tells a little bit about your origin story.
Give us all of the juiciness around any of those. What is that?
All of that.
All of that trajectory to Sin Vergüenzura, what did that look like?
Yeah, to come to Sin Vergüenzura, to shameless behavior, I really had to break free from fundamentalism, Baptist fundamentalist, from the God. My idea of God was of a God that was very authoritarian and very, very judging every movement that you did. My grandma was a devout Catholic to the point of always praying the rosary at least three times a day. She was constant prayer with the rosary. And so my upbringing was already of a God that is watching you, but not watching you with love, watching you to punish you.
And then I moved to the States and after promised God that I was going to come back to be a good Catholic, if God help us across the border safely, we ended up in Long Island, New York, where I tried to do that. I tried to follow my promise to God. The priest, you know, said, just come back to church and all the answers that you have because I had many answers and I wanted to have a conversation with him. Just come to church.
All your answers will be answered by listening to Mass. And I was a 14 year old, so, you know, I still was going to do it because I promised God that if God will help us cross the border, which was a very dangerous adventure or journey, I was going to come back to confessing and everything else that good Catholics do. But as fate had it, we moved into a apartment complex that was next to a Baptist church. And one day I spotted my bilingual teacher going in there.
And it was somebody I like and trust. So I asked her, what happens in that church? She said, oh, just come 3 p.m. on a Sunday. And I entered the church and never left until I came out for 10 years. And that was a church that was engaging with some of my questions. At least I will open the Bible by myself and be in Bible study. And so it responded to that need I had to get good with that, but at the same time, be curious.
And so also it was a church of Salvadorian immigrants like myself. A lot of people arriving in the 80s, 80 percent of the congregation was Salvadorian. And so it gave me a sense of community. I had nowhere else in the U.S. as I reached at that time. So, of course, it was going to be a place where I wanted it to stay. And I was growing up in that church. Also was giving opportunities of leadership. I was part of the youth group.
I preached. I gave testimony. Yes. I went out evangelizing in bus stops and talking about religious terrorism. I was terrorizing people because I will come up to them and I will I will I will talk to them close to their face and say, have you received Jesus, your Lord and Savior? Have you thought of your eternity?
I have done that also. I'm ashamed to say.
Yeah, that should be shameless because you cut into people's space, you know. But once you do that, once you do that, you can do any type of community organizing. I always say that was great training for the rest of my life. So that was my growing up. And as you mentioned, the book is a lot about that. The journey north, my idea of God transforming of my openness to accepting the fact that I was lesbian and I was a queer person and a person of faith.
And it's all there in the book titled In My Heart a Volcano.
Yes, I love that title for your book, because that is so much how I know you as someone whose heart is alive and on fire and passionate and leads from the heart and with the heart and without without shame, without trying to hide who you are. But what you just telling that story about the church that you grew up in, I think that points to something that we've been having conversations around in our community is that for so many of us church, especially if we're children of immigrants or if we are in a rural community or somewhere where church is the hub, that when we come out in a place that we know is not going to welcome us or hold us because of the theology of that church, often I think it gets missed the double loss that happens because we not only lose our church community and sometimes our family of origin.
But so many people talk about how church is that connection to home culture, to home language, to home familiarity when they are in diaspora here in the United States. So I wonder, I heard I heard you talk about what it was like to be in that community and how precious that community was. And you said all the way until you came out. And I wonder if that was your experience also, that part of what makes coming out and recognizing who we are is what we have to leave behind when we come from communities where so much of culture and family is held in church space.
Was that true for you?
Yes, that was definitely true for me. And one of the things that made it really hard to come to terms with, I am a lesbian and a Christian, and I knew that community wasn't going to be embracing of that, especially I had married in that church. I was married to a Salvadorian man who I was married to for seven years. And so we were an ideal Christian couple, a deacon, the wife of a deacon. And it was going to test the foundation of everything people believe we were.
Yes.
And their own, probably their own identities. And so I became the person, the villain, the person who had left the home, didn't leave the home, but who was going to break the home and who was going to take a different path. Even though we didn't come out to the council of the church, I did talk to them because we were going to divorce and we hold leadership roles. And so we had to tell them. And I remember it was already a rumor.
Why? Why was the divorce happening? Because there is always people who are very interested in praying for you, praying for you publicly and spelling a chisme. Please help that brother who's having an affair. Dios mio, have him repent. And so, you know, that was going on already. People knew my business.
Yeah.
And then the pastor said, so have you thought of your eternal life when we were informing him that we were separating? And I said, and I don't know how or why I said this, but I said, well, I just want to trust God's grace. I didn't know that I entirely believe it, but that has been so true. God's grace has been so expansive, so limitless and so wonderful to me. And I'm glad I kept that. That was all I was going to do.
Trust God's grace.
Amen. So I know that between that moment and the moment that we find ourselves in now where you're known nationally, internationally, as this social justice warrior and faith leader in our community, there was a whole other career path. You were, you know, some of us, many of us come from very legalistic, religious backgrounds where there are many rules and you follow the rules. And as you said, God is there to punish and judge and to tell on us or Jesus is there to tell on us or the angels are there to tell on us.
And I feel like law lends itself to that very narrow, rigid. These are the rules that you have to follow because they are the rules. And now I see you being on the other side of the coin saying like, wow, actually we follow God and rules and laws are supposed to be just. So some of the advocacy I see you do, particularly with the trans community and immigrant, queer, Latina communities, feels like it's saying more of we need to be about the spirit of the law and particularly God's law rather than the law of the land and being really rigid about these are the rules because they're the rules.
Will you tell us a little bit about that journey from law to religion and how you moved in that direction?
So my first career is as an attorney. I was a labor law attorney and graduated in Long Island from Hofstra University and practice labor law for five years. But actually, I practiced labor law for immigrant workers and I was at a worker center and nonprofit. So because it was happening in in that kind of setting, the type of law I practice was very community for community center and it was for the underdog and it was to bring wages back like this, a revolucionaria.
So, yeah, there is no way that I always being the one that's going to go after you if you're running, if you are trying to take advantage of somebody.
Yeah.
So that's what I was doing. And I was lucky enough to be nurtured and really formed professionally by the person, Jennifer Gordon, who founded this workplace project is called Who Believed in Organizing as a Tool of Empowering the Community. So that was my beginning as an advocate, like campaigns, community organizing, know your rights training. So everything was integrated. It wasn't just let's win your case, let's bring your wages back. It's like, OK, now how do you learn to protect your rights to be paid over time?
And, you know, we were taught that to to workers. I will run the trainings. We will collect information to make laws happen so that they protect the workers. And we will rally in front of employers, homes and restaurants. Good trouble. To bring the wages back, because sometimes court means nothing to them. You know, laws are limited, totally limited. So I believe the workplace project of Long Island, New York was the cradle of everything that I needed to learn and how, like, you know, complex problems are and just answer one way, the legal way.
No, no. You have to have different angles on how to do it.
Yes. OK, so then how did you get from there? Because I can see you doing that all day, every day. How did you get there to being a faith leader?
I completely burned out after five years of fighting cases of exploitation and listening day in, day out about the domestic employee who hadn't been paid for years with the promise of a green card or the construction worker. I really couldn't do it anymore. And I was sober now that I will start calculating wages all in my in my sleep, you know. And it was it was a time when it was like, OK, I need to change careers, interests. And I was thinking of going back to school, probably for a degree in writing.
I wasn't sure. And then Jennifer Gordon, my mentor and atheist Jewish woman, lesbian, said, well, faith has always been important to you because you saw my coming out, my struggle. She says, why don't you go for a theology degree for divinity school? I didn't know that existed. So I was still in New York. I went to visit Union Theological Seminary in New York City. I sat at a class where they were discussing the idea of God post World War II. I was fascinated.
I couldn't get enough of what they were discussing. And I was like, wow, they're going to go back to graduate school. It got to be for something that makes me feel like this. It has to be something like this. And that's how it happens. And so I applied to Union, got in Union, but at the same time, I got to California for a job with International Solidarity with El Salvador. And I thought, OK, I'm going to postpone this seminary thing for a year.
I'll get to it. And then I applied to seminary here in California and got a full tuition right at the Pacific School of Religion. And so I'm like, you know, I'm staying. You don't pass on an opportunity like that. And so I stay and during seminary, I will get the vague idea of maybe I could be a pastor. But then I would think, no, pastors are like perfect people who never like fall from their faith. They are so much different from my broken humanity.
Yes. Until the professor said, well, I want to invite you to take some feminist theology. She detected that my God was very male. My God, tenía botas, pantalones y bigote. Bueno, podría ser gender non-binary, pero.
But at that time, a God with a mustache was definitely male in your mind.
Si, in my mind. And so I started taking those classes and still not convinced ordination was for me. Graduated from seminary five or six years went by when I started again thinking about it. And then somebody pointed to the United Church of Christ because I had never worshipped in English. All my religious life had always been in Espanol, but I couldn't find an Espanol church that was open and affirming and queer center. So somebody pointed out to the United Church of Christ.
I started attending a multicultural church here in Oakland. I remember I was like, I'm not going to be really part of this church. So I would like go to the service and get out, you know, get out. I will not stay for coffee hour. I was being, yeah, antisocial, you know, and I guess I'm an extrovert. I don't know, but I wasn't connecting until, you know, one of the pastors wanted to have a one on one with me. She learned more of my story and she said, we need to put you in ordination track.
And I said, well, if that is to happen, it's for me to start the first Spanish speaking church that is LGBTQ center. That's how it's going to be. And then she totally believed in that. And the two co-pastors started just like being behind the whole thing. And then I had to go back to seminary to take UCC policy, UCC history, because I hadn't done it at the beginning. I had to go all the steps for ordination. And then on 2012, I was ordained a United Church of Christ minister.
And believe me, that day, I was so happy. I was so happy. I was like, if I die now, it's OK. I've done what I needed to come to do in this world and done. Like it felt like perfect, perfect.
Yeah, that's so beautiful. I wonder, listening to you talk, it feels so relevant to this moment. I wonder if you could answer the question for us. What does it mean to you in 2026? What does it mean to you to be a faithful person in this political moment, in this world context? I feel like so many of us feel like the world as we know it is coming to an end. It's an apocalypse of sorts. And that question, I think, is really pivotal of what does it mean to be faithful in this moment?
You who've been willing to ask hard questions and go through many iterations of what it meant to you to be faithful to who you are, to the call to God. What does it mean to you now?
As simple as it may sound, it means to be loving. I mean, and no love that is romantic love, but love that pushes you to do whatever it takes to defend one another. I mean, what's the greatest love that to give your life for your friends, right? That's what the verse says. When you are willing to love with all your might and be ready to that call of defending your loved ones. Maybe this is why it's so difficult to understand, because it's all about love.
And sometimes when we hear this, we just miss it. We think that, you know, it's too simple to talk of this deep love that moves us to do what's right, to do justice, to make sure we open our hearts to those who are hurting more than us or we provide their basic needs. We hide them, even if that means that we are going to be arrested.
Will you talk a little bit about the context of what I hear you saying? I totally have heard others be like, yeah, it's not that simple. And I hear you saying, no, it's not simple to love others deeply and meaningfully and at a very high cost, sometimes for ourselves. And you talk a little bit about this in your book. I wonder if you will talk a little bit about what it means to you having come from El Salvador and having such close connection to being Revolucionaria and that family legacy.
What does that mean for what you see happening right now in the United States, particularly as an immigrant and particularly with our communities that are being targeted? Do you see parallels that we should be paying attention to? Do you see courage that we should be emulating? Do you see what are the lessons from where you come from that you are bringing to this moment that we should know and hear from you?
I was visiting D.C. the year of the second term inauguration. The inauguration had just happened. I think it was last year. It just feels so long. It feels like forever. I visited an Anglican church in Maryland where the pastor, a Salvadorian pastor who had been a contemporaneous person with San Romero de America. He had known him.
Your favorite santo.
My favorite santo is right here.
Always with you, behind you.
The Padre Vidal, that's his name. He's amazing. He's amazing. So this is what he had done on inauguration week. He had organized the moving of five different families into safe homes because they could have been targeted and taken away. So he organized churches and allies to bring these people into other homes. And he had taken the guardianship of 15, one five, 15 kids in case their parents got deported. And I was like, how in the world, like you give so much of yourself that you will be willing to parent all of these kids in need?
That's the type of love I am talking about. You suspend your arms and you love.
Yeah, I feel like we're in a time where so many folks in the U.S., particularly those of us who were born here or who don't have memory of where we come from before the U.S., feel like we're living in a moment where it's like, this is unprecedented, this can't be possible. There's all, like, I think we're now deep enough in that it, that the disbelief or the frozenness of this can't be true has mostly worn off to the reality that this is very true.
But I do feel like for those who have come from other countries, that it's not that unbelievable. It's like, no, this is real, this can happen here. I think I've seen a lot of pictures circulating of, like, here is the women of parliament in Iran in the 70s or whatever, those kinds of images. It's like, a society can change incredibly quickly with the right political conditions around authoritarianism. And so I think there's so much for us to do to listen to folks who have come from places that have dealt with dictators and have dealt with repressive regimes and authoritarianism, because I think there's so many lessons to be learned there in our resistance.
Do you think that's true?
Yes. Yeah. Once you have lived in other parts of the world that is not the U.S. where you have experienced revolutions and, you know, things can change and repression can make people rise up.
Yes.
Which I think is going to happen. It happened in Minnesota. We saw the size of people just not putting up with this, how beautifully it was and continues to be. They are ready. Maybe it might be one city at a time. I think what sometimes is hard here in the U.S., which is the mother of capitalism, is that we get very comfortable. I am very comfortable. I like my wine. I like my wine tasting. I like my massages. It's going to be a struggle to try to keep that up.
Yes. You know, we get to a level of comfort. Yes. And a society that tells us that, yeah, we can access all this and we forget to the people that are accessing all that. Yes. And so in order for us to revolt, we're going to have to be ready to give something up. Yes. Something has to give. We cannot always stay in the comfort. Yes. And so that, I don't know how that is going to happen, but it's a test for us these times.
Yes. It's so privileged to have some of the stuff. I'm talking about myself, who have a right to a different socioeconomic level, you know, that guarantees me health access.
Yes.
A blue passport as a U.S. citizen. Those things, you know.
Yeah. And I think when people ask me what can I do at this moment when I feel like I am insulated from what's happening on the front lines, one is to be educated to believe people when they tell you what's happening when you see it with your own eyes on social media or other platforms. And the other thing I think that feels really on top is exactly what you said, which is being ready. What does it mean for me to be willing when that time comes?
Whatever that time may be. It may be somebody being kidnapped while you're at the grocery store. It may be something happening at your kid's school. It may be something happening on your front lawn. It may be a national campaign that you choose to be a part of. But what does it mean as a person of faith to center what you believe and what your ethics are and be ready to say yes? Because sometimes I think when the opportunity happens, it happens and it feels so fast that we miss it.
But if we're ready, I think there's a spiritual orientation toward being ready to love our neighbors or to be willing to say, this is a privilege that I have had or have access to or a comfort that I have that when it comes time, I am choosing now ahead of time that this is what I will do or this is how I will be willing to offer what I have to our collective struggle. And that alone feels like it takes some spiritual reckoning with the ways that being in capitalism and in the U.S.
and in all of our privilege directly conflict with what it means to be a Christian, I believe.
You know, we have been promised the Holy Spirit, right? We have been promised as who believe in Christ. We have been promised we are not left alone and we're going to have this guidance. And I think the more akin we are to the voice of the Holy Spirit, we'll be ready. Whatever that is, because we never know what's going to be asked of us.
Yes.
But I think the Holy Spirit will have a say.
Yes. Amen. Amen. I wonder when you think about the communities that you're a part of and where you're doing your work in the world. When you think about what is the example that we're putting into the world or what is possible or what is it that we're fighting for? What is it that we are struggling for? Part of our work is to name the harm and to name the violence. And so I think it's very clear the economic violence, the physical violence, the terrorism that's happening to our communities who are targeted.
Which is pretty much everybody in one form or another. And this season, we're talking about concepts from the spiritual violence book that Soulforce just put out around spiritual violence and spiritual trauma. And I know that you've accompanied a whole lot of folks who have been in detention, who have been fearful of detention during the pandemic. I remember you collecting basic money for people's basic needs just to keep families alive when everything was shut down. Will you talk a little bit about your experience with folks and accompanying people through different kinds of spiritual trauma?
Particularly that intersection of being immigrant and maybe undocumented or being in a family of mixed status and also being LGBT. Tell us a little bit about what that has been like for you and how you would name or talk about spiritual violence or spiritual trauma, the result of spiritual violence.
At Ministerio Latino, we see the whole gamut of people who grew up in Pentecostal churches to people who have been agnostic, don't know where they stand with religion. And it's so interesting how they integrated. For one aspect, the community is giving them or another, you know, sometimes. And one thing we have established is that we don't start our meetings with prayer. We start our meetings with breathing meditation to center ourselves because prayer has done some damage to people. Sometimes people have been praying to stop being queer.
And so, you know, so it's more inviting for us to have a setting where people get in touch with their breathing and that centers them. And that from there, we go to all the aspects of our service. And we do end with prayer, prayer from the community on what is in people's hearts. But for us, that's important for the opening up, you know. Because as I said, as you said very well, too, is that spiritual bruising is still there. And there was a trans man we had to rescue from a very unsafe housing situation.
He was at a housing shelter that was harassing him for being a trans man. He was being put roommates that were really driving him to the edge. We organized, you know, a whole network of support here in San Francisco. We went to get him at the house, got him a room. We got him some fundraising to have once he left that shelter. And he was shaking when he got to the car. I remember him shaking. And then he says, I never thought it was going to be a pastor who helped me out of that place or help me in general.
Because the church was terrible to me. My mother is a pastor and my mother disowned me. And, you know, didn't know that we were doing it because it's a human being that needed us, you know, a fellow queer person. But we didn't know we were dismantling some harm. We were transforming his idea of who a pastor is. So we've seen that. We've seen that, you know. So, yeah, it's deep once you start working with people.
I've heard so many testimonials over the years of people who have credited you with being that light and that hope, even with folks in detention. And on the other side, in our community, there are these moments that are so sacred and special that you also get to witness and consecrate like weddings. Will you talk a little bit about what it's like in the life of a queer pastor to be holding sacred space for people in their worst moments, some of the hardest times, but also in the most joyful times that most of us growing up would have never imagined that our weddings could be celebrated in a church or by a pastor, particularly those of us who speak Spanish, that feels even more distant.
And so those are some of my favorite moments of being a pastor. Will you share a story of that time, of the other side?
Sure. No, no. We also celebrate, and that is important to celebrate, you know, for your sustain and the via cruces and the Good Friday. Resurrect for God's sake.
Yes, for God's sake.
Bring life to this. So in December, we celebrated the baptism of somebody who approached me because they are non-binary. And also they bring Cuban spirituality. I don't know how it's called.
Yeah. Santeria. Like a santeria. Uh-huh.
They had that. They were bringing that, but they also wanted to connect with their Christian ancestry, abuelitos. And so we tailored a baptism that brought his padrino from this other tradition.
Wow.
So that also was acknowledged, that he wasn't taking sides one thing over the other, that everything was integrated. He was seen in the eyes of divinity for all that they were.
Yes.
For all that they bring, for all of what they believe. And somebody told me afterwards, I know we were inclusive, but I didn't know we were that inclusive.
I was like, well. Yeah. Because that's what has to happen for so many of us, right, is that we are asked to leave one part. It's fine to be in the U.S. as a worker who's picking the fields or building construction or cleaning houses, but you have to leave all of the other pieces of you at the door. You're just a worker, a laborer. Or if we're queer, it's like, okay, we'll accept you in church, but you have to be ashamed of being queer or trans.
You have to leave your partners at the door. All of these things and what you're talking about in this wildly inclusive is being whole beings and being loved and honored and celebrated as whole beings. Yeah. I love it so much. What is the thing that's on top for you right now when you're thinking about the work of right now, the work that is most alive, most present? What is on top for you as we move on out of this interview into the world?
What is that?
Yeah. So, you know, I know it's almost cliche to talk about self-care, but last year, I hit a dark patch. There was a moment in two, three months where I was in a place where I was questioning everything and thinking, does it make a difference, anything I do? This is too big. This is too much. We are going to die. Yes. I know that feeling. Pushing myself out of bed every day because I was like, it makes no difference. You know, I just go with it.
One step in front of the other. Started doing some changes, reading more at night, less screen time. A few of those things, you know, watching what I was consuming in terms of information. So right now, for me, when I feel the shadow coming, first, I acknowledge that if it comes, maybe I need to welcome it. It needs to happen. I need to feel it. And then the other is, OK, what's going on? What's triggering it? And I be very attentive to it because I had to last for the long run.
I had to last for more of this. And so I'm being very attentive, attentive to body and mind and spirit because that was a hard time to feel so hopeless. Hopeless, hopeless. It was a hard time. I couldn't recognize myself. I couldn't recognize myself. Yeah, I guess. Yeah, but not to the level where things lose meaning.
Yes. Yeah. Oh, I've heard that same narrative around like it's just too big. We can't even wrap our minds around it. And that being attentive to who we are, what is true, what are the are we making the conditions for our own hopelessness worse than what is because there's so much there's so, so much. So I am grateful for that centering that feels like centering and grounding because we are in this forever. What long beyond when we're alive and and further.
And so we want to be in it as long as we can and pass off what we can to the next. We always end our interviews with the same question around who are your ancestors or what is the body of people knowledge chosen family blood family who are those people that you go to reference this that you go to over and over again when you need that fortification of your own spirit, your own purpose and soul and call in the world.
Who do you come from in that way.
Most recently is being women writers and poetry. I, you know, Salvadoran poet Claribel Alegría. Yeah, that right. Very simple and sometimes funny poetry. And sometimes not funny, but revolutionary poetry. But that's giving me so poets and ancestry. Yeah, that Claudia Lars. I also audio book Gioconda Belli. Nicaraguan writer. One book I read during that patch that time when I was getting inspiration was a book called The Country Under My Skin. And in the book, she talks to Gioconda Belli was very well off growing up in Nicaragua, but then becomes part of the clandestine movement of the revolution, Nicaraguan and she talks about being part of that questioning how the revolution was happening.
The contract, the contract revolution and and the question she had about those male leaders that won the revolution, but it's still the manage of power was questionable. And, you know, I ended the book, but she never regret that the time she spent in the sacrifices to me living in exile for for what she believed. And then I thought, so maybe this is it. We live in revolution. Maybe we'll never be a time of complete freedom, but we will live in revolution, always trying to push who oppresses out.
So that was a good reminder.
That's beautiful. That's also heavy, though, to think that we would be in conflict, like political conflicts in our country for so long. When you think about that over the long haul. Do you feel like it is that being attentive to self and recentering and regrounding that helps us continue? How do we how do we stay? My hope is that we will get it right one day.
It's like, OK, one day we were like, OK, we finally fought enough to know what was the right way or the more communal way. And our new generations will know how to help the planet more than we have. And, you know, and so the hope is that there will be a moment. But that there will always be resistance is hopeful, that there will always be a heart of people willing to fight for freedom is hopeful. That there is not always the way of the oppressor is hopeful.
More than just being in conflict, that there is always people who believe we all deserve dignity.
Yes, I think that's part of why I adore you so incredibly much, because I feel safest and happiest when I'm around other people who I know that no matter what the conditions are, that the commitment to freedom, to liberation, to safety, to well-being, to dignity are stronger than whatever moment that we face together. And that is something that I feel like I can trust 100 percent with you, that your commitment to dignity as a way of being as a promise of God is always going to be true no matter what situation we're in together.
So I just want to thank you for this time. Thank you for being here.
Thank you.
I admire you.
Thank you.
I love you. I adore you so much.
I love you, too.
Thank you so much for your time. Come to El Salvador with me this year. Yes, everybody. Let's go.
Okay.
Yeah, yeah. Yes.
Thank you so much. Blessings. Love you. Bye.
What an inspiring conversation with such a beautiful human. I am so thrilled that we were able to share that conversation with you. You know, in her advocacy work as a lawyer, Rhina learned that complex problems have more than one answer and that the legal system is not the only option when we're trying to get change. This approach reminds me so deeply of the serpent dove, which is Soulforce's emblematic mascot kind of creature. We pull from the image of Matthew, where Jesus talks about being innocent as doves and cunning as serpents.
So we just remind you, as this episode reminds me, that making choices and solving problems creatively is something that we can do while being wise as serpents and yet gentle as doves. So as we continue to exist in a world that is incredibly violent, it is my hope that we can go out with the spirit of the serpent dove and find ways to create change and hold on to a community that offers us both strength, resilience, and rest. Early in her story, Rhina shared that she didn't imagine herself becoming a pastor because she believed that good pastors had to be perfect.
And so many of us feel the weight of being the exemplar, the one that represents. Rhina's struggle to find hope when surrounded by vast injustice. I think that's something that almost all of us can relate to right now. And her willingness to be honest about that struggle, to show us how we can feel it, honor it, embody it, move through it, or at the very least carry it with us. That is what allows us to have a genuine connection to a faith that speaks to rather than ignores our reality and our bodily humanity.
And my goodness, if that doesn't make a good pastor, I don't know what does. Conversations like this one are exactly what our book hopes to inspire. To look around us, to name the harm, to figure out how we can resist and respond to the attacks on our human dignity and how do we find the work that is ours to do. She reminded us today that in order to change, we must be willing to be uncomfortable. That we have to be able to stay in the fight for the long haul.
And how do we take care of ourselves so that we're able to do that? So that's my question for you today. What does that look like for you, for your community, for your people? How do we stay strong and stay together? Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology. I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences, and imagine faith beyond violence.
If you want to go deeper, you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena that Defile the Faith here in the show notes. You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org, where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders, and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction. If something in today's dialogue resonated with you, maybe it stirred something and settled something or helped you find language for your own story, then you have found yourself in the right place.
Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content. Whoever you are and wherever you find yourself in this time, questioning, grieving, rebuilding, or reclaiming, I am so grateful that you are here. May your theological imagination remain ever alive, and may you find spaces that honor your full, blessed humanity. With hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding, until next time, I'm Rev. Sex, and this is Shameless Theology.
▶ S2:05 — Christian Perpetrators of Violence: Documenting Religious Racism with Dr. Danielle Boaz & Dr. Gustavo Melo Cerqueira, Part 151 min 49 sec
Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, who is an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA plus people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the executive director at Soulforce, and I am honored and delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it.
This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith. Together we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together we name the harm, not as abstract theories, but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing, and we'll be doing plenty of that too. These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony.
You'll hear stories of resilience, liminality, code switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred, even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions, or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business, and pleasure, with Shameless Theology. Spiritual terrorism and spiritual violence that we're experiencing in the United States is not new, and it's not even unique to us.
Today we are bringing you a great conversation with two remarkable scholars, Dr. Danielle Boaz and Dr. Gustavo Melo Cerqueira, who have spent almost a decade working together on an important project documenting and raising awareness around religious racism in Brazil. Their research helps us to demonstrate the pattern of violence that rises to a level of spiritual terrorism. You know, when we chose to use the word terrorism in our book, there was people who were uncomfortable with that, suggested that we were exaggerating or being sensationalist.
But projects like this one provide advocates with the data that we need to be able to raise awareness and effect change. Their research draws a clear connection between incidents of persecution and Christian perpetrators. There is so much packed into this conversation, so we're going to split it into two parts. This week, we'll hear from Daniel and Gustavo about how their work came to be, and how it started as a cry for help and a fight for survival. We'll consider how their lived experience and research into the prohibition and persecution of African diasporic religious traditions across the Americas relates to the concepts presented in Soulforce's new book, and we'll discuss the ways that religion colludes with power to produce harm.
A couple of notes. This conversation was originally recorded last year, and so a lot has happened since then that isn't really addressed here, but I believe that the concepts are still deeply, deeply relevant to our lived experience now. You'll hear from me, and from Nadia, and also Karina Vargas, who was one of the primary writers of our book project in Spanish, and was a part of this project as we transferred it into English. All right. Here it is. The first of our conversations with Dr.
Danielle Boaz and Dr. Gustavo Melo Cerquera. Thank you all so much for saying yes, we're like incredibly excited. We've been waiting a long time to have this conversation, but to get us started, will you tell us a little bit about what brought you to this work? Why is it important to you? How did you get here? This is a pretty specific topic, talking about issues of white Christian supremacy and all of us who are working to end that in different forms for the purpose of the liberation of our people.
So please tell us a little bit about how'd you get here? How did we get here? What brought you to this work?
That's kind of a long story, and I think to make it as brief as possible, or to make it make sense as much as possible, I would just say that, so I started off as an attorney. And when I was going to law school, I started to learn about a lot of the limitations that came about during colonialism in the Caribbean, South America, to a lesser extent, the United States on African diaspora religions. It wasn't that law school taught us about that because it certainly doesn't, but I was doing an independent project looking at, of all things, environmental or what was it?
It was international environmental law and looking at deforestation in Haiti. And it turns out that you can't start talking about the environment and start talking about the history of how the environment of Haiti has been destroyed without talking about religion and talking about colonization and talking about the importance of the environment in African diaspora religions such as Haitian Vodou and how Vodou practitioners historically have wanted to protect the environment. But the colonists can destroy the environment basically from the arrival of the French in Haiti.
Things just kind of snowballed from there. I did a graduate program focusing on intercultural human rights, and I did my graduate thesis looking at the history of the prohibition and prosecution of African diaspora religions. And just to kind of work with some definitions here. So we're talking about like Cuban Santeria Lugumi, we're talking about Haitian Vodou, Brazilian Candomblé, Umbanda, Cuban Palo Mayombe, and some people would include Rastafari, Obia, Vodou, and Vodou in the United States as well. The definition of what would be considered an African diaspora religion would be a bit fluid.
But so I looked at the history of the prohibition and prosecution of these religions and discovered that basically at some point in the history of the Americas, all of these religions had been prohibited. And in Catholic colonies in particular, this was a policy, a process that came about because Catholicism was the only legitimate religion. Also, a big influence behind this was that these religions, religious leaders, were often involved in slave rebellions. So African diaspora religions were prohibited because they were seen as threatening to the institution of slavery.
They were seen as an alternative source of organization and law, authority and protection. This was very dangerous in colonial societies. I discovered after that that I really wanted to pursue this further. And law school doesn't really give you any kind of a basis for being a researcher. So glutton for punishment, I went back and did another graduate program and I got my doctorate in history. And I studied the history of the prohibition of not only African diaspora religions, but also I looked at African religions that were prohibited as witchcraft on the African continent.
But not to kind of invalidate that or to use that law degree that I spent so much time and money getting, I am licensed. I practiced law while I was in graduate school. And then now I volunteer for religious communities, for African diaspora religious communities to try to advocate for their rights and freedoms when when those rights are being violated. To my knowledge, I'm the only attorney in the US who focuses on this kind of stuff. Then to kind of bring it into how did I get to the the Latin American context of this?
A lot of that had to do with meeting Baba Gustavo, my colleague, who's also on this conversation and learning about what was happening in Brazil and realizing that probably more so than any other place except for perhaps Haiti, the violence, the persecution, the prosecution that was happening during the colonial period has resurfaced and maybe is even more intense than it was at times during colonialism. And so it's it became a question not only of how do we understand the repercussions of a long history of persecution, but how do we understand what's happening today as kind of a resurfacing, a new manifestation of a lot of stereotypes, prejudices, discrimination that began to reinforce the institution of slavery.
Well, that is amazing and sexy and brilliant and not wanting to interrupt your audio, but my goodness, that is amazing. And you are so are people and exactly who we need to be talking to and learning from and getting put in the chat. You don't want to mess with the lawyer who takes history seriously. And that is so true, which is a big part of this project to try to connect what is what happened historically that's still present today, that we're still living, that we're still trying to heal from.
So I'm excited to get into this conversation. OK, Gustavo, Cuentanos, tell us what how did you get here? How did you come to this work?
Well, first of all, thanks for having me here. And I think I regret that I said that Danielle should go first, because what can I say now? But anyways, I'll try. Being really direct to the point, what brings me here is a fight for survival. I usually say that I'm not necessarily advocating for communities or peoples. I am doing that in a way that I am part of it. In 2017, I was already kind of a young priest in Candomblé. It happened in 2016.
And then when we get to 2017, my Ia-Lorixá passed away. And right after that, lots of different community territories in Rio de Janeiro and more specifically in the city of Nova Iguaçu, which is the place where the Candomblé, where I was initiated, is located. And my Ia-Lorixá had died at that point, but kind of a couple of months after her death, lots of different communities had been attacked and burned down and lots of people have been tortured and all kinds of stuff were happening there.
So I got really concerned about that, not only because it had to do with it was really close to the community that I was part of, but also because that was the result of something that was really spreading out in Brazil, which was the advancement of the far right in dialogue with the advancement of the far right in Brazil was the advancement of the neo-Pentecostal version of Christianity. So that you can have some ideas. So I'm talking about 2017, but a couple of years before that, in 2015, lots of different community territories were burned down in Distrito Federal, in the federal district in Brasilia, in around Brasilia, which means that the federal capital of Brazil, lots of community territories were burned down at that point.
And that was pretty much the same year that kind of some militias were being created, associated to some religious organizations in Brazil, especially the Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus, the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God. They're creating some militias to combat and fight against the evil and everything. And we know that historically in Brazil, Afro-Brazilian religions, not only religions, but Afro-Brazilian cultural expressions as a whole are being seen either as primitive or either as evilish. So in a way, we are either savage or we worship the devil.
So what happens is that when they say that they need to fight against the evil, they need to put down the evil, they need to put down the devil, usually they are mentioning that they need to put us down. So all the signs and symbols that they use in their TV programs and everything, they allude to Candomblé and other religions of African descent. So we were suffering all that attack that comes not only with that idea of a form of explicit violence, but it was also reinforcing an environment of fear and violence that we live in.
For example, when I tell you that I was a young priest in 2017, I am saying that I was assuming the community Tejedo that was founded by my great grandfather. Although Candomblé is really part of my family, part of our roots, part of our ancestry, I was raised as a Catholic, not as a person of Candomblé, because it was really common at a certain point in life that people were kind of denying that they belonged to Candomblé and they would not like their descendants to be part of that.
So they would put us away from that. They said, no, no, no, do not get involved into this because of all the fear and suffering that they had gone through. They didn't want their descendants to be part of that. But we also know that the divine and the spirituality has its own and their own paths. And some of us that were not even raised within it, they just come back to that and they kind of rescue parts of the family to get to that again.
So in my case, it happens almost at the same time that I traveled to the United States to do my graduate program, where I do my master's and my PhD program at the University of Texas at Austin. And so all that violence explodes here in Brazil. And I'm far from here watching what's happening and really concerned about everything. That's when I decided to do a kind of a seminar, an encounter with different people, Brazilian people who live in Austin and also lots of different people from the University of Texas at Austin, kind of to cry for help.
Like to say, you know what, we need to give international visibility to what's happening in Brazil. Otherwise, Brazilian state is not going to take care of us or take care of what's happening, especially because when I talk about you with the growth of the new Pentecostal religion in Brazil, I'm saying I'm talking about lots of politicians who are part of these Christian stream in Brazil, who are part of this Christian new Pentecostal version in Brazil. So these people kind of secure the power of these churches so that they can commit acts of violence against us and not being punished for that.
So I was really in a kind of a desperation state when I said we need to do an encounter here to talk about this and bring some international visibility to this, because maybe this is going to be the best way to make people understand what's happening in Brazil. And maybe that's the case that Brazil is going to say, you know what, people are talking so many bad things about us. We feel embarrassed. So maybe we're going to do something. And it was because of that encounter that a professor who was participating in that also knew Dr.
Danielle Boaz and said, well, maybe Danielle should meet this student there at the University of Texas. And then she said, you know what, let me let me get his contact. And then we we made a contact and then we started working together and we worked together since 2017 in all these issues. And and that's pretty much what we are doing in terms of different reports, different forms of action. I'm also working with different organizations in Brazil, like the Race Inequality Institute, the ONCREOLA and different community territories, also participating in international political instance.
And I could see that I think that kind of part of my mission is also making this international branch of our struggle to make people from outside Brazil to know what's happening here.
Amazing, amazing. Thank you for sharing that. It's hard. And I know that that those of us who do this advocacy work, we talk about some of the horrors so often that we're able to like just name it. And I want to just like take a breath to be like, that's a lot, friend, like that's a lot that we've each shared and that we will continue to share in this conversation. And we get really good at being able to communicate it so that we aren't well, I don't know about y'all, but so that I'm not falling apart every time I'm sharing about the things that are happening in my community.
But I just want to name like, oh, like that's a lot. And I'm so grateful for you to be able to come and also for us to be able to have this conversation in English, because I think so many of us in the US, we often don't leave the country. We don't speak other languages. And so we are often left completely like distant and lacking of what's actually happening in the world, especially when it kind of goes against the narratives of Christianity being good and perfect.
But I want to highlight two things that you said before we move on to the next question just to connect concepts. Right. So this we talk about this a lot in Soulforce, that this idea of spiritual violence or white Christian supremacy, this collusion that happens between religion and places of power, whether it's institutions, governments, that kind of thing. And people say, well, it's freedom of religion and we can say whatever we want. But I don't think that we often have such clear and direct examples of how, for example, us as an LGBT organization, when people in the pulpit equate homosexuality with the devil or trans people with, you know, Satan or demon and call us demon possessed and all those things that that moralizes and legitimizes and basically writes a blank check to any forces that want to cause us harm and say this is allowed and this is OK, or even worse, this is good and this is condoned by God.
So I want to just like I so I'm grateful for that such direct kind of example of how the rhetoric that happens in religious spaces directly impacts how people are able to behave in the world and gives a very clear direction of like this kind of thing will be punished or this kind of thing will be sanctioned. And that's really, really important. So that's one concept that I wanted to just lift out of that, of what you were saying. And the other one is spiritual terrorism.
And that is that sense of like we are never safe. There is a constant imposition. There's a constant threat of violence, even in our sacred spaces like our religious or spiritual spaces and practices and even in our communities. If we are associated with fill in the blank identity marker. And so I just want to name like for our audience, that level of constant pressure is the difference between spiritual violence, which happens to many of us in many forms because of an identity that we have that is not condoned by by mainstream or white Christian supremacist logic and something that is level of terrorism, which is the point of that violence is to invoke fear.
And just like you said, Danielle, like it's because that is dangerous when we have different political orientation, we have different beliefs, when we have a higher power that says that we are worthy and that we should be free, that causes all kinds of problems for for colonial states and settler colonialism in this country. So thank you for that. Thank you for connecting those dots. Thank you for helping us understand in real life. And thank you for that work. I'm going to pass it to Nadia for our second, our next question.
Yes, thank you so much. We've already started talking about this, but just to make it like more intentional, as you know, the core of the book is like naming five concepts that it's not that we are creating those concepts. We have seen those and we are trying to systematize and like start naming the nuances of each type of spiritual violence phenomena that we have seen throughout our work, throughout the 25 years of work that Soulforce has done under this bigger system of oppression that we have named white Christian supremacy, understanding that that is like the fertile ground for different ways of violence to operate through faith, religion.
These five concepts that we've created are white Christian supremacy, spiritual violence, spiritual terrorism, religious abuse and spiritual trauma. And each one of those has like specifics to it. And they work together on their systems of power and oppression. And they affect different people, whether they call themselves Christian or not, whether they live in the US or in other countries, they operate differently. We would love to hear your thoughts on these concepts and how do you think they relate to your work or they feel relevant or they feel not as relevant.
We understand that these things are things that you to study and experience every day. And we want to hear your thoughts on how we frame them and how it interacts with your perspective on spiritual violence.
The terms that are most relevant to me, to the work that we're doing, is white Christian supremacy, spiritual violence, and spiritual terrorism. And all of these things intersect in ways that we've already started to talk about. And to really explain that a little bit more, I wanted to go back and just describe a little bit. One of the key projects that Gustavo and worked on together is the development of this database of cases of what we call religious racism in Brazil, of discrimination and violence against Afro- Brazilian religious communities.
And this ranges everything from just discriminatory marks on social media, to the murder of religious leaders, the arson of temples, the destruction of religious artifacts. I mean, there's, I want to say, and I would be guessing, I don't know off the top of my head, I think that somewhere around 60% of the cases in that database are about violence against people and places of worship. So we are largely talking about violence, but it includes other kinds of discrimination as well. And the reason that I bring this up is that, as Gustavo has already mentioned, one of the main tasks that we saw as being central to our work is first identifying that there is a pattern that the kinds of reports that people in Brazil might see in the news every now and then, oh, this temple was burned down, oh, a couple of them have been subject to arson in the same place in a short period of time, that this is much bigger than one or two isolated incidents, that this is the result of a pattern of discrimination and violence that permeates kind of every part of society.
Then the other piece of that was to bring visibility to this issue outside the US. And so the database is bilingual, it's English and Portuguese. And so the reason that I bring that up is because I see the need for something like this as being deeply relevant to these three concepts, especially to white Christian supremacy and spiritual terrorism. And as Reverend Alba already mentioned, one of the things that's really coming out of this is that, so let me backtrack for a moment and say that we found, and people in Brazil already kind of knew this, especially Afro- Brazilian religious communities already knew this, but we found that in the cases where the perpetrators of these acts of discrimination and violence could be identified, 100% were some form of Christian, be it Catholic, some unidentifiable affiliation of Christianity, or the ones who could be specifically traced to a form of Christianity or a particular church were largely involved with these neo-Pentecostal churches, this sect of evangelical Christianity in Brazil that is particularly fixated on this idea of being at war with the devil and African diaspora religious communities as being the manifestation of the devil.
Wait, did you just say 100%?
Yeah, of the perpetrators who could be identified, yes.
Yeah, yeah, 100%, just to like, note for self and audience, that's a resounding, clear connection between religion, Christianity in particular, being used for the service of violence. So just want to put a little exclamation point right there. Thank you, please continue.
No, no, and you're right to do so, because I often find myself glossing over that, because I know this fact, and I just say it like it's just nonchalant. But that's precisely the point that I'm trying to get to here, which is that, so the documenting of these 500 cases, and this is something that, these are cases that largely have happened in the past, like 10 years or so. So we're not talking about a long period of time. Technically, the database goes back to 2000.
But the vast majority of cases occurred in the five years prior to the last update that we've given to the database and the report, which was in 2022. So most of them have happened very recently. And to show that this pattern of violence, it rises to the level of spiritual terrorism. It creates this environment where people never feel safe. They don't feel confident, and it permeates every part of life. I mean, there are cases where somebody calls a ride share, and they just want to be picked up to go to the grocery store or something.
But they're dressed with some kind of religious attire. And the ride share driver says, you know what, I'm not taking people like you. I don't transport the devil in my vehicle. Or the same kind of thing if somebody's getting on a public bus. There are cases where teenagers have been assaulted by classmates. I mean, beaten very severely, just because somebody saw on social media, oh, somebody went to a Candomblé ceremony or something like that. And like I said, just this rampant attacks on places of worship, invasion of them, holding religious leaders at gunpoint, destroying sacred artifacts or forcing religious communities to destroy their own sacred artifacts.
I mean, it really is this environment of terrorism. And we can clearly attribute it to Christian perpetrators. And yet this is something, and this is to me, where the Christian supremacy part comes in. This is something that we don't hear about in the news. We don't hear about Christians being denounced as terrorists. And I belong to a lot of law and religion forums. And I've constantly given presentations about this stuff, published things about it. And I still often get pushback, especially from folks in the U.S., about, well, I don't know if we can call these people true Christians.
I mean, you know, Christians are carrying out violence in the name of… And it reminds me of… There was a survey done by the Pew Research Center, I believe, a few years ago that asked something to the effect of, if someone carries out violence in the name of Islam, are they a true Muslim? And a large percentage of respondents said yes, but then asked the same question, but replaced with Christianity. If someone carries out violence in the name of Christianity, are they a true Christian?
And a much smaller percentage of people said yes. And so there's this privilege that comes with being Christian, with being able to kind of exempt oneself from being the perpetrator of systematic forms of violence, and being able to say, my religion is not inherently violent. You know, my people are not out here committing acts of terrorism. And the work that I do, that we do, I think very much highlights that that is absolutely not the case.
Absolutely, and totally connects with this orientation around white Christian supremacy in this white supremacist kind of colonial, like, all straight from colonization or settler colonialism in the U.S., which is like, and which happens all the time in the U.S., around white terrorism. Like, never do we hear, although most of the people committing random acts of violence that are specifically targeted at somebody because of an identity, is the identity of those assailants are white, almost always white men. And yet we never hear about white terrorism in the U.S.
Terrorism in the U.S. is an incredibly racially weighted word, and an incredibly, like, connected word with something like Islam. Like, those communities feel the real impact of that on a daily basis. And yet, by the numbers, we should be naming this white terrorism that also happens, but that connection around privilege is direct. And that also happens in Christianity. And I don't think that those of us who are Christian recognize how intense that is, that privilege is, and therefore, what responsibility it is for us, above everyone else, to be pissed, to be fighting against it, and to be taking an active part in the ending of that, and not just be like, well, that was just one individual.
And clearly, in the case of something like what y'all are explaining about communities in Brazil, and in Haiti, it's not one rogue individual, it's an entire system, like, a system behind a way of maneuvering that condones violence, and even encourages it. Gustavo, what would you add about these concepts, and your experience, and what feels relevant?
Yeah, I was taking a look a little bit about the concepts here, and thinking, I think that first and foremost, the main idea that, or the main concept that we use here in Brazil, when we talk about Afro-Brazilian religions, is the idea of religious racism. And I do think that it connects a lot with the idea of spiritual terrorism. I was thinking that maybe spiritual trauma would also have to do with that. But maybe, and that's really, and it's really a terror to say, but maybe it doesn't connect that much with spiritual trauma, because one of the ideas of spiritual trauma is that we are talking about unpredictable and devastating events.
And it's hard to say that most of the violence we suffer is not unexpected, is not unpredictable. And that's the terror that we live in. I'll tell you that, for example, at my community, Terreiro, we are in a rural zone, and so we don't have that much protection, so only recently we could have internet and everything. And lots of criminal organizations are advancing in that area. And it's also part of how this Christian supremacy logic operates, and how that spiritual terrorism operates, is that lots of these criminal organizations and these drug dealers, they are Christians.
And they carry out the idea of Christianity, and Jesus, and David. And they put that in front of everything. And in some areas, like in Rio de Janeiro, they already have some territories that nobody can use, can wear clothes like this, that we make a reference to African culture. You should not wear white clothes on Fridays, because then they know that you are part of Candomblé, because that's part of our tradition on Fridays to wear white clothes. And they just prohibit and just expel people from those territories if they are part of this Candomblé culture, this Candomblé religion.
So in the area that my Candomblé is situated, when I see some of those criminal organizations advancing around, my biggest fear, I can confess this to you all, is not exactly that I'm going to be robbed or anything like that. My biggest fear is that one of those evangelical criminal organizations will advance to a point that they will try and burn down my community. That's the sensation that I keep feeling every day when I see on the news how they are killing each other.
Two pertinent events happened very recently in that idea that some things that happened with us are not unpredictable. And that also situates us in that idea of spiritual terrorism. And I'm going to talk a little bit more about religious racism as well. So I was at the Federal University of Reconcavo da Bahia a couple of weeks ago and talking about the advancement of these criminal organizations. And as I was there talking to a few people, just having fun on a Monday at 10 p.m.
in the streets, kind of really close to us, a couple of guys arrived. It was kind of, I don't know how to say that in English in terms of the unity of distance, but it was kind of less than 100 meters. In the distance, in the group of us. So a few, a couple of people just arrived, look at one guy and just shot the guy down. I think it was kind of 10 shots and it was very loud. It was something really, really bad.
And we had to run. We got one of the streets to run. And a few people came running after us. And one of them was screaming like, they killed my brother. They must confess to you, I was not feeling sorry for him that he lost his brother. I was afraid that he was running in the same street as us. And I was afraid that the guys would run after us and just start shooting. And I could just die in a very, in a way that, and the victim was part of also a different criminal organization.
So it was a struggle for territory. So if, and I'm telling you, I was in a kind of the main square of this small city. I was just beside this city hall building with a few people just walking around. It was not late at night. And that's how things are kind of happening. Last weekend, I was here in a seminar with a few people, not a few people, lots of people from Candomblé. And we were talking about an observatory that's going to be implemented here in Rio de Janeiro.
And there was a moment that the police had to be called because one of the hosts of the hotel where this, the meeting was happening, just said that it was kind of becoming impossible to take an elevator and just had to be dealing with all these people of Macumbeiros, which is a kind of expression that they use. And it's very derogatory of us Macumbeiros and fat people with all those clothes. We cannot just take the elevator and the thing like that.
We had to call the police and interrupt everything that was happening so that the police could grab that person and take it to jail. Fortunately, we had some authorities also participating in the meeting and those authorities were there to talk to the police. So the police had to take that person. Otherwise, probably it would not happen. So to live in this kind of environment where you need to think, well, where should I enroll my children? Which school my children is going to?
Every time I need to do that, we need to think, well, where that school is located? Who are the people that go there? Is there a kind of a religion prevalence in there? Because we do not want our children to suffer the kind of violence that some of us suffer. But when we talk also about religious racism and that dialogue with the spiritual terrorism, there is something that I need to call attention to, is that many times when we talk about religious racism, we are not talking about a very specific or direct form of violence that is clearly religiously motivated.
Sometimes we are taking into consideration the social vulnerability that most people that belong to these religious organizations, like Candomblé and Umbanda, how the kind of vulnerability, social vulnerability they are exposed to. That's why, for example, in the region that I have in my community, lots of the conflicts we have that have to do with some of those religious communities, they also have to do with the dispute for land rights. But as you can see, most of the disputes that involve land rights, they involve Indigenous, at least in Brazil, they involve Indigenous people and they involve Black people.
Either we are talking about those ethnic groups in Indigenous peoples, either we are talking about quilombolas, or we are talking about these traditional Black communities that we have in Brazil. So we have different companies and industries that keep expanding and buying the lands and putting the lands in their names, lands that have been occupied for centuries for those communities who live there. So we are talking about spiritual terrorism and religious racism in the sense that this kind of terror gets structured in the ways in which the relations, social relations, political relations, and cultural relations are established.
So sometimes when we talk, that's why I think that spiritual terrorism has more to do with the work I do here in Brazil, because many times it doesn't need your intention to do harm. It has to do with the ways in which things are structured and they facilitate that the harm goes in my direction.
Absolutely. Absolutely. Yes. And I appreciate y'all adding religious racism to this bank of definitions and concepts that we're trying to help folks articulate, because when we see things like you were saying, Danielle, it's easier to be like, that's an isolated incident. And then y'all work on putting together a whole database and be like, this isn't a random one-off thing. But that religious racism, I think, is very connected to the white Christian supremacy, right? You have this entire structure and it's not just so happened that it goes in a particular way.
It's actually structured that way. Yeah. A thousand percent.
I think that's one of the things that we need also to pay attention, because we talk about religious racism and we are really sure about what we are talking about. And sometimes when we use that concept to be applied to different spaces, it gets a little bit twisted, which means that you need to research more and do more work on that. But the idea that we talk about religious racism is that we understand this as kind of one of the facets of what we call the structural racism.
OK. And we are talking more specifically about the anti-Black racism or sometimes also the anti- Indigenous people racism. But I think that we need to pay attention when we talk about Christian supremacy and even white Christian supremacy is that one thing that I like about the concepts and the way that they are developed is that we are talking about the white Christian supremacy logic, right? It doesn't mean that all people that will act within the white Christian supremacy logic, not always they are going to be white.
Lots of the violence we suffer from Neopentecostal Evangelicals, it comes from Black people. It is very common. So the case that I was telling about the hotel, it was a white woman. So that's different. But lots of the things that we suffer in terms of violence, it comes from Black people who work within the white Christian supremacy logic. So it's interesting to understand that sometimes it looks like Black on Black violence, but sometimes you need to understand that that violence is motivated by different political, ideological and cultural perspectives and also different political projects.
So Black on Black violence or anti-Black violence sometimes does not come from white bodies or brown bodies. Sometimes the anti-Black violence comes from a Black body that thinks that, that understands the logic that, well, if I am violent against a Black body, maybe it takes me, it drives me closer to be understood as a white body. We know it's not true, but some people just act this way, right? So I think that's also something interesting to point out, especially when we talk about the Brazilian context.
I would love to connect, to like just draw a little dotted line also to those of us who are Latinos, Latinas or come from Latin American context, because we have colorism that we deal with, which has its whole own set of structures, but it's a very similar thing for those of us who were brought to the United States. And many of our families, for example, don't teach us Spanish or our indigenous languages that we come from, from Latin America, because the idea is if we can, especially for those of us who are not Black, like aren't phenotypically Black, because we are taught that as Latinos, Latinas or Hispanics, whatever, that if we assimilate enough, if we can get right up under the bosom of whiteness, that we are safer.
And so those kinds of survival strategies and mechanisms to not teach our children about the cultures that we come from, to not teach our children Spanish, to be in mostly predominantly white environments and including anti-immigrant kind of sentiment that is really intensifying in the US, in immigrant communities against other immigrant communities, sometimes of the same countries, but it is still based in a logic of white supremacy and still based in this idea of if we can act more like the oppressor, then maybe we'll be safer.
And so I want to recognize those survival strategies for those of us who carry a lot of shame or guilt as people who come from Latin American countries, parts of our families, but don't feel connected to those anymore, honoring that that was both a survival strategy, but now we can know better and understand better. And that requires us to do better because that anti-Black racism and sentiment that is like we try to distance ourselves from Blackness, those of us who have the possibility to move across that scale and see more white or less white, that feels like a battle for the souls of so many of our folks who are in this country right now in the US and throughout Latin America of trying to distance ourselves from indigeneity or trying to recover those, but we're still with all the privileges that we get because of our color.
So I think that that's a spiritual matter as much as it is a political matter and an identity matter. And I think it's a really important part of this conversation. So thank you for giving us that context. I think it's super relevant in lots of places. I'm always grateful when we have the opportunity to bring these conversations from around the globe together and back to the US. When we are struggling and when we face an oppressor that feels so much bigger than us, so overwhelming, it becomes really easy to defer to the idea that we are alone.
But conversations like this help remind us to look beyond that, our own experience, beyond political borders, beyond what we are experiencing in this exact moment and look to the others who have fought this fight before and who are still fighting alongside us. Gustavo's stories about Brazil are different from my stories in the US South, but in many important ways they are similar. We're both fighting white Christian supremacy. It's important that we are able to make these connections so that we can be together in solidarity, so that we can name the harm loudly and clearly and from there so that we can resist.
The problem is systemic and I am utterly convinced that the solution will be found only in community. There was already so much to learn and unpack from today's conversation and next week there will be so much more. Today we spent some time in Brazil. Join us in part two of this conversation where we learn more about the relevance of Haiti's colonial history and the Christian response to the earthquake there in 2010 and the ways white Christian supremacy intentionally makes violence politically invisible by isolating incidents as personal rather than acknowledging that they are systemic.
Join us. Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology. I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences, and imagine faith beyond violence. If you want to go deeper you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith here in the show notes. You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders, and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction.
If something in today's dialogue resonated with you, maybe it stirred something and settled something or helped you find language for your own story, then you have found yourself in the right place. Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content. Whoever you are and wherever you find yourself in this time questioning, grieving, rebuilding, or reclaiming, I am so grateful that you are here. May your theological imagination remain ever alive and may you find spaces that honor your full blessed humanity.
With hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding, until next time, I'm Rev. Sex and this is Shameless Theology.
▶ S2:06 — How the Rhetoric of Religious Racism Sanctions Violence with Dr. Danielle Boaz & Dr. Gustavo Melo Cerqueira, Part 239 min 48 sec
Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, who is an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA plus people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the Executive Director at Soulforce, and I am honored and delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it.
This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith. Together we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together we name the harm, not as abstract theories, but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing, and we'll be doing plenty of that too. These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony.
You'll hear stories of resilience, liminality, code switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged, persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred, even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions, or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business, and pleasure, with Shameless Theology. Okay, we're back as promised, and this week we will hear more from Dr.
Danielle Boaz and Dr. Gustavo Melo Cerqueira. If you haven't listened to last week's episode of Shameless Theology, you might want to go back and get caught up. We had a great conversation about their research, how they got started, and Gustavo's personal experiences with religious racism in Brazil. This week, we'll spend some time talking about Haiti, its colonial history, the ways that the U.S. still views Haiti through a lens of anti-black racism, and the very real and material consequences of white Christian supremacy on the island.
Sometimes spiritual violence hides behind closed doors, and sometimes it's hard to follow its path of destruction, but in today's episode, Dr. Danielle Boaz helps make that connection extremely clear. There is so much wisdom and data in this conversation, and I'm so glad we're able to share it with you. Now let's turn to our conversation with Danielle and Gustavo.
Danielle, you were talking, you both were talking about how this religious racism intentionally makes it invisible. It distances the political implications from the violence it carries, and it isolates the incidents. It makes them, like, personal. It doesn't allow us to draw lines between the dots in terms of political oppression and racism and systems of power, and how they benefit from that oppression. And you mentioned Haiti specifically, which is like this very clear example of how religious racism and spiritual violence and white Christian supremacy can operate, and can operate like full sight, and people will still not draw the lines between that and, like, a story of colonialism, imperialism, and, like, this very specific type of punishment towards Black liberation, and, like, the history of Black struggle, and how deeply connected that is to spiritual struggles and spiritual fight.
I would love to hear more about what you have to say about that from a historic perspective, but it's also, like, someone that studies religion and someone that understands justice and how justice is weaponized specifically in the U.S.
I think Haiti is such an important example, especially for a U.S. audience, because we have such an interesting and deeply intertwined relationship with Haiti over the course of the history of the country, of Haiti. I want to give just a quick little historical moment to, you know, the historian in me feels like there's some context that's needed before I talk a little bit about what's happening today.
Yes, history! Love history! Thank you, Danielle. Bring it to us.
Haiti is, Haiti was a colony known as Saint-Domingue. It was the most profitable French colony in the Americas, the most profitable French colony in the Caribbean. But in 1791, enslaved people in Haiti started this major uprising that turned into basically like a 13-year war against not just the French, but multiple colonial powers who were all trying to retake or overtake Haiti and resulted in 1804 in Haiti becoming completely independent and becoming the first Black republic in the Americas. And it is also considered to be the site of the only successful slave rebellion in the Americas.
If we define success as the enslaved people actually won their freedom permanently from their enslavers, from the colonizers. Now, it's important to know this, to know A, that racism, anti-Black racism is deeply entrenched in how we see Haiti, even today. But also it's important because legend says, and this legend has existed for like 200 plus years, legend says that vodou ceremony, and now vodou is the term, V-O-D-O-U, is the term that practitioners and scholars and people who want to be respectful will use instead of what's popularly known as voodoo.
So legend says that vodou practitioners held a ceremony to try to gain the kind of spiritual protection and assistance in the rebellion. All right. So fast forward hundreds of years, and we have this major earthquake that hits Haiti in 2010, kills over 200,000 people, injures hundreds of thousands more, displaces millions of people. And within days, I'm talking two or three days, we have all these commentators, in particular, Pat Robertson, this popular televangelist is known for saying, oh, well, Haiti brought about this destruction on itself because they made a pact with the devil years ago to gain their freedom from France.
And this pact with the devil that he's referring to is this vodou ceremony that started the Haitian Revolution. And so this is a great example of how we can see all of these things interconnecting, this history of discrimination against African diaspora religions, being connected to anti-Black racism, this demonization of African diaspora religions, et cetera, et cetera. And so this continues with several so-called scholars, so-called political analysts publishing in like the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal about how vodou is the reason why Haiti was so deeply impacted by the earthquake, because vodou is progress resistant.
It keeps people in poverty. It's the root of all the problems in Haiti. So there's all this negative rhetoric going on, but that's not all that happened. After the earthquake, vodou practitioners are trying to hold ceremonies like every other religious community in Haiti, trying to mourn the people who've passed on, trying to pray for the people who are still being discovered under the rubble and still recovering from injuries and homeless and all these kinds of things. And they were physically assaulted by people while they were trying to hold these ceremonies, chased out of different spaces.
And all of this is largely rooted in the fact that they're blamed for the earthquake. And the same kind of rhetoric that was coming from these political commentators, from Pat Robertson, from folks like that abroad, mostly in the U.S., people are making these comments. On the ground, people are internalizing these same kind of ideas that, oh, well, vodou is the reason, vodou is the reason that this earthquake so deeply impacted us. And maybe even because these folks are seen as devil worshippers, well, maybe even this is God's wrath on Haiti for so many devil worshippers being in this country.
All of this violence, it escalates dramatically later that year. There was a massive cholera outbreak in Haiti, which also gets blamed on vodou practitioners. And people start lynching vodou practitioners in the streets. We know of dozens of people who were murdered. There's also something that happens, and I think that this is a particularly relevant example for folks who might be involved in Christian churches, who do a lot of non-profit organizing, raising money for missions abroad, for aid for communities in need in places like Haiti, places like the African continent, etc.
So we know that somewhere around two thirds or more of the aid that went to Haiti went to U.S. NGOs, non-governmental organizations, and that many of these are Christian organizations. So very quickly after the earthquake, vodou devotees started to report that they were being denied access to the aid that these NGOs received to help people in the aftermath of the earthquake. And we actually had some academic researchers who were able to study this and reinforce the fact that vodou communities were being denied things like food and water because they didn't belong to these Christian churches.
And in some cases, it was the churches saying, well, we are only distributing aid to people who come to our services. And then in other cases, it was a little bit more discriminatory against vodou in particular, where people were saying, we don't give aid to you devil worshipers. I think that it's important to observe that folks from the U.S., Christian organizations largely based in the U.S., are part of the perpetrators of this harm. Where they themselves are either going in and physically on the ground denying aid to people, or they're sending aid to local partners on the ground who are part of this process of denying this aid.
And I think that one of the things that I find really interesting slash disturbing is that I've, in the past couple of years, been working on some public surveys largely in the capacity. I was a fellow with the Public Religion Research Institute for two years, and we had the opportunity to distribute some public surveys to people in the U.S. And these are nationally representative samples. Each survey had about 1,300 people, 1,300 respondents. And one of the questions we asked in the last survey was whether people felt that following an emergency or disaster, people of a certain religion, of a religious nonprofit organization, should be able to prioritize aid to members of their own religion before others, before followers of other religions.
And almost half of respondents were comfortable with the idea of Christians prioritizing aid to other Christians. So exactly what happened in Haiti, almost half of people were saying, you know what, I'm okay with that. I'm okay with someone saying, if you don't come to my church, you can't have food and water after an earthquake that has killed 200,000 people. And so I think that Haiti is such a great example for these reasons because the type of discrimination, of religious racism, of Christian supremacy, of spiritual terrorism, of spiritual violence, all of these things, this is something that is coming largely directly from U.S.
populations or people funded and supported by U.S. populations. And this is something that, you want to talk about white Christian supremacy when you can say that in probably the most devastating circumstances that some people would ever experience, that we're going to make religion the priority, your religious affiliation determines whether or not you can eat, whether or not you have water, whether or not you have shelter. I mean, I think that's a great articulation of all the things that we're talking about.
Yeah. And I think that we can look at that example. Thank you for sharing it. And thank you for sharing that historical kind of arc because when even if we can say that's terrible, if we don't understand the ideology, the Christian ideology, that some of us are chosen by God, that some of us are God's preferred children, that some of us are closer to God, whether it's because of our skin tone, because of our power, or even just the logic of, well, God has blessed us, so we must be doing something wrong.
Right. And God hasn't blessed them, so there must be some reason that God is this kind of punitive being that would condemn an entire island to a tragic natural disaster on the basis of people obeying Him, and I use that pronoun intentionally, obeying Him or not obeying Him or following Him or not following Him. And therefore, the relief that comes through the aid, that also being destined first for the chosen, the children of God, i.e. in this context, Christians, and there being others who don't deserve it as much.
And even if we can say on the surface of things like, no, everybody should have food and water, if we don't address that underlying ideology that shows up all over the place, whether it's because of gender and sexuality, whether it's because of race, indigeneity, et cetera, like that is at play and it's at play all the time in the U.S. when we're talking about, of course, you would know better than me, but like civil rights, access to human dignity, and of course, that extends into our mission.
So I just think it's so critical. Missions work is really complicated in lots of ways. And when you take into account these kind of historical narratives of colonization, it becomes even more critical for those of us who are working in churches, in missions, in faith-based practices for that to be relevant and present in our minds.
I was just going to add that mindset of, you're bad, therefore you deserve this, which is deeply Christian, which is binary. It is so ingrained in our brains that we deserve something bad and that hurts a lot of people in different ways, disabled people. But also it is so fragile and it's also very, specifically in the case of Haiti and global warming and climate change. The countries that will experience the hardest stuff are countries that have been historically affected by colonialism and imperialism.
Those who think that way, that the countries that are not being affected are the good countries, it will continue because the global north is the one that is causing ecological catastrophes in the global south. So it is like this very awful narrative that will just continue moving on because it is based on not understanding the real causes of the problem and how it operates.
Yeah, just a couple of comments about that. And I really appreciate when Dr. Danielle Boaz is saying that it's really kind of interesting that we need to understand Haiti and the Haitian revolution at the center of some of the conflicts we have nowadays. And I keep thinking about Michel Trouillot when he was talking about that unthinkable history of the Haitian revolution and the ways in which Susan Bookmore will develop that idea of the unthinkable as well. So when black people have political subjectivity and political history, it seems like unthinkable to the world.
And also recalling Frantz Fanon, it is as if we put the presence of black people at the center of history, we kind of threat to demolish history. But we threat to demolish history the way we know history or the way that history is told to us. So I was thinking that maybe we are trying to understand Haiti not at the center of most of the things we need to understand about the modern world. But when we try to do so, maybe we have some approaches like Marxist approaches, sociological approaches and other anthropological approaches.
And I keep thinking, Danielle, that maybe it's going to be through the religious studies approaches that maybe we can have a better and deeper understanding of some of the issues that we can explain in our world through the history of Haiti.
Wow. Yeah, this is incredible. This is an incredible conversation. I feel like I could talk about this with y'all for days and weeks and years. And I hope this is the beginning of more collaborations. Shadi, you want to take us into our last piece, beloved?
Sure. And thank you both for sharing your experience and your perspectives. I just wanted to mention that I read about a massive killing of a hundred people in Haiti last week as being in witchery. And I was reading the comments in many of the U.S. newspaper, social media. And a lot of people let themselves say like, well, at the end, this is not people that are following the good steps. So you can see everywhere this idea of judging and justifying death, like the death of some people is totally fair.
And what Gustavo mentioned before, that we're just one step from being in these places where someone just will send to kill and get rid of any government, democracy, anything. I mean, even though when you think your country can be stable in this systems, hate, it's very fast on escalating and just using violence to impose power. And I think it's a very dangerous pattern we are seeing everywhere. So thank you for sharing all that. And our closing question, one thing we have been exploring, it's the reaction we have to this content and that we might have in different spaces.
So we wanted to ask you, what kind of responses do you think a book with this content, with this concepts could have? We also want to think about challenges that could arise when addressing issues of religion and spirituality. Are there any challenges that you see, it might be in a personal level, let's say a book like this being discussed in your own personal religious social settings or in the academia. So basically the question is that, are any challenges that you see on a personal level or in the community you work whenever we try to talk about these kinds of things?
I would like to piggyback off of what you were just talking about, Karina. So specifically what I think you're mentioning is the massacre of almost 200 people in Haiti about a week ago. And a lot of those folks were targeted because they were elderly Vodou practitioners. The person ordering the killing was the leader of this powerful gang who thought that Vodou practitioners had cursed his son and caused his son to become ill. I think that what you're mentioning about the comments about the instinct to just kind of say, well, these people probably weren't good people anyway.
Well, these people, I mean, I don't want to say they deserved it, but maybe we don't have as much sympathy for them anyway. I think that that's a little bit representative of the kind of response that we can have sometimes, especially for an English speaking audience, I'm thinking about, it's mostly going to be the United States, maybe the UK, places like that. And I think that there's this very deeply embedded disbelief that these concepts that you're talking about exist. That there is any kind of, even white Christian privilege, much less white Christian supremacy, there are a lot of conversations in areas of law and religion right now about how Christians are so persecuted throughout the world.
And this is a constant narrative. There's lots of scholarship that centers on the, I don't want to say isolated cases of violence, but when we think about the difference between how many places where Christians are actually persecuted and where they're the ones doing the persecuting, relatively isolated incidents where Christians are actually the victims of violence versus the perpetrators of violence. There's so much of an emphasis on those cases where they're the victims that it becomes hard for people to believe that that is not the case worldwide, that that is not kind of the natural state of things or the widespread state of things.
And so, I don't know, maybe it's years of doing this work on religious racism and talking about Christians committing acts of terrorism and that kind of thing. Maybe it's a bit of cynicism that has developed from that, but I would think that it's going to be a tough road that people are going to have some difficulty in the same way that concepts like white privilege make people feel somehow personally attacked, like, oh, I can't have this privilege. My religion or my race can't give me this thing that somehow sets me apart from others.
I think it's going to be a bit of a struggle, but hopefully this will be a starting point for a conversation and can open some people's eyes to some of the things that are really damaging to our society, to many societies throughout the world.
I think that at the same time that I see a few challenges ahead, because when we try to name things, it's that strange experience that when people see something being named, it is as if we were bringing that thing into existence. It's not exactly like that because the thing was already there, right? The phenomenon was already there, but then we suddenly name it and then people say, why did you create this? You create this problem. I'm not creating this problem. So it's brutal terrorism is right here, but if we name it, people say I created that.
Yes, yes.
So that's certainly going to be one of the challenges that you're all going to face when this spreads. At the same time, and I'm having this experience here with the students, I'm now a professor at the Federal University at the feeder school. And it's interesting when we see the students we have right now, especially in the past, in the last 10 years, the racial demography and gender and sexuality demography in the university has changed a lot. And it's really interesting because you feel that students are eager to have resources.
They are eager to have a repertoire. They are eager to understand how they can access different concepts to name the different experiences. So they do not really feel satisfied anymore to understand what is the idea of oppression and understand that they are oppressed. That does not respond to anything. They feel some specific things that they need to have some more specific treatments. And way of talking about that. So at the same time, I feel that if I think in terms of academia, academia will have lots of different, will bring challenge to the expansion of those concepts and book.
But at the same time, I feel that students, for example, will be like, please bring that to us and let us also create new ones based on what we are now learning. So that's how I feel. I'm not being too optimistic, but I really feel that we have more. I think that the horizon is kind of good. It's really good for when we have this kind of work going around, which means that we need to have a Portuguese translation as soon as possible.
I don't know if I can help about it, but anyway, I think we should talk.
Yes, we'll give you the Spanish and the English, and then you can figure out what is the Portuguese interpretation and adaptation, right? Because we quickly learned when we translated from Spanish to English, that it didn't make sense because it isn't just a language thing. We have different colonizers. There was different strategies for settler colonialism in the U.S. versus in Latin America. There's different kinds of governmental structures in the U.S. that we pretend like we are, that we keep church and state separate, whereas in most Latin American countries, it's confessional.
So there was all this stuff that needed adapting. And then these new things that were coming to bear around, like what does it mean for those of us in diaspora from Latin America into the U.S.? So it will be a whole adaptation, Gustavo, and I am excited and welcome that collaboration, and we'll put it on the books for 2026.
All right, let me just say a couple more things about that. I think that when we talk about also the strategical advocacy, and also when we talk about the political incidents, and that's one of the things that I'm debating with some of my partners because they say, no, we need to do the political incident and the community level work, and I say, yes, we need to do that. But some of us are scholars, so we need also to work in the research.
We need also to work on the publication. We need to also have all those resources because when we go to debate with the experts at the United Nations or at the Inter-American Commission and all those different international systems, it's really good when we go to those references and then can read it and really understand what's happening. So I think that they are now, at least my partners, are getting more convinced about that, and they really want to push more in that direction.
So what I feel is that even the people from the social movement, more and more, they want to embrace those publications, they want to embrace those concepts, they want to embrace those ideas, and also making sure that they can understand that. And because this is the kind of book and this kind of publication and research that comes with a very clear positionality, and that's so important for all of us, because you can understand that critically and at the same time understand how it applies or not to the particular context we are working on.
So I do feel that we have great potential about that.
I'm so glad you mentioned that, Gustavo. When we were preparing for this call, I told Gary and Alba that I was very excited to hear your perspective on this specific question, because I remember that when we first met, you were talking about the importance of incidents, like political incidents, in these big institutions, like these big international organizations. And in our experience, sometimes with that type of organizing, it's hard to name, for example, white Christian supremacy, because those organizations are very careful to not talk bad about Christianity, because religious freedom, and blah, blah, blah.
So it's hard to name it as it is. So I wanted to hear your thoughts on how would this type of people that are very invested in this very important and also very confusing and contradictory, even sometimes, type of organizing would react to this type of concepts that, as you said, are very harsh intentionally, like we are naming it very intentionally the way we're naming it. And there's some sort of diplomacy type of exercise of translation that we might need to be prepared for.
So I wanted to hear your thoughts on that.
Well, when we talk, for example, here in Brazil about religious racism, it was kind of a taboo to talk about religion and racism on the same phrase. So it was not really easy to put that forward. And of course, we still face lots of different challenges. But right now, it became almost common sense to not talk more about religious intolerance when we talk about the discrimination of Afro-Brazilian religions. So people already know that when we talk about discrimination against Afro-Brazilian religions, we were talking about religious racism.
That's how many people are now acting here in Brazil. Of course, I cannot say that it is the majority of all the people doing that. But I'm saying that the majority of the social movements are going that direction. Lots of politicians. I was reading today an Instagram post from a councilman from Salvador, Bahia, that he was talking about a particular situation, and he was using this expression several times in his post talking about religious racism. In a sense, it's interesting to understand that I think that even now in the federal law that was made here in Brazil, it was published here in Brazil in the end of November, which is a national plan for the people from Terreiros.
It's a political plan that the federal government is trying to implement here in Brazil that comes out of all these political incidents and community level services and action that we are making. It seems that people told me, I did not read that completely, that the expression that is used is religious racism. So it's now becoming official to talk about religious racism. I'm not sure about this law specifically, but I can research that and return to you. So what I'm saying is that some of these expressions and concepts, they might seem kind of, oh, it's too hard to hear that.
Or maybe it's not that much. But I think that's pretty much the path of political movements and political action. Sometimes you need to be really explicit about that, face some of the challenges about that, and also make some adjustments along the way. We cannot be also so, we cannot crystallize that idea that we have in a sense that we cannot move or we cannot change. It's probably going to be adapted maybe somehow or expanded or the understanding of some of these concepts, they might change a little bit, although also because they need to get a little bit more broad, but it does not mean that we should back up before even stepping forward.
So yeah, we need just to move on and walk and see what, how it's going to be transformed.
Amazing. Yes. And this isn't, we say explicitly in the book, this is an invitation to begin a conversation. So we are interested in folks adapting it, using it, transforming it, applying it, pushing back on it. And so these conversations are part of that beginning of being, of inviting others in conversation, because we know that each of us have different knowledge bases, experiences, expertise, and we are so unbelievably grateful for your knowledge, for your time, for your expertise, for your heart space and willingness to share both your own lived experience and all of the brilliance that y'all have been creating individually and co-creating together.
So thank you so much for your time. Thank you for today. And we're looking forward to being in community around all kinds of other things. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you so much for inviting us.
Yeah. Thank you. Thank you so much. Yes. Really fun time. It's hard to kind of visit some traumatic experiences, but at the same time is, it's really good to feel that we are getting embraced in this conversation and have more people to dialogue. So it's really good. Thank you.
I said this at the end of our last episode, and I'll say it again here. Our strength is in community. We have to be able to connect the dots between what has happened in the past, what is happening in the world right now, and what is happening in the U.S. We are fighting the same fight. Let's make sure that we're fighting it together. It was so valuable to hear from Daniel and Gustavo to discuss how they anticipated our book would be received based on their experiences and research into religious racism.
As I mentioned before in the last conversation, this conversation took place a year ago. And with everything that's since then, I'm hoping that now we might find a more receptive audience in the U.S. I'm hoping that after months of those in power choosing to say the quiet parts out loud, that there will be more Christians who are ready to acknowledge the ugliness, the violence that's being committed in the name of our religion. We're getting to a point where it is much harder to ignore.
White supremacy is being coded into law and the violence that used to be hiding under white hoods now proudly stands in front as political leaders. The spiritual terrorism happening in the U.S. right now is not hard for anyone to see. The hard part is figuring out what we're going to do next. This is why Soulforce does the work that we do and why we released this book. To bring us together, give us words to describe what's happening around us and to see what's been done before in hopes of sparking conversations about what's our work to do together.
Thank you for joining us by listening to this show and raising awareness for using the language that we're offering in by connecting us with your people, your community around you. Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology. I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences, and imagine faith beyond violence. If you want to go deeper, you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence Religious Phenomena that Defile the Faith here in the show notes.
You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders, and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction. If something in today's dialogue resonated with you, maybe it stirred something and settled something or helped you find language for your own story, then you have found yourself in the right place. Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content.
Whoever you are and wherever you find yourself in this time, questioning, grieving, rebuilding, or reclaiming, I am so grateful that you are here. May your theological imagination remain ever alive and may you find spaces that honor your full blessed humanity. With hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding, until next time, I'm Reverend Sex and this is Shameless Theology.
▶ S2:07 — The People Who Hurt Me the Most Gave Me the Greatest Gift with Zayn Silva60 min 14 sec
Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, who is an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA plus people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the executive director at Soulforce, and I am honored and delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it.
This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith. Together we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together we name the harm, not as abstract theories, but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing, and we'll be doing plenty of that too. These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony.
You'll hear stories of resilience, liminality, code switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged, persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred, even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions, or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business, and pleasure, with Shameless Theology. Hello beloveds, today I am delighted to introduce to you someone who is precious to me, someone I've known for more than a decade.
Zayn Silva is a preacher and an amazing transgender Afro-Latinx leader in all the ways, human rights activist, and so many more things. We have been lucky enough to cross paths over the years, and I'm inviting you to come in as I reconnect with him and learn more about where his journey has taken him in recent years and what's alive for him in this particular moment. In today's conversation, Zayn shares how his evangelical upbringing gave him confidence to share his liberated faith more freely and live more boldly.
We have fun talking about why we think Jesus was definitely trans, and the ways in which we find beauty in the diversity of creation that is reflected all around us. Zayn works in communications and describes digital spaces as an opportunity for freedom of expression and a place to connect and present ourselves more honestly. We consider the expansive and mysterious nature of the divine that celebrates us, and we get to talk about things that bring us joy and hope. I also want to let you know that Zayn's story also includes hard conversations, like talk of losing family and enduring conversion therapy, and there are references to thoughts of suicide.
So if you or someone you know is struggling with thoughts of self-harm or suicide, please reach out for help. Know that you are loved and you are precious and you are not alone. You can call or text the National Suicide and Crisis Lifeline at 988. Also, the Trevor Project offers 24-7 support for LGBTQ youth, and you can always call or chat online. We'll add these resources in the show notes. We know that the effects of spiritual violence are real, and so many of us have experienced spiritual trauma.
We know that there is joy to be found and love and safety. We are thankful that so many of our guests we've invited to our show and who are in our community of the Sin Verguenzas are willing to share their stories and their struggles and celebrations and doubts and questions to show us their whole selves to be open and vulnerable, and we offer you these conversations in hopes that it brings you strength and a sense of being in community and so much love.
We are so happy you're here for this conversation with Zayn Silva. Hi, beloved, welcome to Shameless Theology. I'm so glad you're here.
Yeah, thanks for having me. It's good to see you.
It's so good to see you, too. We have such an interesting on-again, off-again kind of history. We've known each other for a million years, and yet we touch points and do a little thing and then we go off into our world. So it feels like a beautiful moment of circling back around to be like, hi, friend, here we are again.
Yes, I'm yeah, over over a decade. Yeah. And you are the inspiration of everything I do. So I'm always happy to to work with you.
Oh, the blessing is mine. And I'm humbled and grateful that something I said sometime a long time ago was helpful. All right, we're going to jump in. First question, do you identify as a sinvergüenza, why or why not? And because we're in English this season, tell us what sinvergüenza means to you, because of course, culturally and linguistically, it changes depending on families and places. So what is sinvergüenza so that our audience knows what you're coming at it from and what's your experience or history with it?
Yeah, for me, sinvergüenza means it was definitely what I was called all of the time. I mean, my father's Puerto Rican from Bayamón and he can't. So I mean, every week, you know, in my room, if I if I went to church with jeans on, if I like just like if I burped and then on my mom's side, she's Puerto Rican, Nuyorican from the Bronx. My aunt, who's from Catalina, Puerto Rico, constantly like called me sinvergüenza. I went to the church kitchen to grab some food without asking.
Like for me, it always meant that I was doing something I wasn't supposed to do. But in my mind, it felt right. So for me, it means that I am like maybe pushing the limit, but I know that I'm going to enjoy that limit. Like I know that when I get there, I'm going to be completely without shame, all in my happiness and all of my joy being myself. And it really just brings me positive memories. I mean, my family still calls each other that all the time, just for no reason.
So I've never had like a negative context, but it's always been a, you know, a sign of love.
I love that. And I think it's a very particular genre of us people for whom that shamelessness, even when it's used as like a scolding way, it still kind of makes sense. It's like, yeah. And then there's this progression that happens where it's just an embracing of that. And I feel like that's part of our liberation as sinvergüenzas is to be like, that's always kind of been true. And now I am like unabashedly embracing that, which is one of the things I love about you in the world is that you are a very public persona and your joy and your smile and clarity about who you are and who we are as a people feel so aligned with what I believe is true about our people.
And so you have so many jobs and roles and identities. Will you just name a couple of them or a handful of them? And then we're going to jump into deeper questions about who you are and what's going on in this moment.
In my professional life, I'm a director of communications doing digital ministry for, if I think like I'm pretty sure the oldest church in America, I think they're going to hit 400 years next year or maybe one of the oldest churches. I also support pastors throughout my denomination with digital ministry. I'm really, I feel that I'm like a hype man for people like I'm just like, I just want you to do this thing and let everyone know you're doing this thing. So that's me personally.
And then personally, I'm Puerto Rican. I'm Black. I'm from Brooklyn. That's the most important thing that you should know about me. I'm from East Bay, East New York, and I'm just a regular person. You know, I'm transgender, a trans man. I'm Puerto Rican, a brother, a proud uncle. I just, you know, I feel like I'm just your regular New Yorker that ignores you, but will be there for you no matter what's going on in your life without having to know you.
So as a Southerner, I do not understand any of that, but I am very grateful that we are in community with each other. There's so much in your lived experience, even just the little bit that I know over the course of our decade, knowing each other, there's so many places to go and so many things I want to talk about. But I'm curious, particularly because you live so much of your life, work life and not work life in this digital sphere.
And I feel like that's a sphere that I'm scared of. I don't know anything about. I try to stay off social media as much as I can. So I'm wondering what's alive for you, because I feel like sometimes the digital sphere and the real world can be totally different realities. And I'm curious what's most alive or what are you working on in the digital sphere that feels juicy or intense in this particular moment?
That's a great question. What feels alive for me right now really is experiencing the world, having there's tension between the world that is filled with division. Right. And and then there's so much space of love in the digital space. Like I've been using computers since I was like 11 years old. That's how I found my identity as a trans person, like not having the language, but understanding that if I was in this virtual space and I had to choose between like a boy and a girl avatar, choosing the boy avatar constantly meant something.
And it became really deeply rooted, a rooted part of my identity. And ever since understanding that freedom of expression in that way, I knew that technology was going to play a huge role in my life. And so I've done that in my professional life by working at top tech companies, whether it was in HR or doing just digital work. And so now working in a church and focusing on digital ministry or communications, which is digital, I have just learned so much.
I've realized that I love to know what people are searching. I like to know what people are thinking. And the more that I spend time doing that, the more I spend time on, well, how many people searched white Christian nationalists this week or how many people search fascism or how many people searched the names of these politicians or how many people searched am I loved, right, or how do I get a break up? And you and you realize that the normal questions that you think of to see numbers like, you know, five point million people searched what I do.
My partner cheats on me, something like that. It just it makes you realize how human everybody is and how how our deepest, darkest secrets or the parts of ourselves that we try to hide are in these digital spaces. But then also there are all of the moments that we see, like millions at a protest.
Yeah.
You know, kings, people, people literally cross boundaries of religion and gender, race to work together for like showing love to communities they've never met or people going to like a restaurant because they saw that it's a mom and pop shop that has no customers and like traveling states away to go to like place they found on TikTok. So for me right now, what's alive is love and technology. Like while there's all this chaos and hate, there are millions and millions of people doing what I feel like is God's work on this planet.
Yeah. That's such a different and beautiful perspective. It does feel hopeful in that way. And a good reminder that humans are still being human behind a lot of these computers, especially in this moment where it feels like AI is kind of taking over in a fearful and scary kind of way. So that is wild and amazing. And it makes me it leads me to the question about ministry, because this isn't new. It isn't like you just decided a couple of years ago, like I'm going to be in ministry.
You come from ministry. You grew in ministry. You are currently deep in ministry of your own. Will you tell us a little bit about that journey, particularly in the context of being Puerto Rican, Latina, you know, in New York, any of those pieces. Tell us about that lived experience around church and religion and how you find your way even now in religion and church, because I feel like I get asked the question all the time. How is it possible that you're queer and a minister or queer and a woman and whatever?
So I'm sure that you get asked this everywhere you go. Will you tell us whatever version of that you want to tell us?
So I am ex-evangelical, even though I still call myself evangelical, you know, I'm still same. I'm still Pentecost, you know, you can't take that out of me. Yes, I feel that way, too. It forms everything. Don't talk to me. Don't talk to me about a pantomime or anything. Because I'll do it. So I grew up Pentecostal in a Spanish speaking church in a, I don't know how to say it, like in a sector or in a concilio, like a council that my family governs.
That council right now has about 700 churches from Brooklyn to Kenya. Like my family is in Kenya right now going to visit their churches. And my family has a lot of influence in New York. My family owns the largest Spanish speaking evangelical radio station that exists right now. They also very much work in the government with the mayor and the president, things like that. My family also organized the largest anti same sex protests in the state of New York. That was in 2009.
So I come from a very governing, very governing family.
Yeah.
Very, very documentary worthy, probably. And yeah. And so I mean, I was born into ministry. I mean, that meant Sundays we had worship from 9 to 7 p.m. and one hour break Monday through Friday was from 5 p.m. to 10 p.m. And then my family also opened up their own seminaries. And so that's the seminary that I went to, their English version. You know, like long story short, coming out as a trans person in that space was extremely difficult, especially being a part of the pastor's family, because my last name holds a lot of weight, especially in New York and in Puerto Rico.
I mean, people have like named streets after us. Bella has all of my family stuff all over there. That's where Silver Street is at. And it's just been very it was it was difficult. My family governed in a way that was very. How do I say it? Disciplinary, publicly like shaming. When I came out, well, I was forced out after I was forced out because somebody revealed to these like audio tapes they had of me after I promised I wouldn't like be with a woman and I wouldn't be a lesbian.
I had a mentor that was like audio recorded me for five years and presented it to my family and I got put on public display and then I could go through conversion therapy and all of this stuff. And it didn't work because I decided to leave. But when I left, I just kind of like went into the streets. And like for someone like me who was coming from a background like mine, I was going into the secular streets. Yeah, I was I was very religious in a in the hood.
But I knew that the world was secular. Like I only watched Matlock and I love Lucy and Little House on the Prairie. Like I didn't know what was. I was a. Yeah, so but but then I had this very deep encounter where I was willing to end my life at some point because I understood that I lost everything I had because I was out of my community and I could never access this thing where it felt like I was a guy because I didn't have the language and I didn't know what to do.
And so because I felt like God had left me, I decided one day that I was going to end my life. And I had prayed for something. And God did that miracle that day. And that's when I decided, like, God's not done with me yet, you know, as a man. And so that's where I found the Presbyterian Church. And in the Presbyterian Church, that's where I serve right now since 2019 as an elder on the LGBT advocacy, on the Permanent Judicial Commission, on Commission on Ministry, General Assembly.
I do anything I can because you have a voice and I come from a place where you had to have a last name for things. So it wasn't really about what the what the body needed.
Knowing that you've been through that valley of the shadow of death, I'm wondering if you see folks online who are in that same place. And I am sure that it's very possible that there are folks listening to our podcast today who have that experience of growing up so close to faith in church and family and pastor's families and feeling that weight and that mantle of responsibility of how we're supposed to be. And when the exorcism doesn't work or the laying on of hands or the conversion therapy doesn't work, and yet we still remain who we are and it feels like God hates us and there's nothing left.
I wonder if you could share a little bit about what is your message or what is your spiritual takeaway from those experiences? I would say conversion therapy is absolutely evil. And I'm curious what your experience with that is. But what would you tell our audience if they find themselves in a similar place?
Yes, I agree. Conversion therapy is evil. I think one of the strongest memories I have. Are like being in the middle of a room with women praying around me and grabbing me and shaking me and telling me that a demon was going to come out. And I lived with that understanding of myself for such a long time, for such a long time. Wow. That's like the first time I said that out loud. So I'm like, it just hit me. I lived with that for such a long time.
And, you know, I mean, this is in the digital spaces. Like I said, I think that it is especially near Easter and Christmas. That's when you see the highest searches for does God love me gay? Am I? Does Jesus love me? Can I pray to Jesus and be gay? I mean, those are very specific questions, you know, questions I've definitely asked myself. And I just want folks to know, like if you're if you're dealing with that, that's something that you're questioning, like God already knows you, you know, like I mean, I can't even believe we have to say this, you know, like the world has made you think the opposite of this while we use verses like knew you in the womb and, you know, flesh of my flesh or to dust.
We will return as if like that that existence wasn't there already. Like you were already understood. You were already known fully, not like you were known until you did this like that thing. And then all of a sudden you're no longer known. You know, like you are always called to love and love was always called to you. And so I want you to feel like, you know, the haters have a have a space in your life because this when you allow yourself and you open your heart to actually receive the love that you deserve, like this this pure, like the omnipotent love like this, it truly is to me like Alpha and Omega, it truly is like beginning and like I see my whole story in the way that I feel loved.
It is life saving. It saved my life. And it wasn't until I allowed myself to break through all of the shame and to just say like these verses or like this story is was really about me. You know, it's not about anybody else. So I'm just sending prayers and hope that you feel that soon.
Yes. Isn't that so wild what we have been taught to believe about God? I feel like all of my questions and all of my concerns around queerness and transness and polyamory we were talking about a little bit earlier, all of that stuff that we were told or that I was definitely taught when I think about the reflection that it was on me, it was very scary. But now at this point, when I think about like what is this God that they have constructed for us that doesn't sound anything like God that I know, like a God who is uninterested in things being creative and diverse.
And it's like, but that's the same God that created the fruit and the flowers and the animal. Like there's nothing in the natural world that indicates that God is this very rigid, boring, very square kind of idea of you must be this or that. I'm like that everything in nature points to the opposite or that God is far away and removed and can't be close to anything like bodies or suffering. And it's like now it seems absurd, this God that they've constructed for us, that I'm just like that doesn't sound anything like the God I've been taught, that I know, that I feel in my being, who is much closer to a drag queen than is to like a rigid, heterosexual, very sexually repressed and very run of the mill kind of worker, laborer.
It just, does that happen to you where you're like, wait a second, that didn't make sense then, but somehow I was believing it anyway?
I, when I found out that, I almost cursed, when I found out that the seahorse changes its gender, I was like, oh, I'm sorry, God created the seahorse and y'all got an issue with me, bro? Like, you know, like you got animals changing their gender, like just because they want to, like, I mean, it's exactly what you're saying. When I see the flowers bloom, when I see the sun and the moon not intertwined, like when I see them taking up their own space, I'm like, that's me, you know, like, doesn't it say, aren't we more than, I don't want to say more than animals, but aren't we, that's what the Bible verse says, aren't we worth more than, than the creatures?
Like aren't, that God would not love us so deeply. And I'm like, if you see all of these, these beautiful creations that exist and to know that they were so intricately made, I feel like it's almost a disservice to the creativity of God to say, I need to be in this very like random, structured way that doesn't even exist in some parts of the world. Yeah.
And I think it's also true in communities that it's like, when I pay attention to who's giving the critique or who's asking the very invasive questions about how this is possible or how you have sex or what body parts you have, all of this stuff. Now, at this point, I could be like, oh, this is about you. This is about your fear. This is about your panic that maybe you might have some of something in common with us. And it's not actually about God at all.
And I think there's this concept that has a fancy name called apophatic, the apophatic nature of God, which is basically the mystery of God. And I really loved, it wasn't until divinity school that I learned about it, but it was this, it's like spending time recognizing that we aren't ever going to know the expansiveness of God. And it's actually very arrogant and prideful to have to make God make sense and therefore God's creation to make sense or, or act like we can understand the breadth and depth and width of God's creativity and mystery.
And I feel like we as queer and trans people live into that apophatic nature of God of like, I don't know how and why I am this way, but what I know for certain is that God loves me, that God made me this way, that God and I are in this thing together and that I feel much closer to God and aligned with my purpose in this form than any other form. Can you tell us how you got to this place where you can celebrate who you are and see yourself as beautiful and, and be in ministry in ways that even though that was so painful, here you are being an alternative vision of what that could be?
Yeah, I just want to say amen to what you said earlier. Yeah, it's just, yeah, I'm like, if you want to be, if you want to say missionary your whole life, that's you.
Identify as a missionary, just to the church instead of on behalf of the church.
Oh my God, yeah, yeah, but to what you said, I, it was through me forcing like like this, trying to trick myself, like I didn't actually believe at first that I was like holy, you know, that I was a little less than, than God as, as the psalmist says, it was really when I was looking for a church. So I, you know, I was going to end my life. I told God in a prayer, like you need to make someone who I'd never speak to come up to me and tell me this exact thing, or I'm taking my life and I know that you're a fake.
And then a white woman with blonde hair and blue eyes the next day comes up to me and says, I had a dream about you. And God told me to tell you that my son is trans and I accept him and God loves him and all this stuff. And I broke down and cried. And then the next day I started my, I did exactly what I knew best. And I started evangelizing. And so I went to the streets and I went looking for queer folks since I found a great organization in New York.
And, but then I found out going there that I was very misogynistic and I was very homophobic and I was very transphobic. And I was like all these things because I only existed in that space. I only knew that even though I knew it was wrong. After that, I was like, I need to find a safer church or somewhere that's going to like teach me patiently because that organization was like, nah, you can't be here like doing, you know, and respectfully.
So until I started going into churches in New York and interrupting the service, like in the middle of the sermon and standing up and saying, I'm trans, like, do you accept this? And I learned, well, I was always kicked out.
I love that. Good job. Holy troublemaker right there.
Causing a bad name for myself in every church. And I was like, let me go to another one that looks like a little nicer. And my 17th church was a Presbyterian church. And it was with Reverend Adrienne Thorne, who is just like an angel. I didn't do it during her sermon because I knew better than to interrupt a black woman because I was like, I'm not going to do that. That's right. Yeah, I just knew not to do it. But then during the praise of the people, that's when I did it.
And instantly people in the church started walking up to me, hugging me, like saying, like, I'm so loved here. Like we have gender neutral bathrooms. I was like, what? You know, I just it blew my mind. And it was really through. Finding like minded people that were willing to hold me. I really needed community because I came from a space where we slept over each other's houses. We had vigilias every every weekend. My family owns camps in different states so that if it was Halloween, we were not with the secular world.
We were with each other praying. And I came from a space where I only knew what it meant to be in a body of Christ. And so when I realized that the world was like the places that they thought were secular were actually Christ and flesh everywhere I went, I realized I have to be in communion with them. And so as I started doing that, I started volunteering a lot of my time to clean out churches, to clean out organizations, to like give back reparations basically for like what I had done wrong, like being fatphobic and all these things that I shouldn't have been.
And through that, that's where I found my passion for advocating and for being an activist and just being a servant, as I've always wanted to be.
You know, so many of our people in our community have a variety of experiences. So many of us don't come out because we're scared of losing our community and our families. And that is a very valid concern. And I'm curious if your family has come around or if you found different forms of family, what is your experience now having been outed and taken that path, that very brave path of trying to find truth for you and find a path and that that was still aligned and connected with God is such a miracle.
Doesn't happen for all of us. But what about that family piece? Because I think so many of our listeners will relate to that church and community and family being all of life and all that there was.
It was very difficult. I had lost everything. I mean, my best friends, everyone I knew, even the person they tried to arrange me to marry, like I lost everybody. I was like, damn, even him. I lost everybody. And I have five siblings and lots of cousins, ministers, pastors of many churches. It took a long time to come around. But right now, they are my everything. I mean, me and my sisters, you cannot separate us. My mother, who I like just it was the hardest for her.
She is my best friend. My family. I think what happened was that they forgot that they raised an evangelist. I don't care what you think about me. Evangelicals have a lot of confidence. And I was glad I was born with that like ignorant, like I don't give a F about what you think because I know what I know. And so they gave me the people that like hated my sin the most, gave me the greatest gift I could have ever asked for, which was my relationship with Jesus.
I started believing in Jesus as my Messiah, July 7th of 2007. But they gave me my story of faith. Like they gave me a start from, they gave me all of the foundation of what it meant to go protest in the world and to go stand for justice, even if our measurements of justice were different. They understand why I would stand up for myself. And I think there was a respectability that came with that, even though there's constant misgendering and there's constant this and that, I, for me personally, you know, I mean, I think women are great and fems are great.
So like, I don't care if you, you know, I don't care about that. Like I am who I am. And I look, you know, if you want to call me beautiful, I'm okay with that. I'm just in this place where I feel so confident that God loves me so much that there's nothing that anybody could say to me that would like, one be worse than what I've experienced. And two would even make me think otherwise.
Yes. Oh my gosh. I cannot tell you how much I resonate with that. And that is why I also identify as evangelical because I'm like, I am the natural consequence of what y'all raised, what y'all raised plus what God made me as those two together. There is, I still identify as evangelical, even though no evangelical church would take me at this point. But it's like what you taught me about, it was me and Jesus against the world. What you taught me about being beloved, about God being present and available at any hour of any day to listen to my most minuscule question, thought, curiosity, celebration, praise, gratitude.
That is literally the core of who I am. And so once I got clear that me and God were good and that I felt most aligned when I was the fullness of myself and not hiding myself under a bushel and not worried about other people, the judgment of the world, when I went right back to that, it's me and God. And then nobody could tell me nothing. Cause I was like, me and God, we are solid. Like I am clear. My prayer life is clear.
God talks to me loudly. I sometimes listen and sometimes I'm stubborn, but you can't tell me not to. And you can't tell me to be quiet because even though what I'm preaching about and what I'm evangelizing about is a different horizon. And the topics are different around bodily autonomy, around justice, liberation, our people suffering. I can do all of that with confidence that it's like, as long as God is here and as God is listening to me, then the rest of them will just have to get in line because it's not about that.
It's about me filling my call and my duty and my purpose, which is to tell the good news that I know. And so I'm like, I am nothing but evangelical. There's not another word for it.
Oh my God. I know. And it's so rare that I find, it's so rare to find somebody that feels that way because there's such a negative connotation with even, you know, evangelicals, which I understand, but I just, I really, I always say this, we need to think like evangelicals. We have to be like that. We have to be that audacious and we have to do better marketing plans. And we have to, because while we're like over here trying to get things right, like the liberal church is trying to do what they can or just folks that are fighting for what belongs to them, they are doing that times 10.
They are staying in their houses and in their churches, like sleeping on the floor to strategize how they're going to do like converting and go on the train and sing and give out tracks. And, you know, like they are just so on it. And I just, I resonate with it because it's like my whole life, you know?
So I have fantasies about all the tracks that we could create on our side. I just, I dream about it. We talk about it at work all the time. We have a laundry list of ones that we would love to create. So it's all my to-do list, but- They call me, I want to give them. Okay. So let's talk about the digital space. What does activism look like for you in digital space? Where do you find you're in? What is the things that blow your mind that you're like, I cannot believe we're talking about this.
What are the things that blow your mind in a exciting way of like, wow, we're getting to this conversation online. Help those of us who are not technologically savvy and don't spend any time on TikTok know about this work in that sphere?
There are, just in the religious space, there are so many people talking about God on TikTok and online. I mean, there is an influx of young conservative Christians coming up. They really are. Like when they say that in the news, they do mean that because there is an influx of them. They are all over online and that's really scary. You know, that's really scary with the ideas that they come with and with the violence that it can come with. And just with their minds that are wired differently than even folks like mid thirties like me that grew up with a lot of technology, but also don't understand it at the rate as someone that's like 20 years old.
You know, that one thing is like, it feels like what probably was going on in like the seventies on TV, but on TikTok, you know, and it has that same impact. It really does. The great things I'm seeing are so many people coming together to defend the community. I mean, I can't tell you how many DMs I get like a week that say like, you're trans and Christian. And like, it just really makes me understand like my grandson and can I ask you questions or even on TikTok watching like all these trans women who are just so phenomenal that are literally putting themselves on the line every single day digitally, like to be doxed, to get harassed, just to educate people on why trans women are women.
You know, like why trans women deserve safety, taking the time to do the work that trans women have always done for all of us. I mean, digital spaces. And so I get to witness that and I get to go and pay roses and pennies and money as much as I can to support their work. But in the digital spaces, I mean, I'm seeing a lot of debate around ethics and what is moral and what is true. Does God exist? And there are so many people that are looking for that answer right now.
And there's so many people that are confused on who to go to for that. And so I'm seeing all these young, great people and older folks who have been doing this work for decades, learning to use technology to fill the gap, answering those questions for them. It really is like, I mean, I really do see like a 50-50 debate between does God exist and what God is that that exists and which side do you want to go on? It's a lot of division, but a lot of community at the same time.
I have a question for you. This is the question I get asked most often because I will often when I'm giving a talk or whatever, I will kind of just throw in like, and Jesus was trans or Jesus could have been trans or God is trans. It's one of those things that I'm like, I can defend this down to my toes, like 10 toes down, I can defend this. But it's not the point of my talk. I've been asked to give a talk about democracy or whatever the thing is, right?
And in our conversations, I've heard you drop that same little nugget. And so I'm like, all right, here's the opportunity for our listeners who have not come to one of those talks or aren't in the digital sphere, because I get literally asked every single time I drop that. And it can be a two-hour talk. And that will be the thing that people will get in line and be like, all right, explain to me, because I don't know what in the world you're talking about.
So I have my script of all the things that I think, because I think there are seven ways from Sunday that God is trans. I would love to hear you as a trans person who also drops that line. Tell us about the divine and transness and how those things go together.
Yes, I do always say God is trans because God is trans and God is queer, and Jesus is trans and Jesus is queer. And I think people, for me personally, I think that people get stuck in this like, how could you say God is this thing? And I'm like, but why? Like the point is that God is everything. Like for you to even imagine that God had one small identity, like how dare you spew blasphemy from your face. Like I just, it feels like the largest sin that anybody could ever do to me.
It's like, you know, you're talking about me going to hell and I'm like, I guess me and you will be sitting next to each other because the way you're talking about this wondrous, large, glorious God that we have, that we believe created the heavens and the earth and all of the things that we just recently saw in the new, you know, with the, in space and everything that exists right now. To think that God is not this transient, liminal, like being this, I just feel for me, it's hard for me to explain it in my human language because my soul knows it so deeply.
Like my spirit understands it so deeply. Like I feel that once I accepted the Holy Spirit into my life, I feel that that was this eternal understanding of that. I could never even dare to think that I understood, but that when I get there, when I meet my maker, that it would be this beautiful thing that I could not have imagined to know existed. And that was the same instance I had with my trans. It's the first time I had ever met a trans woman or a trans person.
It was a trans woman. She was yelling at me about something that I said. Like she came in with this red lipstick and she was 6'4", and she had this long wig. And she was just like, do you know who you're speaking to? One, like, yes, I love Adam too, you know? Yes, absolutely. But also just, it was this holy righteousness that she was holding where she like gave me justice in the way that I needed. And I knew that one day I wanted to be like that, or one day I wanted to serve someone like that, or one day I wanted to just be a part of that.
And as I saw myself transition, everything I've done from hormones to surgery to changing my name to, I'm always becoming. I'm always becoming. And that's just what that is to me, is the revelation of what it means to become. And I can't separate that from anybody, from any person and especially not the trans community, whom I believe is in Isaiah, right? We'll have names greater than daughters and sons. And I just think that we are this thing that Jesus understood so deeply, that Jesus was willing to make this very large statement to a gender fluent or gender queer or gender variant group of folks.
I feel that we are connected through the misunderstandings. And so that feels very trans and queer to me because I feel that that is the one, these are the communities that are most likely to be misunderstood, most likely to be targeted, most likely to be X, Y, Z. And I feel that it's true also for God and most for Jesus. And so I feel connected in that way. But I would love to hear what you are thinking, a person who is much more knowledgeable than me.
No, I love that. It feels like the unfolding, oftentimes in a scolding way, because that is my kind of Dom persona. When I'm giving a talk to Christians, I say to them, what if we acted like God was real? What if we acted like we actually believed that the Holy Spirit was alive and present in all of us and all of creation? What if we moved through the world knowing that God was still speaking, to use the phrase from the UCCs, to know that the kingdom that we have been promised is happening amongst us and we moved and acted like that.
So what you're saying feels so in line with that becomingness of the divine in us and through us and in creation. And I talk about Jesus as trans in a very concrete way of like, if Jesus is God, then God transitioned from God into flesh, back into spirit. God transitioned in through hell and back up again through life, through death. And then I love, I mean, it's painful, but I love that there is this image of Jesus on the cross, where they spear him to make sure, to speed his death, you know?
And what comes out is water and blood. These are the kinds of things that are right there in the text, but one doesn't notice them because you get taught a particular way. It took me decades for somebody to be like, it says it right there. And me being like, oh my gosh, it does say it. And this professor I had in div school was like, you know what comes out of somebody's body if you stab them? It's not water and blood.
That's an amniotic fluid birth analogy around Jesus birthing the body of Christ or church. And I was like, okay, we have a savior, a Messiah, a Christ who is penetrated and who then as a consequence of that penetration has a birthing experience to create new life, something new, a new covenant, a new promise. And that is the most transness I can imagine, right? And we have this human who hangs out with men and with women who lifts up eunuchs, all of these things that are very counter-cultural at the least and very, very queer at the most.
Two centers, chosen family over blood family. And there's just, there's endless numbers of those things. The way that God transitions through generations, through beings, breathes the breath of life into us, transitions from breath of spirit into breath of life, into oneness. And so I have, there's so many things, the transfiguration that happens with Jesus. There's just endless quantities of these things that we even use words that have the prefix trans. And like 16 of them, I have a resource about it if folks want to look deeper into it.
But there's just so many ways that we could get at this understanding of transitioning from one form to another, of people in the Bible, holy people taking new names when they have this changed experience where their old life is one way and they see things and they see themselves a new way. So they take on a new name to represent that newness. And that as Christians, people who are baptized, you get baptized. And for those of us who are evangelical, Protestant, especially those of us who dunk, it's like a literal representation of dying of one life and coming up in a new life.
I'm like, if that is not a trans experience, I do not know what is a trans experience. It is so clear. I'm like, defend that God is not trans to me. That seems like a harder road to hoe.
Yeah, and don't forget Jesus acting very trans man-ish by showing Thomas his scars. I'm like, okay, Jesus, like, relax. You know, like, I mean, you know, go off the scars.
That's what we- Have you seen, there's an amazing photographer who did a whole series where she literally imposes the traditional classic paintings of Jesus showing his scars to Thomas with trans men who have had top surgery and like puts them together. It is gorgeous. And I will never be able to unsee that. Literally, never be able to unsee that again. And the fact that Jesus comes back with scars, right? Jesus doesn't come back in perfect form that has no evidence of his wounds, of the suffering, of the way that the world treated him.
He chose to come back in a way that honors that past, that honors his story and his narrative. And that, for me, feels right. Like, I wanted Jesus who has scars, not one who was perfect and pure. And, you know, we can't know what his story is about. You know?
Listen, I'm for, I always say this, I want a resurrection that shows the violence, because that's what I resurrected from, that's what the resurrection was about. So I, yeah, Jesus is trans, God is trans. Amen!
I'm glad that we were able to say that and it had nothing to do with democracy.
I will stand on that principle.
And also Jesus gets very service-dom vibes, you know, like I'm proud service-dom here, but I'm like, you know, I feel like Jesus was very, it's a very clear story.
Can I confess something on this very public podcast? One of the communities that I consider one of my core communities that I minister to, that I serve, is the kink community. And there's a wonderful conference called Sex Down South that I went to many, many years. And I did a workshop, maybe my most popular workshop that I did there was called Jesus Was a Power Bottom. And it was all about engaging with this concept of the divine and what happens if you put God in a different position.
One of our brilliant participants said that they saw God as this evil sky daddy. And so part of the healing work was about rewriting that story and putting God in a different position, not as this evil white sky daddy who was looking down to punish us, but what about Jesus on a table? What about Jesus in service? What about Jesus in a different kind of service bottom or top position? So I feel like there's so much juiciness there around shifting the way we've been taught who God is and how God is and what God's position is.
So I'm delighted to hear you say that.
I hope that exists somewhere because I'd love to do that.
Yes, we'll have to resurrect it and do it again sometime. It was really fun and it was really healing for folks in that community in particular because we in the kink world are usually so ostracized from all of spirit spaces and we have similar religious trauma and spiritual violence that happened to us. All right, last question. I can't believe we're this close to our time, but I want to know where are the lineages? Who are the ancestors? Where is your fount of wisdom that you can return to time and again that help remind you who you are, that help you know who God is?
They can be blood ancestors. They can be cultural touch points, writers. Who and what is that for you?
I mean, I know Jesus is living still, but one is Jesus. That is my… Jesus is the first activist I've ever read about and so always holds that space in my heart. And I can't forget all of the trans, like I say, all of the trans women that have paved the way for me to even think about being who I am. I am so grateful and constantly just lifting them up in my heart, just thinking like, wow, I mean, just the point that I couldn't even speak on it was because of a trans woman.
So thank you so much. But then just the women in my family, my family is heavily ordained with women. I mean, there's just so many, but there's three that come to mind. One, my aunt, Anita Quintana. She's just everything to me. Oh my God. She passed. All these people have passed, but she just has been just such an example of what love, actual love looks like in the world. She was a mother to so many people and took in so many kids that was not hers through many circumstances.
And she just lit up this world completely. I'm thinking of my aunt who was the head of the governing family and the first woman to serve in that role and how she paved the way for all of the women. And it was only because I grew up as a girl and a woman that I'm even able to be who I am today. I'm just so grateful for that. And my grandmother, who was living in Puerto Rico, finding my grandfather, who was the first enslaved person in Bayamón to learn how to read and drive through her.
She was sneaking around with him, coming from a light-skinned family, just taking risks and loving fiercely and making my home in it. So I'm just so grateful to the actual women in my life that I have been able to meet and hug and kiss and hold. I'm just so grateful for their leadership. That's exactly how I can have the courage to say anything I do.
Thank you for that. Will you leave us with a word? We have so many folks listening to us who are hearing about our community for the first time, who have lived in this diasporic reality of being in the U.S., but coming from a different place and that being central to our beliefs, to our culture, who have put a lot on the line, losing family, community, so much like your story. It just feels so deeply representative of how far we have to come in the Latina community, especially in the diaspora, how much fear we have of losing where we come from and our communities of support.
And no one better than you to offer the word of hope or who we should be thinking about as family, who God is, any of those as we close our session. I would just love to give you the floor for a minute.
Yeah, well, I'm going to bring something that you taught me a long time ago. The first session I saw that was the first room, and that's why I remember your session so clearly, that I had ever been asked to think about safety in a way that encompasses all of my senses and to think about the boundaries I had between being comfortable and stretching and panicking. Right now in this space, I want to press that little bit of knowledge, even though maybe they've been asked that before and or maybe they haven't, but to think about what safety looks like for them.
What does this smell like? This is exactly how you said it. What does this smell like? What does it taste like? What does it sound like? What does it look like? And if you're in this space and something feels unsafe, there goes the exit. You can leave at any time, but you can also come back. Experience safety in a nice and pleasant way. I hope that folks right now who might be feeling unsafe, for these folks first, please look for your safety.
That is the most important thing. And get it, no matter how you have to get it. I've been there. I've done that. I've done a lot of things that I had to do to be where I had to be, and there's no shame in doing what you need to do to be safe, so please take care of yourselves. And for folks who have the privilege to help other people, you have this space. Maybe you have a couch someone can sleep on.
Maybe you have food you can give. Please provide that, because for me, if I had not ever been asked that, if I had not ever witnessed queerness and Christianity in the same space, if I had never been so desperate for a sign and going to another state to find this thing, I don't think that I would be here. I don't think that I would have known that there was a pathway, and so trying to be that for each other right now, when there's so much hate all over the place, where there's fear of just stepping outside, or fear of does someone's doorbell get our face, and that means it's just ridiculous.
You can't do anything without being fearful, and so right now, we have to protect each other more than we can, and remember that you are loved infinitely.
Yes. You are such a blessing and such a gift. Thank you for your time today. I just am over the moon that our community got to hear from you. I am so, so grateful.
No, thank you. Thank you so much. I love the work that you're doing, and I'm so glad to be a part of it.
That's our episode for today, loves. I have so enjoyed our conversation with Zayn, and I hope you really did too. We're more than halfway through the season of Shameless Theology, and we would love to hear from you. Reach out through our website at soulforce.org or find us on socials at soulforce.org altogether. What have you loved so far about the season, and what would you like to hear more about? There has been so much work involved in developing and releasing our book, and sometimes the work gets theoretical or technical, and we can get swept up in the details.
The conversations we have here on Shameless Theology help center this work as ministry, connecting concepts to the people who are experiencing them. We are so thankful for those who are willing to share their stories and to recognize spiritual trauma and show us how they responded to it. We're all on different points in our journey, and every journey is different, but remember, you are not alone on your path. Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology.
I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences, and imagine faith beyond violence. If you want to go deeper, you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith here in the show notes. You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders, and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction.
If something in today's dialogue resonated with you, maybe it stirred something and settled something or helped you find language for your own story, then you have found yourself in the right place. Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content. Whoever you are and wherever you find yourself in this time, questioning, grieving, rebuilding, or reclaiming, I am so grateful that you are here. May your theological imagination remain ever alive, and may you find spaces that honor your full, blessed humanity.
With hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding, until next time, I'm Rev. Sex, and this is Shameless Theology.
▶ S2:08 — Beyond the Binary: Embracing Queerness within Faith with Dr. Arelis Benítez, Part 138 min 21 sec
Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, who is an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA plus people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the executive director at Soulforce and I am honored and delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it.
This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith. Together we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together we name the harm, not as abstract theories, but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing, and we'll be doing plenty of that too. These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony.
You'll hear stories of resilience, liminality, code-switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred, even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions, or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business and pleasure with Shameless Theology. Today we're bringing you the first of a two-part conversation with our beloved friend and dear colleague, Dr.
Arelis Benítez. Her encouragement and editorial support with our new book, Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena that Defile the Faith, were pivotal and critical in us getting this work out and into your hands, so we thank her so much for that. Five years ago, we were honored to have Ali as a guest on Teología sin Vergüenza in Spanish, and today we'll hear her reflect on what that was like to speak publicly about her identity for the first time. In this episode, Ali invites us into the complexity of her story as a queer daughter of undocumented immigrant parents, and how she was profoundly shaped by the Seventh-day Adventist tradition, which is held fiercely with a kind of deep love and contradictions that we know so many faith communities can hold.
She speaks honestly about the nervousness of returning to this topic, and the weight of language, English and Spanish, and how each tongue carries a different version of her story and experience. As we continue our season long exploration of spiritual violence, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, and spiritual trauma, Ali helps us see how these forces take shape not only in just doctrine, but particularly in the way that it splits body from spirit, in the fear of losing community, and in the impossible contradictions placed on queer people who are told to love God while denying the truth of our own hearts.
We'll explore the brilliant survival strategies of a theological imagination built in secret, and the quiet insistence that God has always known us, even when our churches refuse to. I also want to let you know that this episode includes a reference to suicide. If you or someone you know is struggling with thoughts of self-harm or suicide, please reach out for help. Know that you are precious, you are loved, and you are not alone. Call or text the National Suicide and Crisis Lifeline at 988.
You can also contact the Trevor Project, which offers 24-7 support for LGBTQ youth through text or online chat. We'll add these resources in the show notes as well. This is a conversation about hurt and harm, but mostly about clarity, resistance, and the sacred work of telling the truth. Here is part one of our conversation with Dr. Arelis Benítez.
So today we're here to have this conversation with our dear Ali, our friend and colleague. And Ali, first thing we would like to know is how do you feel today to talk with us in general? How do you feel?
Nervous!
I woke up nervous about this interview today when I started asking myself why, seeing though that I know each one of you have much love for each of you, this is not that kind of nervousness. But what it is, it's that the topic and that the last time that I did a public recording about this topic was also with Soulforce years ago, through the Teología sin Vergüenza podcast, and why that day and that interview was particularly impactful for my life, because it was my first public declaration of my identity.
In fact, I took once the podcast was published, I took the link and I put it on my Instagram. And it was also in Spanish. And so that was also a really big deal. Because it would impact the communities that are closest to me and also the most that are the ones that are most difficult for me to talk through this topic about. And so even this morning, I was like, is this going to be in Spanish or in English, because my experiences will be different.
In English, I feel more empowered to be able to say this is what happened to me, these are the powers and the systems behind it. But in Spanish, it's more like my heart hurts. I feel disconnect from church community, I feel disconnect from family in various degrees, even though we're close, there's still a distance between us around my sexuality. And so I thought, well, the stories are going to be different if I say them in Spanish or versus in English, also because I lived them differently culturally, right?
So to experience something in Espanol, with a cultural background of it is much different than the English. So I just wanted to name that. And hopefully by naming it, it can get out of my body and I can focus on the rest of the questions. The last thing I'll say is nervousness also comes because after that interview, I decided I was just going to live my best life. And that was that was the focus. So before that it was constant ruminating and thinking about my pain, my trauma, my hurt, the resources that I had or did not have, who I would lose.
And it was constant. I'm talking minute by minute that I was always in this space of pain. So being able to say it's out, I'm here, I have a supportive community felt wonderful. And I've just kind of been riding that high. It hasn't been perfect, but it hasn't been the pain from before. And now it's like, oh, no, we're going to talk about it again. But if if my experience could help communities also and individuals sort their thoughts and their processes out, I'm here for it.
So thank you.
Thank you. That makes true that speaking a different language language, it's also the possibility of naming different things and explaining and looking to the world from different eyes. So now that we are in the English English version of these you and this conversation, can you tell us a little about you? I mean, whatever you would like to share and how these connects with the topics we are going to talk about today.
I think I'd like to orient my identities, I think, in the context of the conversation that we're having, which is this book on spiritual violence and other terms that I think the English version says that defile faith very carefully chosen words. So in the context of our conversation, I would like to identify as a queer woman, first generation daughter of Mexican migrant parents who exists or maybe coexists and loving tension with a Christian faith traditions, more specifically the Seventh- day Adventist church.
You're very familiar with the book and the concepts and you have been super important in the process of building and confronting and questioning what we want to say, which words to use. We know that you know what the concepts are. We would like to hear more from you about which one of these concepts that we use in the book feel closest to you or most relevant to your own experiences. And I think that will lead us a little bit more into your different identities and intersections.
And we are aware that the concepts shift, right? There's spaces where some concepts hurt more than others. So we know it's like a moving thing. But out of these five concepts, which is white Christian supremacy, spiritual violence, spiritual terrorism, religious abuse, and spiritual trauma, which ones do you feel closest to you? And when or where or why?
It was overwhelming to get through all of the concepts. I read them first in Spanish, but the one that definitely resonated the most for me was spiritual violence, that violencia espiritual, which felt right like that, like needle or that thorn in my heart of like, that's what this is. That pain that that boulder maybe even that I have felt in my chest is because of spiritual violence. And that is the term that has helped me give language and concepts and understanding to my experience that I was led to believe that if I felt the way that I did, it was my fault.
So one thing that I really also appreciate about the term is that they do a both and work right of talking about how it impacts us at the individual and internal level, but also how they are structured around us, their historical trajectory, the psychological, social, emotional impact of it all. And so it's a lot of different intersections to consider for each concept. But for me, I held spiritual violence as the final turning point of like, oh, something was done to me.
And this is the pain. This is where it stems from. And the more that I thought about the term, and even in preparation for our conversation today, I started thinking about how the first harm or the first act of spiritual violence that the did to me was to split my soul, my spirit from my body. And with that splitting to call the spirit and the soul good, that which is worthy, that which is eternal, and then the body bad, that which is temporary, that which doesn't last.
And so coupled with that, before that harm was for me in terms of my sexuality, which I wasn't articulating and actually running from at the time, I had my identity as the child of undocumented parents. And so that splitting that the church did also applied in a political context, because to be undocumented, it was a political bodily label. And so it was bad. And so it was just something that the world was doing. Right. And it actually helped me. It actually helped me because it made me think of like this label that the world has given me is temporary.
That's not what counts. That's not what matters unto salvation. So whatever people have to say about me, because my parents are undocumented, because I don't speak English well, because, you know, we don't have our own home because we don't vacation in the summers. It doesn't matter. What matters is that we come to church. What matters is that we love God. What matters is that we worship, that we praise, that our soul, that our character is developing and it's building. So that splitting from this undocumented, illegal space was helpful.
But then when I started applying and growing and maturing and changing, that splitting when so the political was external, it was the body and it was bad. The heart, the soul, the spirit was good. So when it came to my sexuality and me having feelings, right. So if I was protected from the external and the outside world, it was okay. I could reconcile even though it was harmful to I could reconcile it. But when my spirit, like in my heart, I was having feelings for another woman, then it was super harmful for me.
I don't know if that makes sense. And y'all can jump in if you'd like, because that's splitting no longer work. This was supposed to be the good space where good things could happen. And me loving another woman was a bad thing. It was part of the carnal, the bodily, the bad. And it messed me up because even at a young age, I thought to myself, but I'm not thinking sexually. I love her mind. I love that she loves God. I love that she loves the Bible more than I do.
That's what I'm in love with, but it doesn't fit here. And so that piece did not make sense to me. And I struggled with it for a very long time. And I had different waves of how I was trying to make that better for myself from repression to not acting on it, to considering, to having, I would have markers on my timeline. I would sketch these things out of like, when I could stop thinking about a girl. And I mean that literally singular because there was for many years, only one girl.
And it was reciprocated, but we both struggled and being from the same denomination and faith. And so I would have all these markers. And I remember one of the most impactful markers of when I would make this change was when I was at a Seventh-day Adventist institution and the professors and ministers there were talking about putting me on an ordination track. And I thought to myself, that's it. Once I have that ordination certificate, if I go through this process, having the support, the backing of my church, then I have to let this part of me go.
And in order, one of the ways that I conceptualized that was thinking, oh, I'll be like a nun. I'm not Catholic, but it'll be like nuns, right? So I had to look for models that were accessible to me of how do I make this make sense? Because from my theology, from my doctrine, it doesn't. And so I thought, well, God loves me. God just doesn't like this flaw, this sin in me. So I will just accept that it's some stain on me, but I won't act on it.
And so I kept trying to reconfigure my own theology and my own understanding of cells in a way that would cater to staying in community. And I think of all things, that was what was the most terrifying to me, to lose community, because I didn't have anywhere else to go. It was my family, and it was my church community. That was the refuge of undocumented people, right? And so if I didn't have those, then what do I have? Who do I have?
The people that were talking progressively around sexuality were white people in power. Are they going to take a little brown queer kid who didn't even understand or look up or identified herself as queer? Just knew that she had a sin on her. So all those conditions didn't allow me to, you know, I didn't have the words. I didn't have the language. I didn't have the community. And so I was just kind of stuck just trying to pull on things to make it make sense for me.
Yeah, it reminds me so much of that narrative. I want to go back a little bit to the splitting piece, because I think it talks of that idea of our body is carnal and of the earth, and therefore anything having to do with the body, including very relevant social justice issues, like hunger, like homelessness, like AIDS, like abortion, all of that stuff is relegated to the carnal world, and therefore because it's temporary as compared to your eternal soul, then it's not as important, like it's devalued.
And at least in my church, we didn't talk about it. It wasn't like we didn't believe that hunger wasn't bad. It was just not relevant compared to the eternity of our souls. And that division works well in lots of realms, but we are at this moment now where this love the sin or hate the sin kind of breaks down, right, basically based on that same division. Because if we now have most mainstream Christian churches accepting that we are born this way with these desires to love whoever it is that we love and whatever moment we are in our lives or around gender identity as well, that breaks down when we hit the internal part, because some churches now have the rhetoric of like, it's okay that you're that way, that you're crossed a bear, as long as you don't act on it.
But then if you separate like what I feel, what I believe on the inside, if I covet another man's wife, I've already committed adultery. All of that stuff was about what happens in the internal world. So if it is love the sin or hate the sin, and we accept that people are born queer or whatever form of deviance we are assigned, then what happens in the internal sphere is the only important sphere. And what do you do when you can't kill those thoughts, those desires, those identities, those things that just like your whole being says yes to, even though you've been told they're sinful.
I think that's a really, like that is a deep source of what I would say like leads to spiritual trauma. Because it's a particular kind of violence that is asking you to evaluate and monitor and control that which is within, which I think already happens with women and lots of other people. But I'm curious, like, can we get a little bit more into that spiritual violence as the big arcing umbrella? But there's this, I want to get to spiritual terrorism in a little while.
But I do want you to talk a little bit more about that experience of what do you think is happening? Or where do you see that breakdown in your theological experience around church when we have this internal versus like the world sphere? Because the other side of that is taking away community, which is exactly what you said, which is the like constant fear when for so many of our communities that have intersecting identities of oppression, community is everything, like literally, like where we access food, jobs, community, etc.
So a lot is at stake in figuring out what to do with that internal world.
I think one thing that came to mind was thinking that in my experience, like binary logic affected and harmed me, but it never had me. And I was thrown into polarities from a very young age, again, arriving to the US at six, seven years old. You know, for example, going to school, I was supposed to forget and to not let on that my parents were undocumented. Every time I came home, I was supposed and expected to not forget that my parents are undocumented, right?
And so for matters of safety at school, I had to act like that's not a topic of conversation that we're going to have, right? And try to assimilate and try to go with the way. But at home, it was constant reminders, seeing my father's hands, how rough, you know, seeing the labor. I never know how to feel about sharing this detail, but like the scent that most reminds me of my mom are not perfumes or flowers. It's cleaning supplies. Because I would open the door and receive her after a full day of cleaning houses.
And it's that scent that it's like, mom, or I will go with her over the weekends, right, to clean houses. And so the binary logic was ever so imposing, ever so like reminding me of where my place is and where my place is not. But the way that we were living life was always in a liminal space, was always in resistance to what the government says about me versus what God says about me. And so that's what I mean about my experience through the lens of undocumented and migrant narrative helped me be in the liminal space.
And at a very young age, I developed that threshold for the splitting and the resistance, even if I couldn't name it, even if it brought me down, even if it got me depression, even if it got me all sorts of illnesses, I was also surviving through them in very creative ways. And one of the most creative ways was that the God, the church didn't equal my relationship to God. Yes, I was, I mourn and I lament losing my church community, but I never lost my place with God.
I never have just because in my heart, when I would pray, even though even if the prayer said, God, take this away from me, I did not feel that God was condemning me. And then when I thought, and I would remember God called me into ministry at 18 years old, I have a very vivid like story and moment that's just very certain in my heart. And I would think to myself, here's what doesn't make sense. You knew me, yet you have known me according to the word of God itself, right?
Like since before my first breath came to be, you knew and you called me. So your perception of me must be different from what the world says about you and me. So I kind of put God in that same, you're being misrepresented and me too, but I didn't have the language to be able to articulate that. I didn't have a community. And so along comes the work that you all are doing in this book. And now it just has felt like, oh, I wasn't just in my head.
It wasn't just me. It's all of these processes that are happening that are affecting me and making me feel the way that I do. And I guess another way that I fought against this dichotomy and like splitting that the church can do is that eventually I had to keep, because everything that felt so contradictory, like love the sinner, not the sin, like be it, but don't become it or don't act on it. It's like, okay, well, let's take things like faith.
What does it mean for me to say, I am a woman of faith and never act on it? It doesn't make sense, right? So my way out of these contradictions that the binary logic was causing was to define for myself, what are my values and how do I live into an integrous life? I'm not perfect, but in as best as possible, live with integrity around the values that matter to me. Love matters to me deeply because if God is love and I believe in God, then love is central, is a central value.
Life, life matters to me. I had a turning point, actually, when I arrived here in Nashville, that things were getting so bad internally. And I was not talking to anyone, not reaching out for help, not knowing that I could or what I would say. And I was a trained chaplain by the time I arrived here. And one thing that I had learned in chaplaincy training was around like the difference between suicidal ideation when it comes to depression and then actually inching over into committing, like having a plan for suicide.
And that happened to me while I was here, you know, that I struggled with suicidal ideation, but I knew that it was a matter of me wanting to just go to sleep and rest. It wasn't that I hated life or that I didn't consider my life worthy. I was just tired. I was tired of carrying all the weight. But when that ideation turned into me starting to think about plans and doing things in the kitchen or thinking of things outside of my balcony, then I knew I had, like, because I valued life, then I had to do something different than the repression around my sexuality.
Then the telling myself, accept it, but don't act on it was bullshit, was not true. It was actually life-taking, right? And if I value life, and if I value family, and if I value love, then I need to get well, and I need to reach out, and I need to do something in order to help myself, in order to live, in order to honor life.
Yeah, I think that's so, you've literally just like articulated, at least in my mind, why we call it spiritual violence, because the impacts, the harm is not, like, I think a lot of us have in our minds growing up, the violence is like, when you can see the cuts, the bruises, the gunshot wound, the whatever, like, that is violence, and we get told that narrative. And as some of us, as we are trained and learn more, we learn about things like psychological violence or emotional violence, but these invisible forms of violence, in this case, spiritual violence, where God and the word of God and the tradition of a religion, in this case, Christianity, is used in a way that creates conditions that even those of us who desperately want to live and love and be in community, and all of those things that we, that it puts us in such discord with our own selves, with what we've been taught, that we often are ourselves the inflictors of the violence, or our closest partners or families, people who love us and people who we love.
And I think that we don't recognize often enough how much the root of spiritual violence and white Christian supremacy that imposes those ideas, those moralistic ideas, is what leads to that. And so therefore, we can be oh, you're sick, or you're bad, or whatever, or your family was bad, or your partner was bad, but we're all in this community working out of the same ideologies that came from the colonization of our lands. And until we get at that root, I feel like it's hard to understand how intense those impacts are, and how far they actually go, because you literally just described the experience of spiritual violence to the point where it was just like, I'm done.
Like, that is such a perfect, clear, like, walking out for us the steps for you, but I think is very representative of so many stories we hear in our communities.
I believe that also theology, like creating theology, theological narratives, has always been a form of resistance. And that process which you named, like, you were doing your, you were creating theology of, that is God, that is not from God, I understand this, that is a piece of theological imagination, that has resisted colonization, and violence, like throughout history of people reading through their own experiences, what God is, and taking this piece, like, this part of, like, this agency to be like, that is not the God that I believe in.
And that is something that we all do, and everyone has those pieces of who God is for them, but there are some of them that are criminalized and stigmatized, and that have been institutionally conditioned to believe they're sinful. But everyone has those pieces of theology in their life stories, and the way they form their own, like, moral agency type of thing. And I also believe that it is a piece, a very important piece of violence and abusive relationships that happens a lot in abusive marriages, but also family, like, dynamics is this piece of, like, what's the word?
Cognitive dissonance, right? When you're, like, being taught different things that don't make sense, and that takes away your agency, because you stop thinking, you're able to understand what's happening in front of you. So it is very, very, I love that you mentioned that, because it is such a common thing in the, like, when we talk to people, that it's like, I was listening to them, and I was, I was seeing this other thing. And even, like, theologically, when you were saying, they were telling me that you can be queer as long as you don't exercise queerness, but that is not what the Bible says, because Jesus was, like, if you're sinning your heart, you're sinning already.
So it is what happens on your brain, but why, for being gay, it is, you can be, but not be, but what does that mean for trans? Like, there's a lot of pieces that don't make sense, and they are so fragile, like, fragile, fragile theologically, but we've been taught to not question them. And once you just, like, reach a little bit closer, you're like, that doesn't make any sense. Or, like, where you were saying, this understanding of God and the divine is not, it's not physical, and it's not in the body, and love, like, true love is not in the body.
So that smell or that feeling of your mom is not true love, it's just temporary. That's not true, like, God's love was embodied through blood, you know, like, that is very physically real, real, like bodily, and that is God's love, like, literally divine love. But it is so, it is nonsensical, but it serves a power, like, it serves, it serves a power narrative. So we are taught to believe it and not question it.
Definitely. And not only, like, not questioning it, something, thank you for lifting up, like, the theological imagination. I think that a lot of us who belong to, like, minoritized or oppressed communities learn to get creative. Survival is a creative approach. And when the violence happens in theological spaces, theological imagination is imperative toward our own survival and continuity. One thing that is also very hard, right, it's like, it's a whole divide and conquer. So if they're targeting our spirituality, they're teaching us how to split ourselves, right, to the point that you no longer need reminders or sermons.
The seed has already been planted. But what I really wanted to also touch on with the theological imagination part is that we push, right, and we start to question and realize there's a lot of cognitive dissonance. This thing, these things are not making sense. They're not tracking with my lived experience. However, if the church also tells you who you are not allowed to associate with, to talk about what your theological imagination is telling you, if your church also bans the books, if your schools ban the books, you know, if you are cut off from communities where there are other voices that can say to you and to normalize that questioning process and nurture the theological imagination, you do start spinning.
You do start feeling like, maybe I am in the wrong. Maybe I don't understand something. And what it does is it forces you to lean back into the very community that's causing you the harm to begin with, because it is forcing you to excommunicate yourself from other circles where the conversations, where the community, where the growing can happen. And so I think part of that process is also that, that they cut us off from being able to share these experiences with folks who are also questioning.
All right, that was part one of our conversation. What Ali shared today reminds us that spiritual violence is not an abstraction. It lives in our bodies and in our spirits, in the quiet places where we're taught to split ourselves, to mistrust our own desires, and to choose belonging in certain spaces over our own wholeness. And yet, as Ali showed us so beautifully, our spirits keep reaching for the truth. Our bodies keep insisting on life, and our theological imagination keeps finding ways to survive.
Now that our book on spiritual violence is out in the world, conversations like this one help us see how these concepts live in real people's lives. Ali's reflections give us language to experiences that so many of us have carried alone, and she reminds us that naming the harm is part of reclaiming our power. We're not meant to navigate these contradictions in isolation. We're meant to unlearn them together. Join us next week for part two of this conversation where Ali helps us trace the path from survival toward healing and community.
We'll discuss ideas of hypocrisy in binary logic, getting comfortable with liminality, code switching as a survival skill, and stubbornness as a spiritual asset. You definitely don't want to miss it. We'll see you next week. Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology. I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences, and imagine faith beyond violence.
If you want to go deeper, you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith here in the show notes. You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders, and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction. If something in today's dialogue resonated with you, maybe it stirred something and settled something or helped you find language for your own story, then you have found yourself in the right place.
Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content. Whoever you are and wherever you find yourself in this time, questioning, grieving, rebuilding, or reclaiming, I am so grateful that you are here. May your theological imagination remain ever alive and may you find spaces that honor your full, blessed humanity. With hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding, until next time, I'm Rev. Sex, and this is Shameless Theology.
▶ S2:09 — Living in the In-Between: The Wonder of Faithful Liminality with Dr. Arelis Benítez, Part 237 min 40 sec
Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, who is an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA plus people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the executive director at Soulforce, and I am honored and delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it.
This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith. Together, we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together, we name the harm, not as abstract theories but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing, and we'll be doing plenty of that too. These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony.
You'll hear stories of resilience, liminality, code-switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged, persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred, even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions, or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business, and pleasure, with shameless theology. Today, we get to spend time with our beloved sinvergüenza, Dr.
Arelis Benítez, in part two of our conversation. In last week's episode, she shared what it was like to grow up as the queer daughter of immigrant parents, and how she navigated Seventh-day Adventist teachings, as well as how it felt to find language for the harm she once believed was her fault. If you haven't listened to that episode yet, you might want to go back and catch up. In this second episode, our conversation moves further into the themes of spiritual violence and white Christian supremacy.
We consider the value of learning to get comfortable in liminal spaces, we look at spiritual stubbornness as an asset that can keep us connected to God, and we explore the wisdom of code-switching as a survival skill. Our discussion connects the broader concept of spiritual terrorism in the ways that fear, surveillance, and threat of punishment shapes the lives of undocumented families, queer and trans people, and really anyone whose existence falls outside of the narrow boundaries enforced by church and by state. Ali speaks honestly about what it means to be bent but unbreakable, and how healing becomes possible when we have language, community, and the courage to rewrite our own narratives.
Here is part two of our conversation with Dr. Arelis Benítez. So I see you, I experience you as a very stubborn person. So the fact that you and I, I feel like, and several of us in this community, maybe most of us, were stubborn about our connection with God, and stubborn about our connection with religion, and stubborn about, I mean, you had this experience of like, you knew that God was being misrepresented. I didn't know that God was being misrepresented, but I was hell-bent and determined to understand why God could possibly think this way when I couldn't figure out what was wrong with it.
But it's this stubbornness that I think not all of our community, like, I think we get robbed of God a lot of times because when we start that swirling, or that dissonance, and we've been taught that questioning is wrong, sometimes we even exclude ourselves, not only from the communities, or maybe we go the other direction, in which we go full throttle into, like, queer or trans politicized community, and it's a whole different language, it's a whole different culture, and we leave behind those faith spaces.
But at least for me, I feel like I can't be fully seen or understood if you don't understand the religion that I come from, that's a part of me, that's how I think about the world, and so that stubbornness in the cases of those of us who are like, I'm not letting go of God, is such an asset and such a special exception that I think that a lot of folks have to decide, do I let go of God, or do I let go of who I am?
And regardless of where you come down on either side of that, it sucks, and part of you is being murdered, and silenced, and all of those things, so I think that's such a beautiful trait that we're taught is bad, like, if you're headstrong, or if you ask questions, or if you doubt, but some of those questioning, and doubting, and all of that stuff is some of our deepest assets to the work of healing, and to the work of possibility, and defining each other, so I'm curious if you would talk a little bit about what do you see in your community with those around you, either those in our LGBT community, or those in church community, or family, or whatever around that, how people are navigating that division that tells us we have to be one or the other, do you find that we are rare, those of us who are stubborn enough to not let go of God, or what do you see happening in your community on either side around spiritual violence, and this both being excluded, but oftentimes I feel like we self-exclude, because we don't feel seen or whole in either space, either church space, or in queer space.
I think I like to talk about it, whether, you know, it's my community of faith, if they would have these conversations with me, whether it's students, whether it's family, friends, or relationships, I think whenever there's tension between polarizing views, I invite folks to get comfortable with liminality, to get comfortable with the space in between, and to me that, as everyone here at least in this chat knows, this is why I lean so much on Gloria Anzaldúa's work, right, to talk about Nepanta, to talk about that both and space, and that's what I invite people to, to be able, like, don't be in such a rush to be, you know, in the one place or the other, but reckon with the complexities, and see how they are speaking to you, and how they are making sense or not making sense for your life, how you want to leave it, how you want to orient yourself to people, to the environment, to the work that you do, to your call, to your vocation, to your spouse, whatever that relationship is, make it come in alignment with who you see yourself to be, and work with those, with also that ability that sometimes we do.
I like that, the code switching, like, yes, there will be spaces where you can't show up full self, but does that mean that you are, like, lacking integrity? No, it means that you've found wisdom, and there's probably a reason why you're not showing up full self in one space versus another, right? And so, I don't know one more I can offer in that direction. I like the stubbornness part, too, as well as, like, willful determination in terms of, like, my view and understanding of God, that, for example, I was taught that God is love, God's character is love, right?
And so, that's something that goes unquestioned, so it has to make sense. And I remember having experiences, one that's coming to mind right now, in church, where it would be like, there's a single woman, older in age, and they would treat her como la loca, la hermana que nunca se va a casar, the woman that's never going to get married. It's like she had failed her gender duties, right? Like, she was older, she was not married, she did not have kids, but when I saw her, I was like, you really love how your life is structured and how your life is set up, right?
And what wouldn't make sense to me is why in God's house, God who is love, we are tearing this woman down. And if I, as a human being, this bodily, carnal, not good thing, can see in my heart and feel like that's not right, that there's something wrong about the criticism and the hatred that we're throwing her way, and all she's doing is showing up faithfully and happily to worship with all you, like, judgmental brothers and sisters, right? So I guess what I'm trying to get at is that for me, I would also, the realization of experiences like that that were operative for me were like, wait a minute, if I, in a fleshly, my character is not love, but if I, in a fleshly, sinful, bad body, can look at those behaviors that were theologically, culturally informed and say, that doesn't feel good, and that is not good, then that's where, like, willful determination around, like, understanding how God operates, you know, for me, or how I see God operating is much different than how the church and doctrine is trying to push God to be, where there's a lot of enforcement trying to get us all to fit in a box that nobody's good for.
And so these were the things that made me stubborn, that it was just the incongruency. If my flawed nature can love on this woman and celebrate her as she wants to live her life, why are you putting God's name in your mouth to hate her?
Right. Right. And, like, I think so many of us leave church, regardless of orientation, gender, etc., because of the hypocrisy that we see. If there was one issue that I think the church should tackle, it's hypocrisy, theologically, which is what you're saying, Nadia, around this cognitive dissonance. So I really appreciate that perfect example. I want to touch on one more thing before we move to the next question, which is this concept of spiritual terrorism. And you and I, in particular, have been in deep dialogue about how to define spiritual terrorism.
And I think it's a concept that's really intense. The language is intense. We use spiritual terrorism. We use the word terrorism for a reason, recognizing that that's a highly used term that's meant to oppress, marginalize, and discriminate against Brown and immigrant communities, around Muslim communities. So we want to name that. And that sense that we've been taught, which is usually that it is something that someone does, or a group does, or government does, in order to keep people in constant fear of something bad happening, of violence happening, even until death.
Right. And I think that that is the reason that I use that word terrorism, because I feel like, in essence, it is much often that terrorism is actually imposed much more by governments, and much more by institutions, and much more by societies, than it ever is with a random individual here or there. We also don't ever talk about white terrorism that happens within our own country. So it's a highly racialized term. And so I want to be sensitive to that. But one of the things that you talked about, I think, is really important to go back to reinforce and connect with this concept, is this idea of spiritual terrorism, for those of us who live at intersecting oppressions.
And in this case, you're talking about this divide between at school and in the world, needing to pretend like we are the same as everybody else. And we, therefore, are not vulnerable to state violence, because we are American citizens, and yay America, and the flag, and all that stuff. And then on the inside, the family unit, always having to be mindful of like, who's calling, who's got the right social security number, who's matches who, how do we speak English in a way that doesn't make us even more vulnerable, that kind of terrorism, that there's no safe place.
Because at school, you might be found out. At work, you might be found out. Driving your car in the street, you might be found out. There's all of these places. And how we learn to code switch, as those of us who are surviving in these liminal spaces, we get really good at being able to code switch between our internal conversation, whether that's church, and how we can use the Bible, how we can talk about God, how we can talk about religion, whatever, and then how we can fit in in school spaces or in public spaces.
So I want to talk a little bit about spiritual terrorism. I'd love to give us your thoughts on that, around how that happens, especially when we add an identity, either a racialized identity, or like an LGBTQIA plus identity, where it's like, this splitting, again, is happening where we're code switching. We're never fully present or whole in our identities. And it's not just that we aren't feeling fulfilled or satisfied. It is literally that as an LGBT person, if you're out at church, you could be kicked out of your community.
If you are undocumented at work, you could lose your job, or you could lose your housing. There's this intersection that happens. It's just like, there's just no safe place to sit and be your full self without a fear of attack or violence in a very real way. Not just like, I can't be my full rainbow self in terms of expression, but like very real consequences for a family who's undocumented, very real consequences for folks who can lose their housing because they're trans, or lose their job because they're queer, or lose their children because they're in a particular kind of illegal kind of relationship with another human that's adult and consensual.
So will you help us connect that concept of spiritual terrorism with some of the experiences of your family, your community, what you've seen from others in that sphere beyond just the like feeling, not feeling like we can be our whole selves?
Yeah. It's a very fragmenting experience. It's also very painful, because so as a Seventh-day Adventist, we have at the root of our theology holistic approach. So it means that we understand the various aspects of our humanity, of our spirituality, of our being, of our self.
Love that about the Adventists. You can depend on them for a hospital, you can depend on them for health food, you can depend on them for vegetarian supplements. Love that about the Adventists.
Absolutely. And then as you were rightly saying, but being SDA is not the only identity, it's just one, even if it has an all-encompassing holistic approach. So for me, being a woman, being a Mexican, being a first-generation daughter to undocumented parents, feeling called into ministry, which is a leadership role. As a leader, I felt called. And what space is there for a Mexican woman in a Spanish-speaking Seventh-day Adventist? There isn't. And so there's all these parts of me that are not fitting the brackets of the social constructs of different spaces, because every space has its social construct.
It has its hierarchical order. And whenever we enter these spaces, we know where we rank or where we don't. We know where we land in these spaces. And when you embody and are a part of multiple communities, those things are just, there's a million little pieces. And for me, I think there was one point in undergrad, I wish so badly that I hadn't lost a poem, but I took to writing to try to process what I was going through. But I remember that I wrote a line saying that I've been bent unbreakable.
And that was my first moment of recognizing and feeling like I'm going to accept all this brokenness as a bending that communities and the people are doing to my body and with my being, but I am not broken. Right? And that was that resistance of like, you're not going to break my spirit. You do things that are harming, that are threatening to break me, but I won't be broken. However, I am bent. Yeah. And so it just made, it was like the first moment of being able to, again, embrace the tensions of what it comes to be in all the spaces and then the multiple identities that I represent.
The other thing that I have learned is that these multiple identities that I hold are always growing. Sometimes I regress, let's be honest. So like, I thought I had learned that lesson. I thought I knew better. Pick it back up, Ali, right? And so if I, in my multiplicity of self and multiplicity of being, can try to have this patience and this grace with myself of like, I'm still in process and it's a good thing. I'm still flowing. And this is a process that's going to continue throughout my life.
That was really important for me as like, as an anchor for myself of there are these multiple parts that the world might say don't fit and you need to choose the either or, but it's not reality. It's not the lived experience. So I have to make sense of all of these pieces holistically. So you see the Koyo Shoki behind me, right? The lunar goddess and broken in all these pieces, fragmented in her body, but still in a circular, still part of a whole.
And that's kind of how I've learned to embrace the space of multiplicity that these pieces don't always lock in together. Not necessarily because I cannot hold my queerness and my Christianity together. I sure the hell can, but people who are also broken, who are also in process, but communities who also can, you know, are all trying to fit things together. Like it's them that have an issue, I guess, or a lack of understanding about how I make these work for me.
And so that gives me a little more patience with like how I experienced myself and how I show up when I do the code switching, right? Of understanding that I'm doing this because in my wisdom and divine wisdom given to me and learned experience and shared experience from my community members as well, I know that I cannot quite show up in this way, in this space today, but maybe tomorrow, you know, or even this happened to me with church. Like I was okay when I was really wrestling to it.
I was still okay with showing up. And then there just came a time where it's like, actually no, you know, because you don't value what I have to say as important or you don't value me. And so it was too hurtful. So now I can't come into that space, right? So there's moments where the context will make us have to code switch and other times where we have that choice. And that's also difficult to navigate. This is probably the hardest thing for me that I didn't always, even if in my heart, I felt ready to do a thing or to say a thing about claiming myself, if I did not have the resource and that the consequence felt too high to try to show up fully myself, I couldn't show up.
It's hard. It's painful.
I think that one of the things that is coming up is that we've talked about these different manifestations of spiritual violence. And I think what we're getting at without naming it explicitly is that the root of all of that is white Christian supremacy, which is basically a kind of theology, a version of the Bible, an interpretation of the Bible that came over with the conquistadores and the settler colonial regime of what is now called the United States in this idea that created differences of value in human beings, right?
So for example, we are taught morally, again, this cognitive dissonance between what we're taught and what we experienced, but we act like in church, like that auntie who never got married and kind of failed her gender because she's living her best single life. I think the same thing can apply when we hear that, when we heard during the first Trump administration that families were being separated and children were being taken away from their parents because they were illegal and therefore they were criminals.
And I think that that happens every day, all the time in all of our lives. If we are in communities that are targeted by this kind of idea that some of us aren't worthy of safety, wholeness, care, love, stability. And I think for the undocumented community, as well as for the queer and trans community, especially in this exact moment with the current political climate, a lot of our communities are really sitting in fear. And I'm curious where you see the theology or the moral position of white Christian supremacy, like where is religion backing up that idea that some of us deserve to be in cages and some of us deserve to have our children taken away just because we crossed a border that originally crossed us in the case of many Mexicans.
So I'm curious if that shows up. Now as an adult, it's a different world when we have more political education and we have history lessons and it's not just lived experience that we're trying to make sense of, which is often said, well, God is testing us or God is, you know, or this is punishment or sometimes we rebel against that and are like, no, this is not God. But a lot of us feel or worry that when bad things happen, that's God punishing us and that that is somehow okay because we are fill in the blank kind of sinner.
So I'm wondering if you now as a theologian, now as an adult with a lot more education of history in the world, see that white Christian supremacy or that colonized religion playing out to back up political agendas that lead to things like spiritual terrorism.
So something that came up for me right now that you were talking more about, like white Christian supremacy, that connects to like the importance of this book, it's like it offers us language and with language and ability not only to understand what is happening, but also to take this blame out of ourselves and assign it where it needs to go. But it is such a process to be able to do that. And when I think about like, oh, from a U.S.
perspective, as a citizen, U.S.-born doctor in a philosophy working at Vanderbilt, all these privileges that I could possibly say, white Christian supremacy, name it, and talk about the harms that it is causing to the communities that I grew up in where I was not a doctor, where I did not speak English, where I depended fully on my undocumented parents, that I can feel empowered by naming this thing and how it is operative in churches and how it is operative in governments for the sake of a possible liberation of our communities.
But when you take me back to where I was, and when you take me to where my parents currently are, liberation is a privilege, right? They're not at the point where they can speak about liberation when they're concerned about their safety. Because even now, one is a resident, one is a citizen, and what's the government saying now? You know, we won't split families anymore. We're going to take all of you back to the border. That's the Christian thing to do. That's the right thing to do, right?
And that's white Christian supremacy. But does it help my mother and father to be able to say white Christian supremacy? No. The border crossed us from north to south. The border also crossed us from overseas, right? So Mexico was colonized. And they colonized through spirituality. They colonized through religion. They colonized through our faith. So where the fuck do we go?
Right.
So we're in this space where we have this, I don't even know what to call it. We have to survive. And so this is where my heart and this sudden agitation is coming from with this question and conversation that it's actually a privilege. And even with all my ranks now that I've been able to achieve on their backs, let's be clear, on my parents' back and many migrant communities' backs that I'm here. I am still in a place where I have privilege, but I am unwanted there too.
As a brown queer woman, I might be a token, a lovely one. But am I getting the privileges that others are getting there? No. But I can say to myself as a queer woman, I am in a very safe space or in a much safer space when I go into work than I would be in other places. But I'm still, even within this privilege, unwanted. And so what do we do? What do we do? What do we name this? How do we heal from this?
That's my investment, right? That it's like in a world, in a society that takes so long to change. And I'm not saying that the efforts aren't worth it. Thank you to all who have made it possible and who have lightened the load for us in many ways and continue to labor in that effort. There are these political changes that could help us, right? There are these communal changes that could help us, but internally, how are we healing? When even you have narratives from my mother and father are not the only ones that still to this day will say to themselves, well, if they sent us back, it's okay because we were illegal anyway, right?
And so part of that, it's like that they had to tell themselves this because in the event that they would get deported, they still had to survive. They still had poor kids to look after, right? And so they create these narratives for themselves out of safety. And for a very long time in my own journey, I did the same. I created many different narratives to keep myself safe. Was I living fully? Was I living wholly? No, but it kept me safe.
It kept me alive and it kept me enduring to the next step and to the next step and to the next step. But here we are and the problems and the harm and the violence and the trauma and the terrorism is still present. So how do we heal?
Yeah, that is a great question. And the book is a little bit of our drop in the bucket to try to offer some of those possibilities of healing. And thank you for being part of the book. Thank you for being part of the project for years now for the Spanish and the English, and also hoping to bridge some of that Spanish language, Latin American work with the US and those of us in diaspora in the US to try to help that understanding, to try to like build those ways to be stronger, to fight together and to heal together, hopefully to close that wound as much as we can.
I'm curious what kind of response or what kind of what is possible or what you see possible with this project, but with this work in general around being able to name things, being able to connect the dots, being able to understand what religion has been imposed, the colonized parts and the spiritual parts and the God parts and the not God parts, particularly in your communities. I'm just interested in what you see, what are the challenges, what are the hopeful places and spots, any of that that you want to share as we close up.
Absolutely. I'm very grateful for the work of this book, because again, it's giving us language and through that language, the possibility that I see is that we can rewrite our narratives and live into narratives that feel more true and are more true to who we are than who we're told that we have to be or who we cannot be. And I remember that long before the Spiritual Violence book came out, while I was still a student at Vanderbilt, a friend of mine then told me about the Sodom and Gomorrah book that Soulforce has produced that you had done.
And I thought, oh, that was like rewriting the text that I didn't know, that I had heard and knew was used to harm one aspect of my identity. And I thought, somebody has actually had a conversation with the Bible, because the experience that I had, whether those people either leave it or they repress and stay. So it gave me the first spark around like, oh, like, we don't have to throw it all away. We can still, you know, hold this other part of our identity, which is, you know, whether you're Christian or profess another faith, but that you, in this case, Christianity, it's like, I could still hold on to this piece of me without having to let go of the other one, right?
But the hard part was, and it was also in Spanish, so I was like, it gave me even more hope. I was like, I could give this to my mom, to my dad, like the church can have it. How do I do that? But that hope and joy was also met with fear and panic, because at that time, I wasn't ready to make that move. My heart was, but it goes back to this thing that I talked about earlier, but what resources, but what community, right?
Here's an answer, here's a resource. But then what happens to me when they say, what are you doing? You know, when I get conversation after conversation with parents or siblings or whatever, like, when these degrees of separation in all these important relationships are happening, where does Ali go? Who does Ali, like, who holds me? Okay, this new community, but I just met them, right? And can they truly identify with all my cultural context? Can they get it? So I'm sharing that because then I think of like the work that the book did, and when we put it online, and that immediately, so that question and that hesitation that I had with the Sodom and Gomorrah resource was, I don't have a resource, I don't have a community, I have a resource, but I don't have a community that I could continue to be in conversation with, so that when I have a heavy conversation with a church member, I can process it here, there's a space for it.
And when we were able to do that online, that to me was really wonderful. So that's another possibility they have, like the language helps us rewrite our narratives, but the community helps us live faithfully into them. And we need the community. And so I, my dream would be that, you know, to not just distribute as many of these books as possible, but to help people set up communities to talk about them, so that they feel that support.
That's amazing. Thank you so much for your time, for your stories, for your open heart, for your ferocious, willful, what was it? Willful resistance? Determination. Willful determination. I know, I'm like, oh, same, that's why I got them mixed up. We are resisting the forces that tell us that we don't belong and we're not enough. And tells that we're broken as opposed to bent. So thank you so much for your time. Thank you for being here. And we look forward to many more conversations.
Thank you so much. I appreciate it. Thank you for joining us for our conversation with Dr. Arelis Benítez. You know, spiritual violence fractures entire communities, families, and sometimes our complete way of understanding ourselves. And yet we're not without tools. We are building a shared language that names the harm and allows for healing. We have discernment, imagination, and we have each other. It is my prayer for you that we may all have Ali's stubborn, sacred insistence that our lives are worth living whole.
As we continue to explore the themes of spiritual violence, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, and spiritual trauma this season, Ali's reflections offer us a roadmap for healing, identifying incongruencies, embracing liminality, practicing discernment about when and how we show up, and building communities where we can tell the truth without fear of losing everything. We are so grateful to Ali for her wisdom, vulnerability, and willful determination. And we're grateful for you, our listeners, for being here with us and learning and healing alongside us.
Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology. I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences, and imagine faith beyond violence. If you want to go deeper, you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence Religious Phenomena that Defile the Faith here in the show notes. You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders, and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction.
If something in today's dialogue resonated with you, maybe it stirred something and settled something or helped you find language for your own story, then you have found yourself in the right place. Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content. Whoever you are and wherever you find yourself in this time, questioning, grieving, rebuilding, or reclaiming, I am so grateful that you are here. May your theological imagination remain ever alive, and may you find spaces that honor your full, blessed humanity.
With hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding, until next time, I'm Rev. Sex, and this is Shameless Theology.
▶ S2:10 — Catholic Priestess and Godmother of the Disappeared with Rosa Manriquez73 min 9 sec
Welcome to Shameless Theology, a space for honest, courageous conversations with queer, trans, and feminist people of faith and our allies. This podcast is brought to you by Soulforce, who is an international organization working to end the religious and political oppression of LGBTQIA plus people and all marginalized people by breaking open the ideologies of white Christian supremacy. I'm Reverend Alba Onofrio, also known as Reverend Sex. I'm the Executive Director at Soulforce, and I am honored and delighted to be your host as we dive into the thick of it.
This season is exciting because it goes deep on the ideas of our brand new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith. Together we'll learn new concepts like spiritual trauma, religious abuse, spiritual terrorism, white Christian supremacy, and spiritual violence. Together we name the harm, not as abstract theories but as lived realities. But we don't stop there because theory work is only as good as the path it leads to healing, and we'll be doing plenty of that too. These conversations are part idea session, part theological reflection, and part testimony.
You'll hear stories of resilience, liminality, code switching, theological imagination, and a kind of dogged, persevering hope that refuses to let go of the sacred, even when our institutions fail us. Whether you're here because you have questions, or because you are healing, teaching, leading, or simply trying to make sense of your own experience, you are so very welcome here. You are not alone on this journey. Now let's get down to business, and pleasure, with Shameless Theology. Y'all, this episode is so good, I can't even tell you, you're just gonna have to listen to it for yourself.
Today we'll get to hear from Rosa Manriquez in a conversation that was so beautiful and so moving that she had me just full of tears and emotion the entire time. I literally cried through half of it. She is somebody's mama and somebody's abuela, and her protective force is something that covers so many. She manages to honor her daughters, both of whom are lesbians and married, so now she has four daughters and her granddaughters, and she simultaneously is this very abuela voice and concurrently is challenging the entire Roman Catholic Church, and offering mercy and grace for ICE agents who are literally disappearing people.
I mean, this is just the best of what it means to be in the community of Las Envergonzas, and caring about the whole person, not just titles or roles or scholarship. And from the time she was young, she has insisted on being able to participate in ministry and in her call, and that persistence through call to becoming a Roman Catholic priest, it's just something that we should all take note of and try to embody. To this day, she's an organizer for justice with the Godmothers of the Disappeared on the steps of the Federal Building in Los Angeles.
She is an inspiration and has all of my admiration and love. I am honored to introduce to you Rosa Manriquez. Hi, good morning.
Good morning. Good morning.
Thank you so much for being with us today. I am over the moon to have you on our English podcast because we had done Spanish many years ago, and you are one of our favorite guests from the staff, from our community. We just hear over and over again that you are a voice that our families need to hear from, that we need to hear from. And I've known you for many, many years, and I am so excited that you get to be on this shameless theology podcast.
So thank you for being here. Thank you. Thank you for having me. Oh my goodness. I'm so glad you're here. I feel loved. You are so loved. You are so, so loved. Okay, we're going to jump in with the same question as always. Do you identify as a Sinvergonza? Why or why not? And for people in this community, they may not speak Spanish. So will you tell us a little bit about what your understanding is? What shameless in the Sinvergonza sense in our culture means to you?
And what is your experience with it now or earlier? Tell us about Sinvergonza.
Oh, I do identify very much in my family. Growing up, hearing myself being called a Sinvergonza, I kind of took issue with it. It was almost like, what do I have to be ashamed of? You know, because the Sinvergonza was not quite fitting the mold of the relationship of a child to the elders and all the rest. You know, you're not supposed to question if anything, if the elders are speaking, what are you doing in the room? And there would simply be the toss of head, which meant out.
But for me, it was like, no, I want to hear what's going on. And I've got an opinion, right? And in a sense, it came up even recently of, I guess, you know, what I hold on to. It was at the church that I attend. It's Dolores Mission in Boyle Heights. Maybe some folks who are listening recognize it as being where Fr. Greg Boyle is from. And the group, the Social Justice Organizing Committee, we had an icebreaker. And the icebreaker going around the room was simply, tell us what is your favorite fruit and, you know, why do you identify with it?
And I thought, oh, that's interesting. And so people were doing regular things, you know, fresa, mango, this kind of thing. And the wicked little voice in my head, the one that has never gone away, says, you know what fruit it is. And I thought, oh my God, okay, fine. And they got to me and I told them, well, to tell you the truth, manzana de la discordia. And they started laughing. And I said, hear me out, hear me out. I said, I might as well say that's my favorite because that's what I was called so often as a child.
Ahí viene la manzana de la discordia, which in English means the apple discord. In other words, the apple that caused all the problems between Adam and me. So yes, I identify.
And now you're the elder. We were talking about you with your granddaughter, who's about the same age as my daughter. And so now what do you think about that energy or that culture of having elders be in the room and being told you're supposed to get out and now you have little ones around you when you're the elder in the room?
I think, honestly, I love being a grandmother. And I admit it. I love that feeling of, here I am. And I know so much. Yet, I'm eager to hear what they're thinking of. Because recently, I read again, a poem, a piece by Khalid Gibran about the future and the children of the future and that they're living a life that I don't understand or know even in my dreams. And I'm thinking, I want a taste of that. And I'm not going to get it if I don't listen to them.
Even if I disagree, or even if I'm afraid, all of a sudden, God knows I'm afraid for my grandchildren right now. And I want to tell them to beware. And so for myself, for instance, you know, my oldest granddaughter, and all three of them are kind of like her. I thought, well, my kids are raised in a bougie Mexico. And I wish they were not doing that. I wish this child did not have the valley girl accent. And, you know, she's being raised here in East LA.
So she knows what goes on in the world, in the barrio. But we did purposely, elementary school was here in the barrio in Boyle Heights, in one of the poorest, if not the poorest parish in Los Angeles. And there was a reason for that. We wanted her to understand. Yes, you get to go and eat sushi at the Revolving Sushi, but there are people that don't have the life you have. And you need to understand what that is and never forget where you came from.
But for the high school, we thought, now they have to prepare to be able to compete, unfortunately, the way that this, this culture, this dominant culture competes in order for them to get the education they need to live a life where they have a choice of what they want to do, and that they don't end up doing because they do something because they have to. And so she goes to Immaculate Heart High School. And I was very happy with that, because the women there at Immaculate Heart, I heard someone say that at one girls high school that she had gone to, that the women there were being trained to find a husband and be a good wife.
Whereas there at Immaculate Heart High School, she was being trained to be a woman to find her own life. And so I sent her there. Well, I pushed for it. And they did. And she said yes, which made me happy. And my daughter is sending her there. But I still thought, okay, she's still with Valley Girls. And there's still some bougie-ness in this whole thing, right? In fact, right now, she was carrying around a Trader Joe's bag. And I found out, well, they all are carrying around canvas bags from grocery stores.
Fine. Okay. It turned out that on one of the demonstration days, I forgot which one it was, that she helped organize a demonstration from her school in front of Griffith Park, holding signs about ICE out of LA, about repression is not patriotism, don't get it confused. And we recently got a publication from the high school that they send out occasionally. And on the front page is a picture of my granddaughter holding her sign up. And how did that feel for you?
She's yelling, right? And I just thought, oh, my goodness. Yeah. Okay. So we've gotten there. Yes. So I'll share this morning, taking her to school. She had been wanting to go to this one place that we like. And believe it or not, it's a vegan coffee shop in East LA, run by Latine women. And it's really good. And while we were there, we were looking at all of the postings on the wall, all concerning what is needed here in the barrio.
And her mother, my daughter, told her she must get confirmed as a Catholic, which I object to completely. In fact, I even told my daughter, I did not force you to become a Catholic. And she said, well, my daughter's going to be a Catholic. Great. Great. And so the thought hit me as we were there in the cafe. And I told her, you know, if you become a Catholic, and she kind of snarled back at me, I'm going to have to.
I said, okay, if you become a Catholic, you can choose a confirmation name, you know. I said, how about Donancine? And she got this big smile on her face. And I thought, attagirl. Yeah. Tell us about what Donancine means. Donancine is the original name of Guadalupe. She is the mother goddess. And where Juan Diego was told to build a chapel where she could hear her children, where people could come, and she would hold them in the crook of her arm, is where Donancine was venerated.
So really, her full name is Guadalupe Donancine, or Donancine Guadalupe. And it just, I felt really good because I thought, okay, good. You're not going to be a bougie. Good.
You know, I do have a question of how our people can sell out El Pueblo to be working with La Migra. And we aren't protected even just by working with the government. We aren't protected. There's so many getting arrested themselves. And I think we are told this lie that if we give up our culture, we give up our language, we give up where we come from, and pretend to be as white as we possibly can, that there's safety in that. And that's just absolutely not true ever.
No, no, it's not. It's a lie. And folks fall for it. And I really feel for those who are ICE agents, police departments, but mostly right now, ICE agents, because it's like, you all are ignorant people of color of what has happened over and over and over again in history and in different parts of the world by regimes and despots and dictators who kidnap and brainwash and recruit children. And they do it to make them into child soldiers to turn around and murder their own parents and massacre their own pueblos.
And this is what's happening to you. And your payment, you may think, is in money. It's not. It's going to be in trauma and shame for the rest of the generation. Yes, blood money. And if you stop to think, okay, well, let me explain something. Shortly after we talk here, I'm going to be going to the federal building because I am part of a group that I helped organize. We're called the Godmothers of the Disappeared. And when all of this happened, of the ICE agents doing the sweeps, the detentions and the disappearances, I thought about, you know, same thing happened, I thought, in Argentina.
I looked it up. And that's where Las Madres de la Plaza de Mayo formed. And it was simply, return our children to us. Let us know where our children are at. And they demanded to do it. I thought, I think we can do the same, but I don't want us to take the name. I think that would not be respectful. And so the group of women that got together, we chose Godmothers of the Disappeared. And we decided that we're going to be doing a vigil every Tuesday at 12 noon in front of the federal building in downtown LA, which is the area where people go for their first hearing, and where they are detained until they are sent somewhere else, or they can get bailed out, which is rare.
And we decided we're doing this, inspired by Las Madres de la Plaza de Mayo. And we want there to be three things understood by our presence. The first is, yes, the demand to return those people that have been detained and disappeared. The second one is that we are saying out loud, that it is an illusion. It is a sin. It is a tactic that is being used to foment divisiveness among everyone here in the United States. There is no us versus them.
There is no bad guy versus good guy. There is no red versus blue. There is no Republican versus Democrat. When it comes down to it, we're all human beings. And the third is to the ICE agents, again, you know, telling them, we see you. We're mothers, too. We see you. And we know that you are the children that wanted to grow up to be heroes and champions and warriors and protectors, and that you just might think that that's what you're doing by being ICE agents, or coming in the National Guard or the military, the police to harm others like this.
But we're telling you this is not the way. It's not the way. And it's not too late. Put down your arms. Take off the masks. Refuse to be part of the oppression. Just refuse. And we've even talked to a few of them and mentioned out loud in our vigils the difference between that person who's selling oranges in an orange cart and you taking people off the streets. Compare both of them. And what is the difference? The difference is that that orange cart vendor is contributing to the community and to society.
They spend their money here in the United States, in their neighborhood, and they create dreams from that orange cart to a little go-go cart to a little shop they are creating. Whereas with you, you're destroying families, and you're tearing them apart, and you're traumatizing. One is constructive. The other is destructive. We're telling you, choose life.
You have me in tears over here. I would love to talk a little bit about the amazing woman that you are and your journey to be able to be doing this. And I know you're very humble, and you feel sometimes like it's silly to ask over and over again, but I always want to hear the story and I think our community does too. You're not just any Mexican senora, grandmother over there in East LA in the barrio. You are an ordained Roman Catholic priestess.
And that is something that for most of our listeners is not a possibility. You are a woman. You've always identified as a woman. So I would love for you to tell us a little bit more about that. How was that possible? And how have you held onto your faith?
Well, so I am Roman Catholic from cradle and until I die or I get kicked out. Supposedly, I'm kicked out, but I ain't kicked out. They're going to keep J.D. Vance. You bet they're going to keep me. And so I did the whole thing, you know, from first grade all the way through college with a Catholic education. My teachers were the Immaculate Heart Sisters who, amazing, amazing women. There is a documentary out called Rebel Hearts, R-E-B-E-L, Rebel Hearts. And it's about how they ended up basically telling the Cardinal of Los Angeles shortly after Vatican II that his demands for them to go back into the habit and to become, you know, these sweet little nuns as opposed to very highly educated women that they could not do that in good conscience.
And so he kicked them, he forced them out of the convents and schools onto the street. That's the story of Rebel Hearts. Those were my teachers. Good lineage. The high school that my granddaughter goes to, it was founded by them. During her freshman year, in fact, this is an idea of what their teaching was like. They had four banners coming down from the second floor of one of their buildings. The fourth banner had written on it, empowerment, not indoctrination. And there's a bumper sticker going around on some of the cars there when we get in the line to pick up our girls.
And the bumper sticker is, may I raise daughters who are ungovernable. Amen. I want that with all my heart. Those are the women who taught me. My grandmother was a good model to me of being a Catholic. She and her sister were the only ones who remained Catholic in their family and their siblings because of a run-in that her siblings and that she, they had with a Roman Catholic priest back in Puebla concerning their mother. And it's an interesting story. I won't go into it too much, except for that to be said.
So she raised us in Catholicism. And it was an interesting way, because although we observed mass, rosaries, the Mexican holidays, all of this, right? If some priest said something completely outrageous and crazy, it was like the sí, padrecito, lo que usted diga, padrecito. Yes, Father, whatever you say, Father. And we'd come home and it was like, did you hear what he said? Are we going to? He's crazy. Just ignore that part. Ignore that. No, that's not happening. That's how I was raised.
And it really is a love for Catholicism, but Catholicism al estilo Mexicano de la gente indígena. So like my grandmother had her altar. In this bedroom that I'm talking to you, she had two altars over two corners of the house. My bed is under one of those corners and I have my own little altar now. So I was raised with that. When I was in elementary school, the boys were allowed to be altar servers. I was sad because I had memorized the mass in Latin.
Of course you had. I was so excited. I could not be an altar server. But the girls were told, you can be in the choir. And the choir loft, it was remarkable. It was way up high. And this is a cathedral. So we could see everything that was going on all the way down. And we learned all kinds of masses in Latin and English, including a mass of ordination for priests. And up till then, the only thought I ever had that was a hint to me of what I wanted to do was when I would play with my cousins and a neighbor girl.
And kids play all kinds of things when you're pretending. I played the mass. Of course you did. And I got, you know, my cousins and my sister and we set up the boxes for an altar and I'd pound out window bread into a hose and get aluminum and make a little chalice and put water in there. And, you know, we would play. One day, one of my cousins, Bobby, who I tussled all the time, he got upset and yelled at me, you can't do that.
You're a girl. And I told him I'm the oldest. So shut up. So back to the choir loft. So we did that mass of ordination and it was long. But when the priests were laying down on the ground and I got to look at them, I felt like, I want to do that. I just, I want to do that. And as I learned more and more, you can't do that. You're a woman. I kept thinking to myself, well, I'll try and get as close as I can.
But throughout my life, I still kept getting hints all the time of being called to be a priest.
No matter how much I did, that I thought, well, this will be enough. I'll be happy with doing this, with teaching confirmation.
No.
I'll be happy with reading the gospel. No. You know, I'll be happy. It just wasn't enough. And two things came up, and there were more than that, but signs of, come on, be a priest. Okay. One was, I became very dissatisfied with the work that I was doing, not because of the work itself, but because of the supervisors and the head of the department. I work for recreation and parks. Love it. Love it. Love it. Love it. But I thought I have to move on.
So I got my income tax return money, and I used it to go to a vocational center that used to be close to UCLA. Spent my whole check there trying to find out what am I suited for? Where's the job market? Do I need more education? And in those days, computers were kind of in the stone age. And so you would get your answer on paper that would collapse on each other, until you had a stack of paper. And so I had my second to last counseling session with a vocational counselor.
And he sits down, he got all the results from the intelligence tests and everything. And he says, well, we have here, you are most suited to be a camp director. I'm already in recreation thinking, okay, thanks a lot. What's next? He said, according to this, to be a priest or a minister. I tell him that is very hard when you are a Catholic woman. And I just walked out of the thing to myself once again, God, you're a wise guy.
Yes. Oh my gosh.
You are a comedian, aren't you? That's a nice way to put it. You are so freaking funny. That's one. The other one, there was a time there, and I was just getting traumatized at that stage of my life, where I thought, I'm doing everything, except I'm not a Eucharistic minister, giving communion, because it hurts too much to know that this is as close as I'm going to get. And that's it. You know what, God? That's it. I'm done. I'm done. I'm done.
No way. You will make a way, but you haven't made a way for a woman to be ordained a priest. So I am done. And this is going five days a week to Mass, little bit of people there. And there was usually this one married couple that would help distribute communion at that Mass. And so I was kneeling there, and yeah, I'm arguing with God pretty much. You're breaking up with your boyfriend. And I looked up and the priest, it was time to distribute.
He looks around, the couple's not there. And he turns around and he looks at me and he goes, no. And he goes, come here to distribute communion. Oh my goodness. So I was at a retreat, an Advent retreat with my community, the Immaculate Heart community. And one of our new members got up and she announced to everyone that she had been ordained a Roman Catholic priest. And up until then, I had put it all away. And I had said, you know, God, here's the deal.
If you can find a way for me to be ordained with apostolic succession, which would mean I would be a Roman Catholic priest. I'll say yes. But until then, no. And she got up and said, you know, that she did this through Roman Catholic woman priest. And she explained how it was apostolic succession. Most of my sisters in the room only heard you did what? You got ordained a Roman Catholic priest. The only thing I heard was an apostolic succession.
Yes. Will you tell us a little bit about what that is for folks who might not know?
Apostolic succession means that the ordination, the laying of hands, can be traced all the way back to Peter and Jesus. Yes.
And that's where the power comes from. Yes. Right. Direct.
That it can go all the way. Like roots. Like the roots can be traced all the way to the truth. And so, you know, I talked with her and I started making my inquiries. And yeah, I followed through and it was very hard. But one way or another, each roadblock just fell away, fell away and fell away. And so I was ordained. I knew I was going to be excommunicated, which is so silly. At this point, I figure I should have ordered a catering service for my excommunication.
And my dear mom, who is the only person in my lifetime that I have ever had the fear of God of. The day before, no, the day of, she already knew I was going to go and get ordained. Had no opinion one way or the other. And she was disabled. She was in bed. She had been like that for years. Always saw her rosary on the television. Always saw her mass on the television. Her novelas on the television. And I went in that morning.
I told her, Mom, I'm going to go now. I'm going to the ordination. I'm going to be ordained. And she said, OK, that's good. I said, Mom, I'm going to be excommunicated. And it was the second time I told her this. Not that day, but second time telling her. And she just says, turn off the TV. And she tells me in English, Rose, you worry over the stupidest things. You're going to be excommunicated. You answered me a question. If there was someone who was dying or was in a bad way or their baby was in a bad way and they came to you and they said, please, I want to be baptized or baptize this child and you baptize them.
Would that still be good? And I thought about that. Uh, yeah. And she says, well, you're not excommunicated. Now turn on the TV and leave.
So I'm a priest. Yes. So what a practical way of seeing not the infrastructure, but the center of the purpose of ministry, which is to provide with a mantle of God, the hope and the comfort to the people.
Yes. The institution does not take precedent over the call itself. And I know there are priests and all sorts of people, cardinals and such that would argue with me, but I stand by that. No, it does not. As far as not being allowed to celebrate mass, at least here in Los Angeles, to me, the structure of that church. Yeah. I can be told you cannot celebrate mass here, but on the sidewalk in front, no one can tell me I cannot celebrate mass.
And the only difference is that there is a deed to the property in the building of that church. And the name on that deed is the Archbishop of Los Angeles. So of course he can say who can do what in that building, but he can't say that I cannot celebrate mass.
That's right.
That's not up to him.
Amen.
So if I'm there on the street doing it and people are coming, oh well, you'll get over it.
That's right. I know for many years you celebrate, there's this big conference each year called Creating Change that gathers LGBT people from around the country. And I know one of the cornerstones of that conference to be you holding a mass for LGBT people. And that is part of how I came to know you. So will you tell us a little bit about what does mass mean to you? What does that look like in a space like that? You yourself don't identify as queer or maybe you're…
So you got involved all up in this with us for years and years now. You've been a part of the spiritual care team with us. So will you tell us a little bit about what it means to you to have mass, to hold mass, to celebrate mass, to sacralize a space for LGBT folks that in general, we've been told we aren't welcome. We're not allowed to celebrate the sacrament of Eucharist. Tell us about that for you.
It is the most precious thing for me. It is the custom in the Roman Catholic Church that the first mass that a newly ordained priest celebrates is extremely important. Where it's celebrated, you know, who receives the first blessings, you know, and all the rest of this. My first mass was at Creating Change.
In our community. Yeah.
And it was really great because we, and by we, I mean the people present at that place of Creating Change helped to put together the pieces of the mass and the music. And they read the pieces of the mass. They proclaimed the gospel. They gave communion to each other. Right. And it felt so good. Yeah. It really felt so, so good. That very first one, I was just curious why people were there. Yes. And who was in the room. And almost, it was like almost without an exception of the 17 or so people that were there, each one in some way or another had been a Catholic.
Yes. Not a practicing Catholic at the time, quote practicing Catholic, but had been a Catholic. And I remember there was one woman there who had worked for her diocese, or I think it was her parish, for years and years and years and years. And then she had sent out an invitation to a wedding shower for, I think it was her daughter, lesbian daughter, who was getting married, the two of them. And they dismissed her after years and years and years of service.
And I just thought this is, it's ridiculous. I told people to me, this is a place of gratitude. This is a place of sustenance. This is a welcoming table. To me, the day someone can tell me who Jesus said, you back away from this table, or I'm not going to feed you, is the day that I'll say, okay, but you can't find that because he never did. And so to me, and I've said this to people, to tell you that you are not worthy, first of all, to sit at the table with everyone else who's your kin, is a lie.
That means that that person lied to you. They lied to you. This was made for you. This was made for all of us. And so, you know, we went down the line and, you know, it was so touching. And at one point, when people were talking about their experiences, and I think it was after the mass, a very good friend of mine, Lee Smith Melendez Rivera, who I adore. I love her. Another sin vergüenza. Oh, I love Lee Smith. She was sitting right next to me.
And this one woman said how very, very touched she was to see a lesbian woman celebrating mass. And I was about to say something and Liz Smith got my hand and she just goes, don't, you know, like that. Oh, she said, no, no, let her have it. I won't tell her. I don't want to lie. It's true.
But I'm honorary because I produce lesbian dolls. Yes, that's the next piece I want to jump into if you're ready. Because not only are you exceptional for your perseverance to the call that you received from God as a child that was not going to be deterred, and you stuck with it until you found a way. So many of us, we feel like we don't have a choice. We have to leave, we have to escape, we have to try a different path.
But the fact that you've held on to that and said, no, this is my birthright, this is my tradition. And I'm going to trust that God's going to open a way, but I'm also not going to just live into my own suffering until I do that. And then God shows this magical woman in your space who's like, I've been ordained and that starts you down that path. But you come to this in a way that so many people, another way that people leave the church is when somebody in their family or a close loved one comes out of the closet as LGBT, and they feel like they have to choose between their faith, their religious practice, their religious community, and their loved one.
And so many of our families have chosen their faith and their religion and kicked us out or excluded us or just agreed to disagree. And you come from an entirely different place. So will you talk a little bit about being a mother and being a priest and your faith? How do those things work together? You are absolutely honorary, not just once, but twice over. So do tell, do tell. Well, okay.
So first of all, my children's father was gay and I didn't know that. And he was in the closet and he never came out of the closet except when he abandoned our family and left stuff behind. And I was going through it. Yeah, I found the love letters and I found the photos. And so, you know, I have to tell you that was very difficult to deal with. I was so hurt and people use the word, oh, I was devastated so easily.
No, I was devastated. It was hard. And at that point I had my two daughters. But there was something in me that realized you're going to have to come to terms with this person and the experience because every single day you are going to see his face in the faces of your children. And you're going to have to resolve whatever it is that's in you because otherwise these poor kids are going to feel that resentment, that anger, that dark negativity in you.
And so I did an awful lot of work, a lot of praying and going to people to help me figure this out and counseling and retreats. And I really did get finally to the place of, you know, this person was not an angel or a demon. He wasn't a sinner. He wasn't a saint. He was a human being. And we human beings can do beautiful, glorious, divine actions and experiences. And we you know, he was in the closet for God knows why and no one deserves that.
And if anything, I actually got the better portion. He did not.
That's right. But that's enough to make so many people, so many other people closing on themselves and just hate gay people. Like that experience of being abandoned, that devastation, you chose to have that be something you worked on and healed, but so many go the other way.
I have to, because I had to, because I already knew, I had learned from my religious upbringing with the Immaculate Heart Sisters, that what you feed is what's going to grow. Amen. What you feed is what you grow. That, and if you feed that angry element within you over and over again, it will grow and become destructive. And eventually it will be self-consuming and there will be none of yourself left. You'll just be a shell. And I didn't want that for myself.
And I certainly didn't want that for my children. They didn't need, they'd already been abandoned by their dad. They didn't need their mother to abandon them because she gave all her energy to this negativity. That's right. Right. And don't confuse me, like I'm no saint though, I'm human. And like, I was more than broke, right? There were some very hard times being a single mom, very hard times. And every once in a while, I tell him, think to myself, yeah, I don't hold him.
You know, the day this person passes away and I pass away, I'm telling God, I'm not holding him bound. God, please, all of this, it's all forgiven. But if I could only see him once and just give him a good hard clip to him. And then look at him and say, how the hell are you doing, Henny? Because it's just a little bit of anger.
Just a little bit.
Just a little bit. And so when my daughters were in high school, my youngest daughter, she is a kind of a person, she's like emotion incarnated. Whatever she feels, you know it. You know what she's feeling. So like, if she's happy, oh, it's great. You know, we crank up music, people are joking, we're cooking, you know, it's a good time. She's in a good mood. If she's not in a good mood, we know there's clouds that come across the sun, the animals go and hide, you know.
She's not in a good mood. So one day she came home from school and she was quiet. She was quiet. And I thought, oh dear, this is different. And she came up to me and she was really worried. She was like, kind of trembling. She says, mom, I have something to tell you, but don't get mad. And I thought, oh hell, she's pregnant. I thought, okay, take a breath. And she was telling me over and over again, mom, please don't get mad.
And you know, I was trying to think, well, please, what could it be? And we live in East Los Angeles. And I thought, please God, tell me that she's not involved in drugs and she didn't burn some drug dealer and they're going to come and shoot up the house.
Please God. All the things that could be running through your mind.
Yeah, all these horrible things. And she finally said, mom, don't get mad. I like girls. I date girls. And by that time she was just sobbing away. She could hardly breathe. And what struck me was, first of all, my child's in pain. She's crying. And, you know, I realized, oh my God, this is the same child that's been telling me now for years that she has no father, that she hates her father. And she knew he was gay, that she's a vegetable.
And I just thought, oh my God. And I felt really bad because I thought, and she thinks you're going to hate her. And so, you know, I did my best to soothe her. And I told her, you know, yes, I pray for you. You are a jewel. You're precious. And, you know, I talked to her and I tried to counsel her. And, you know, I still think it's hard for a parent who's straight to try and counsel a child who is queer, gay, lesbian, or bi, or trans, because it's an experience, a reality that I don't understand.
I don't know. I don't have that experience. But I did try. I tried to counsel her. And there was one thing, if I could change, I would. But at the time I was afraid for her. And I wouldn't have told her, just be careful who you tell. It wasn't right. It wasn't right then. It isn't right now. Because if my daughter was straight, I would never have told her, be careful who you tell. I told her because I was afraid of what could happen to her.
I shared that once with Lizbeth, Lizbeth Melendez Rivera, Lizbeth. And I told her I feel guilty for having told my child that. And she said, you have to understand, at that point, your daughter was ready to come out of the closet. You were not ready to be the parent of a lesbian daughter. So she had walked a path that you were just at the very beginning of. You know, so that was her story. Her sister's story was different. Her sister would have gone to her grave not telling me she was a lesbian.
But her sister outed her.
Oh, sisters. Exactly.
Her sister was very angry at her over something, pretty much came out of the bedroom and told me, she has something to say to you. And she tells her sister, and if you don't tell her, I will. And then she walks away. So that's how that went.
So many parents act from a place of fear. And that makes sense because I think we're writing this coming out resource just to help folks feel a little bit more bolstered in our community. And one of the things that feels important to say is that we as LGBT people have feelings in our bones, in our bodies, in our deep knowing that is a yes or a no, that helps us know what is right for us, that I believe is the gift of the Holy Spirit in our beings telling us yes or no.
And straight people don't have that. So they have to trust us when we say this is who we are. But I know that just like Lisbeth told you, there's a different process for a parent, for a loved one who feels protective and scared. And thankfully, that came out as something that was protective. And so many times it comes out as anger or insults or judgment. And that is something that I hope that with time, our families and our communities can see in a different way.
Because I know so many of us have lost our families because of that fear that sounds like anger, judgment, insults, but deep under there is such deep fear for people that they love.
Yeah. And those people who go to religious scripture and they point to it as a way to try and maybe push their loved one, and they're probably still loved, into the closet, it's their own fear radiating out, not being able to get a handle on their own fear, on my own fear. For some, I guess it's directed at the person who's telling you the deepest part of their being. Yeah. And so, there may be this thought, if I get angry enough, I can scare them back and they'll be safe.
For myself, actually, it's mostly, yeah, I can be angry, but not angry at my children, angry at what may be out there and realizing that there's a part of me that's very primal, really primal. There's a mother part of me, I swear to God, you'd lay a finger on my child, you are going down.
Yes, yes.
You are going down. But that's still the fear being manifested, just in a different way. So, for those who are looking to the religious texts and all, in particular, oh, I hate it, too, the prodigal son. And where they say that this, it's always a boy, comes back to the father, and I've sinned, I've sinned, I don't deserve you, I'm changing, I'm going to be everything you wanted me to be. It's like you missed the whole point of the story. That wasn't the point of the story.
The point of the story is the unconditional love that father has. Say that. That's the point of the story. Because if you read it, again, you'll realize, as that child is apologizing and desperately trying to get back to this place of love, of being loved, of feeling the love, and is apologizing and apologizing, this parent isn't even listening because that parent's too busy giving out orders and directions to have a party because the child's returned. The apology, the whole thing of to be forgiven, no, that's not the important part.
The important part is this is what unconditional love looks like. And even to the point of going to others who may be judging this child harshly, and then judging you as whatever, a fool or whatever, for having that unconditional love, because the parent goes to the sibling, right? And there's another thing. That sibling, that quote son, in the way that the Jewish and Hebrew writings are, has committed a worse sin than his brother, because he has criticized his father. And you don't do that without being stoned to death.
A child does not criticize the parent, does not go against the parent. Leviticus tells the parent that child can be stoned to death for having disrespected the parent, the father. So that child did that. And again, unconditional love. He's not even looking at that, at the child that's not going to apologize for the transgression, or at the child that is apologizing for the transgression. The point is that this parent loves them both unconditionally. And this one who has criticized you, you're reasoning with them and counseling them, and trying to bring them to life by saying, look, you know, we thought your brother was dead, and he's alive.
Celebrate. And with the other one not listening, because you're here, we got to celebrate that. First things first. Let's celebrate. Let's be together. And I would say to those people, you're reading it all wrong.
Yes. So how did you get from that moment where you're fearful, you clearly love your daughter, that doesn't change at all. But now part of your activism is in faith community, is this marrying of the faith community and this mama bear for so many of us in the LGBT community. How did that, how did you go from that fear to this place where we see you every year in queer spaces, holding masses, providing comfort, showing us what is possible? How'd that happen?
My youngest daughter was going to Cal State. And she heard a speaker from an organization called GLIDE. And it's not the one that most of us are familiar with. This is another one. It's no longer in existence. GLIDE stood for Gays and Lesbians Initiating Dialogue for Equality. And it was a speaker's bureau. And it was gay folks of all types. And training to go and speak at different schools, high schools, colleges, with business people, just at different places, to talk about the causes of homophobia and the impact of homophobia on communities.
And there are a few pillars of homophobia, for instance, sexism. Where you find sexism, you will find homophobia, transphobia. Where you find homophobia, transphobia, you will find sexism. Which to me, for my beloved Catholic Church, if my brothers want to get rid of homophobia and transphobia and all the rest of the oppressions, they got to get rid of the sexism to get over it. Women are here. And so churches can also be a source of the homophobia and transphobia. And there were others.
Anyway, so my daughter said, I heard this lecture, Mom, and I talked to one of the lectures, because it was three of them there. And I told them that they should talk to you. And I thought, well, this is strange. Why? And she says, just talk to Mom. And she talked me into going again. And I was interviewed at my office at work. And I told the person, you know, Arnold, I'm straight. I don't know if you can use me. And he said, evidently, your daughter thinks so.
And so I went through it. And it was there that I started seeing more and more folks, parents in particular, that I thought, I don't know what you all are afraid of, but you're suffering when you don't have to suffer. Love your kids. Love them. Because God only knows they love you. You know, and I was seeing so many young people that, oh, I just, I really felt so bad, because sometimes they'd come up to me and, you know, they say things like, I wish you were my mother.
And I thought, it's got to change. People need to really quit succumbing to being handcuffed by this society that wants to tell us how to love our kids, when we already know how to love our kids. Right? And I kept also hearing folks that would be talking to me about, you know, Christian teachings and the Bible and the script, you know, and I'd be there just thinking to myself, no, no, he got it wrong. You know, you're quoting the Old Testament to me.
You're quoting Paul to me, who sometimes had a good day and sometimes had a horrible day. You know, but if you're going to the gospels, the people who supposedly were reporting about Jesus and what Jesus said for real, he never said anything bad about sexual orientation. He said more things bad about people who were hungry for power. That's right. Rich people, you know. So, with that, I thought, okay, I think maybe this is what I'm being called to do. And from there, it just went on.
You know, I got involved with Call to Action, a progressive Roman Catholic group, a national one. Got more and more into immigrants and into the LGBT community. And Lizbeth, God bless her, got to know her at one place. And she introduced me to other things, to other places, other speaking opportunities. And it just grew from there. And with the Human Rights Campaign, and Lizbeth ended up being part of trainers for a la familia, which is a curriculum that goes to the intersections of familia, religion, and the LGBT community, and the interactions of that, to go and speak about that and teach about that.
And the film, I forgot the name of it, but it was a film about different families and groups where these intersections have met.
Wow. Yeah. You have been a pillar in our community for a long time now. And I am so grateful, my goodness, how quickly this hour has passed. But I wonder if you would leave us with, what are some of your sources? Who are your ancestors? Where are your sources of strength and power? Where do you return time and time again, when you need fortification, when you need reminding who you are, who we are as a community? What lineages do you pull from, whether it's blood family or cultural?
Where is that found for you?
Well, for me, straight to the source, God, whatever God may be, which has kind of changed over the years. I mean, as a little, little girl, my grandmother taught me about Titavios. But straight to the source, to the point where I know that God is awesome. And is anything impossible in God? No. But also, God can be a trickster. Amen. A wise guy. Which is fine. Which is okay. How do you make God laugh? Tell God your plans? I understand that.
The gospel this past Sunday was about the people going on the path of Emmaus. And that was right after Jesus had been reported resurrected. And these two people they're just down. They are down because he had been killed and he's gone. And they're saying, hey, but these women say they saw him and Jesus walking with them. And he's saying, what are you talking about? Yeah. I'm thinking, you see? That's what I mean. Wise guy. Wise guy. I go straight to the source.
My grandmother and the women, the ancestral women in my family, are a very strong source for me of trusting in God, of knowing that all things are possible in God. The whole thought of upbringing of life is a journey. And that many times God has not brought us this far to turn us away. Or like these times that we're living in right now. If my grandmother were alive, she would say, God will squeeze you but God will not strangle you. Which is basically, hang in there.
You'll survive. You've got this blood. You've got this DNA in you. You've got this spirit in you. My education through the Immaculate Heart Sisters, which was one of asking why? Question authority. Who gave you the authority to say that? And don't be acting like Jesus was your best friend in high school. Where did your authority come from? Question authority, critical thinking, logical thinking, a passion for education, a passion for history, pay attention, joy, doing things with style. Yes, do things with style.
Hospitality, before all things, hospitality. A lack of hospitality was the sin of Sodom and Gomorrah. It was not homosexuality. It was a lack of hospitality, hospitality always. And there's a lot of people who are just great saints out there, if we'll just look for them. Harvey Milk, what a fantastic person. The parents of, oh, this terrible, Matthew Shepard. Bayard Rustin, right, who's not elevated at all. I mean, all of these people are saints. Michael Lynch, the first recorded casualty of 9-11, a gay Franciscan chaplain.
I mean, they're out there. If we just look for them and we say, yes. Mary said, yes. Right. She had a choice. She didn't have to have Jesus, but she said yes. And in saying yes for us to take a risk, just take a risk. And that's who inspires me. Mary, oh, Mary. Mary's awesome. Mary is awesome. To me, these are all the ones that inspire me. And now I look at my grandchildren, I look at my children, and they inspire me too.
And I'm thinking the world's going to be okay.
Thank you so much for your time today. Thank you for being with us. Thank you for sharing your heart. You had me in tears many, many times throughout this conversation. So I'm just so grateful for you.
Thank you for this time too. And thank you to whoever is listening to this podcast for listening. And if anything, I would say just, you know what? Just remember that when all is said and done, we're loved. That's right.
We are. We're loved. Oh, we are loved. And you are so very loved. Thank you so much. Thank you. Thank you. Well, my loves, that is a wrap for season two of Shameless Theology. And what an incredibly beautiful human to end with. I am so thankful that we were able to hear from Rosa. And I hope that you are as inspired by her life and her love and her commitment to dignity and justice as I am. You know, all season, we have worked to find the right words to amplify people's stories to share our hearts and to lift up these sinvergüenzas.
But ultimately, we know that these stories speak for themselves. And what matters is knowing that I'm here, and you're there. And we are all here together. These stories that we're sharing, and these people who are living into this world filled with spiritual violence are critically important. These folks who have figured out ways to raise children in a broken world and have figured out how to resist while keeping their humanity. There are stories here of your neighbors and cousins and abuelas. And I hope you find yourself reflected in these stories too, in their strength and determination and stubbornness as sinvergüenzas.
Spiritual violence isn't just happening to someone else or over there. It's happening in all of our lives, in all of our neighborhoods, in all of our churches, and our government buildings. It's not only the saints among us who are called to resist. All of us have to name this violence, reject it, interrupt it, heal it, and work together. This has been an incredible season of Shameless Theology, and we've heard from courageous folks and inspiring folks. I have just enjoyed sharing this with you and learning alongside you.
You know, we have a new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith, and I wanted to remind you that it's available now. If you haven't already, please visit our website and download our free preview. We also want to share these ideas with you and with your communities. The book is meant to be a starting point, a conversation starter, not the final word. This podcast hopefully adds to that by sparking conversation and inspiring action and helping to just bring us into community with each other.
And we would love to hear from you. What has resonated with you? What are your stories of these similar experiences? How can we help you share this work? Are there other things we can do together like workshops or virtual seminars or discussion guides for church groups and book clubs? Find us at soulforce.org and let us know. We'll be back with season three of Shameless Theology before you know it. But in the meantime, sign up for our newsletter to stay in touch with what we're up to here at Soulforce.
Thank you for spending time with us today on this episode of Shameless Theology. I hope you found it both provocative and helpful on your own journey toward healing. These conversations are part of Soulforce's ongoing effort to name harm, honor our lived experiences, and imagine faith beyond violence. If you want to go deeper, you can find a link to our new book called Spiritual Violence, Religious Phenomena That Defile the Faith here in the show notes. You can also find more information on our website at soulforce.org where you can download free theological resources designed to support individuals, faith leaders, and communities who are navigating religious harm and spiritual reconstruction.
If something in today's dialogue resonated with you, maybe it stirred something and settled something or helped you find language for your own story, then you have found yourself in the right place. Consider sharing this episode with someone who might need it and follow along for future conversations and supplemental content. Whoever you are and wherever you find yourself in this time-questioning, grieving, rebuilding, or reclaiming-I am so grateful that you are here. May your theological imagination remain ever alive, and may you find spaces that honor your full, blessed humanity.
With hearts ablaze and spirits unyielding, until next time, I'm Rev. Sex, and this is Shameless Theology.
About the Podcast
Reverend Sex
Reverend Alba Onofrio
Reverend Alba Onofrio is a public theologian and spiritual activist rooted in human rights work, queer liberation, and embodied healing. As host of Teología Sin Vergüenza, they create space for shameless theology, sacred questioning, and collective resistance.
Learn MoreTopics We Explore
- Queer & Trans Faith
- Feminist Theology
- Decolonial Spirituality
- Gender, Sexuality & Pleasure
- Spiritual Trauma & Healing
- Migration, Home & Belonging
- Faith-Based Activism
- Liberation & Social Justice
Spiritual Violence
Religious Phenomena that Defile the Faith
Grounded in Queer feminism, pastoral and practical theology, and cultural studies, this book offers historical context, analytical tools, and embodied practices to help readers confront the harm inflicted in the name of faith—and imagine pathways toward healing and liberation.



